c++ - 如何打印以逗号分隔的元素列表？

Question

我知道如何用其他语言做到这一点，但我不知道如何用 C++，我不得不在这里使用它。

我有一组字符串(关键字)作为列表打印到out，字符串之间需要逗号，但尾部不需要逗号。例如，在 Java 中，我会使用 StringBuilder 并在构建字符串后删除末尾的逗号。我如何在 C++ 中执行此操作？

auto iter = keywords.begin();
for (iter; iter != keywords.end( ); iter++ )
{
    out << *iter << ", ";
}
out << endl;

我最初尝试插入以下 block 来执行此操作(将逗号打印移至此处):

if (iter++ != keywords.end())
    out << ", ";
iter--;

Answer 1

使用中缀迭代器:

// infix_iterator.h 
// 
// Lifted from Jerry Coffin's 's prefix_ostream_iterator 
#if !defined(INFIX_ITERATOR_H_) 
#define  INFIX_ITERATOR_H_ 
#include <ostream> 
#include <iterator> 
template <class T, 
          class charT=char, 
          class traits=std::char_traits<charT> > 
class infix_ostream_iterator : 
    public std::iterator<std::output_iterator_tag,void,void,void,void> 
{ 
    std::basic_ostream<charT,traits> *os; 
    charT const* delimiter; 
    bool first_elem; 
public: 
    typedef charT char_type; 
    typedef traits traits_type; 
    typedef std::basic_ostream<charT,traits> ostream_type; 
    infix_ostream_iterator(ostream_type& s) 
        : os(&s),delimiter(0), first_elem(true) 
    {} 
    infix_ostream_iterator(ostream_type& s, charT const *d) 
        : os(&s),delimiter(d), first_elem(true) 
    {} 
    infix_ostream_iterator<T,charT,traits>& operator=(T const &item) 
    { 
        // Here's the only real change from ostream_iterator: 
        // Normally, the '*os << item;' would come before the 'if'. 
        if (!first_elem && delimiter != 0) 
            *os << delimiter; 
        *os << item; 
        first_elem = false; 
        return *this; 
    } 
    infix_ostream_iterator<T,charT,traits> &operator*() { 
        return *this; 
    } 
    infix_ostream_iterator<T,charT,traits> &operator++() { 
        return *this; 
    } 
    infix_ostream_iterator<T,charT,traits> &operator++(int) { 
        return *this; 
    } 
};     
#endif 

用法类似于:

#include "infix_iterator.h"

// ...
std::copy(keywords.begin(), keywords.end(), infix_iterator(out, ","));