c++ - 尝试将字符串推到列表后面时出现段错误

Question

我正在尝试为我的 C++ 计算器编写一个记录器类，但在尝试将字符串插入列表时遇到问题。

我已尝试研究此问题并找到了一些相关信息，但似乎对解决我的问题没有任何帮助。我使用的是一个相当基本的 C++ 编译器，几乎没有调试实用程序，而且我已经有一段时间没有使用 C++(即使当时也只是很少用)。

我的代码:

#ifndef _LOGGER_H_
#define _LOGGER_H_

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string>

using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
using std::list;
using std::string;

class Logger
{
private:
 list<string> mEntries;

public:
 Logger() {}
 ~Logger() {}

 // Public Methods
 void WriteEntry(const string& entry)
 {
  mEntries.push_back(entry);
 }

 void DisplayEntries()
 {
  cout << endl << "**********************" << endl
            << "*   Logger Entries   *" << endl
      << "**********************" << endl
    << endl;

  for(list<string>::iterator it = mEntries.begin();
   it != mEntries.end(); it++)
  {
  // *** BELOW LINE IS MARKED WITH THE ERROR ***
   cout << *it << endl;
  }
 }
};

#endif

我通过简单地传入一个字符串来调用 WriteEntry 方法，如下所示:

mLogger->WriteEntry("Testing");

如有任何建议，我们将不胜感激。

* 上面的代码已经更改为现在的样子 *

现在，行:

cout << *it << endl;

导致同样的错误。我假设这与我尝试从迭代器获取字符串值的方式有关。

我用来调用它的代码在我的 main.cpp 文件中:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include "CommandParser.h"
#include "CommandManager.h"
#include "Exceptions.h"
#include "Logger.h"

using std::string;
using std::stringstream;
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

#define MSG_QUIT    2384321
#define SHOW_LOGGER true

void RegisterCommands(void);
void UnregisterCommands(void);
int ApplicationLoop(void);
void CheckForLoggingOutput(void);
void ShowDebugLog(void);

// Operations
double Operation_Add(double* params);
double Operation_Subtract(double* params);
double Operation_Multiply(double* params);
double Operation_Divide(double* params);

// Variable
CommandManager  *mCommandManager;
CommandParser   *mCommandParser;
Logger          *mLogger;

int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
    mLogger->WriteEntry("Registering commands...\0");   

    // Make sure we register all commands first
    RegisterCommands();

    mLogger->WriteEntry("Command registration complete.\0");

    // Check the input to see if we're using the program standalone,
    // or not
    if(argc == 0)
    {
        mLogger->WriteEntry("Starting application message pump...\0");

        // Full version
        int result;
        do
        {
            result = ApplicationLoop();
        } while(result != MSG_QUIT);
    }
    else
    {
        mLogger->WriteEntry("Starting standalone application...\0");

        // Standalone - single use
        // Join the args into a string
        stringstream joinedStrings(argv[0]);
        for(int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
        {
            joinedStrings << argv[i];
        }

        mLogger->WriteEntry("Parsing argument '" + joinedStrings.str() + "'...\0");

        // Parse the string
        mCommandParser->Parse(joinedStrings.str());

        // Get the command names from the parser
        list<string> commandNames = mCommandParser->GetCommandNames();

        // Check that all of the commands have been registered
        for(list<string>::iterator it = commandNames.begin();
            it != commandNames.end(); it++)
        {
            mLogger->WriteEntry("Checking command '" + *it + "' is registered...\0");

            if(!mCommandManager->IsCommandRegistered(*it))
            {
                // TODO: Throw exception
                mLogger->WriteEntry("Command '" + *it + "' has not been registered.\0");
            }
        }

        // Get each command from the parser and use it's values
        // to invoke the relevant command from the manager
        double results[commandNames.size()];
        int currentResultIndex = 0;
        for(list<string>::iterator name_iterator = commandNames.begin();
            name_iterator != commandNames.end(); name_iterator++)
        {
            string paramString = mCommandParser->GetCommandValue(*name_iterator);
            list<string> paramStringArray = StringHelper::Split(paramString, ' ');

            double params[paramStringArray.size()];
            int index = 0;
            for(list<string>::iterator param_iterator = paramStringArray.begin();
                param_iterator != paramStringArray.end(); param_iterator++)
            {
                // Parse the current string to a double value
                params[index++] = atof(param_iterator->c_str());
            }

            mLogger->WriteEntry("Invoking command '" + *name_iterator + "'...\0");

            results[currentResultIndex++] =
                mCommandManager->InvokeCommand(*name_iterator, params);
        }

        // Output all results
        for(int i = 0; i < commandNames.size(); i++)
        {
            cout << "Result[" << i << "]: " << results[i] << endl;
        }
    }

    mLogger->WriteEntry("Unregistering commands...\0");

    // Make sure we clear up our resources
    UnregisterCommands();

    mLogger->WriteEntry("Command unregistration complete.\0");

    if(SHOW_LOGGER)
    {
        CheckForLoggingOutput();
    }

    system("PAUSE");

    return 0;
}

void RegisterCommands()
{
    mCommandManager = new CommandManager();
    mCommandParser = new CommandParser();
    mLogger = new Logger();

    // Known commands
    mCommandManager->RegisterCommand("add", &Operation_Add);
    mCommandManager->RegisterCommand("sub", &Operation_Subtract);
    mCommandManager->RegisterCommand("mul", &Operation_Multiply);
    mCommandManager->RegisterCommand("div", &Operation_Divide);
}

void UnregisterCommands()
{
    // Unregister each command
    mCommandManager->UnregisterCommand("add");
    mCommandManager->UnregisterCommand("sub");
    mCommandManager->UnregisterCommand("mul");
    mCommandManager->UnregisterCommand("div");

    // Delete the logger pointer
    delete mLogger;

    // Delete the command manager pointer
    delete mCommandManager;

    // Delete the command parser pointer
    delete mCommandParser;
}

int ApplicationLoop()
{
    return MSG_QUIT;
}

void CheckForLoggingOutput()
{
    char answer = 'n';

    cout << endl << "Do you wish to view the debug log? [y/n]: ";
    cin >> answer;

    switch(answer)
    {
        case 'y':
            ShowDebugLog();
            break;
    }
}

void ShowDebugLog()
{
    mLogger->DisplayEntries();
}

// Operation Definitions
double Operation_Add(double* values)
{
    double accumulator = 0.0;

    // Iterate over all values and accumulate them
    for(int i = 0; i < (sizeof values) - 1; i++)
    {
        accumulator += values[i];
    }

    // Return the result of the calculation
    return accumulator;
}

double Operation_Subtract(double* values)
{
    double accumulator = 0.0;

    // Iterate over all values and negativel accumulate them
    for(int i = 0; i < (sizeof values) - 1; i++)
    {
        accumulator -= values[i];
    }

    // Return the result of the calculation
    return accumulator;
}

double Operation_Multiply(double* values)
{
    double accumulator = 0.0;

    for(int i = 0; i < (sizeof values) - 1; i++)
    {
        accumulator *= values[i];
    }

    // Return the value of the calculation
    return accumulator;
}

double Operation_Divide(double* values)
{
    double accumulator = 0.0;

    for(int i = 0; i < (sizeof values) - 1; i++)
    {
        accumulator /= values[i];
    }

    // Return the result of the calculation
    return accumulator;
}

---

Answer 1

你记得在某个时候调用 mLogger = new Logger 吗？您是否在写入之前不小心删除了 mLogger？

尝试在 valgrind 中运行您的程序，看它是否发现任何内存错误。