c++ - IDD_ABOUT : undeclared identifier

Question

我是 c/c++ 编程语言的新手，正在学习有关 Win32 的在线教程。当我构建和编译我的项目(MS VS C++ 2010 Express)时，出现此错误:'IDD_ABOUT':未声明的标识符。我不确定如何解决这个问题。 :(

主要.cpp:

#include <Windows.h>

#define ID_FILE_EXIT 9001
#define ID_HELP_ABOUT 9002

const char g_szClassName[] = "myWindowClass";

BOOL CALLBACK AboutDlgProc( HWND hwnd, UINT Message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    switch( Message )
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:

        return TRUE;

    case WM_COMMAND:
        switch( LOWORD( wParam ) )
        {
        case IDOK:
            EndDialog( hwnd, IDOK );
            break;

        case IDCANCEL:
            EndDialog( hwnd, IDCANCEL );
            break;
        }
        break;

    default:
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    switch( msg )
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        {
            HMENU hMenu, hSubMenu;
            HICON hIcon, hIconSm;

            hMenu = CreateMenu();

            hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu();
            AppendMenu( hSubMenu, MF_STRING, ID_FILE_EXIT, "E&xit" );
            AppendMenu( hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, ( UINT )hSubMenu, "&File" );

            hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu();
            AppendMenu( hSubMenu, MF_STRING, ID_HELP_ABOUT, "&About" );
            AppendMenu( hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, ( UINT )hSubMenu, "&Help" );

            SetMenu( hwnd, hMenu );

            hIcon = ( HICON )LoadImage( NULL, "menu_one.ico", IMAGE_ICON, 32, 32, LR_LOADFROMFILE );
            if( hIcon )
                SendMessage( hwnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_BIG, ( LPARAM )hIcon );
            else
                MessageBox( hwnd, "Could not load large icon!", "ERROR!", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR );

            hIconSm = ( HICON )LoadImage( NULL, "menu_one.ico", IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, LR_LOADFROMFILE );
            if( hIconSm )
                SendMessage( hwnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_SMALL, ( LPARAM )hIconSm );
            else
                MessageBox( hwnd, "Could not load small icon!", "ERROR!", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR );
        }
        break;

    case WM_COMMAND:
        switch( LOWORD( wParam ) )
        {
        case ID_FILE_EXIT:
            PostMessage( hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0 );
            break;

        case ID_HELP_ABOUT:
            {
                int ret = DialogBox( GetModuleHandle( NULL ), MAKEINTRESOURCE( IDD_ABOUT ), hwnd, AboutDlgProc );
                if( ret == IDOK )
                    MessageBox( hwnd, "Dialog exited with IDOK.", "Notice", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
                else if( ret == IDCANCEL )
                    MessageBox( hwnd, "Dialog exited with IDCANCEL.", "Notice", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
                else if( ret == -1 )
                    MessageBox( hwnd, "Dialog failed!", "Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION );
            }
            break;
        }
        break;

    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:

        break;

    case WM_CLOSE:
        DestroyWindow( hwnd );
        break;

    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage( 0 );
        break;

    default:
        return DefWindowProc( hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
    }
    return 0;
}

int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow )
{
    WNDCLASSEX wc;
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;

    // Step 1: Registering the Window Class
    wc.cbSize = sizeof( WNDCLASSEX );
    wc.style = 1;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hIcon = NULL;
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
    wc.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH )( COLOR_WINDOW + 1 );
    wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wc.lpszClassName = g_szClassName;
    wc.hIconSm = NULL;

    if( !RegisterClassEx( &wc ) )
    {
        MessageBox( NULL, "Window Registration Failed!", "Error!", MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK );
        return 0;
    }

    hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
        WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
        g_szClassName,
        "The title of my window",
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        500, 200, 800, 600,
        NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL );

    if( hwnd == NULL )
    {
        MessageBox( NULL, "Window Creation Failed!", "Error!", MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK );
        return 0;
    }

    ShowWindow( hwnd, nCmdShow );
    UpdateWindow( hwnd );

    while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) > 0 )
    {
        TranslateMessage( &msg );
        DispatchMessage( &msg );
    }

    return msg.wParam;
}

资源.rc:

#include <Windows.h>

#ifndef IDC_STATIC
#define IDC_STATIC -1
#endif

IDD_ABOUT DIALOG DISCARDABLE  0, 0, 239, 66
STYLE DS_MODALFRAME | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
CAPTION "My About Box"
FONT 8, "MS Sans Serif"
BEGIN
    DEFPUSHBUTTON   "&OK",IDOK,174,18,50,14
    PUSHBUTTON      "&Cancel",IDCANCEL,174,35,50,14
    GROUPBOX        "About this program...",IDC_STATIC,7,7,225,52
    CTEXT           "An example program showing how to use Dialog Boxes\r\n\r\nby theForger",IDC_STATIC,16,18,144,33
END

Answer 1

我感觉 Visual Studio Express 没有包含自动生成资源包含的适当资源编辑器，所以我猜您已经手动创建了 .rc 文件。如果是这样，您可能只需要定义符号。创建一个名为 resource.h 的包含文件并向其中添加以下行:

#define IDD_ABOUT   100

然后将其包含在 .cpp 和 .rc 文件的顶部:

#include <Windows.h>
#include "resource.h" // add this line

Windows header 定义了通用的某些资源 ID(IDOK、IDCANCEL、IDC_STATIC 等)，但对于其他任何您需要添加您自己的符号。这些值并不重要——任何不超过 65534 的数字都可以，只要它不与同一“范围”中使用的任何其他 ID 冲突(例如，一个对话框中的两个控件应该具有不同的 ID，但你可以在另一个对话框中重复使用相同的 ID)。