c++将函数传递给线程池

Question

我正在练习线程和线程并发，我想创建自己的线程池。为此，我有一个线程 vector ，这些线程将等待一个条件变量，以获取下一个要从另一个 vector 执行的函数。

但是我在存储/传递/执行带有未知参数的函数时遇到了麻烦。有人可以给我提示如何执行此操作或我需要什么吗？

工作编辑:

添加任务:

ThreadPool tp(10);
tp.execute(std::bind(print, i));

void print(int i) {
    std::cout << i << std::endl;
}

void ThreadPool::execute(const std::function<void()> function) {
    l.lock();
    if (running) {
        queue.push_back(function);
        cv.notify_one();
    } else {
        // TODO error
        std::cout << "err execute()\n";    
    }
    l.unlock();
}

线程循环:

// set up threads in constructor
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
   threads.push_back(std::thread(&ThreadPool::thread_loop, std::ref(*this), i));
}

static void ThreadPool::thread_loop(ThreadPool &pool, int id) {
    pool.o.lock();
    std::cout << "pool-" << pool.id << "-thread-" << id << " started\n";
    pool.o.unlock();
    std::function<void()> function;
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ul(pool.m, std::defer_lock);

    while (pool.running || pool.queue.size() > 0) {
        ul.lock();
        while (pool.queue.size() == 0) {
            pool.cv.wait(ul);
        }
        pool.l.lock();
        if (pool.queue.size() == 0) {
            pool.l.unlock();
            continue;
        }
        function = pool.queue.at(0);
        pool.queue.erase(pool.queue.begin());
        pool.l.unlock();
        ul.unlock();
        function();
    }
}

Answer 1

您需要添加函数及其参数作为可变参数模板:

template<class Task, class ...Args>
void ThreadPool::execute(Task&& task, Args&& ... args) {
    l.lock();
    if (running) {
        queue.emplace_back(std::bind(std::forward<Task>(task),std::forward<Args>(args)...));
        cv.notify_one();
    } else {
        // TODO error
        std::cout << "err execute()\n";    
    }
    l.unlock();
}

使用示例:

ThreadPool tp(/*whatever you pass the thread pool constructor*/);
tp.execute(printf,"hello from the threadpool.");