c++ - 我需要帮助正确初始化结构并将其正确传递给函数

Question

我正在编写一个简单的 C++ 数据库，使用 Visual Studio 2008 Express Edition，例如按年份对包含 NCAA 优胜者和亚军的文本文件进行排序和搜索的程序，这些数据将保存在一个结构中。我了解如何进行排序和搜索，但我在正确初始化结构并将其传递给函数时遇到了问题，因为当我尝试这样做时，我在类里面的表现如何，我遇到了几个我无法得到的错误摆脱，任何帮助将不胜感激。

报错如下；

project5.cpp(145) : error C2676: binary '[' : 'Data' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator

project5.cpp(145) : error C2228: left of '.year' must have class/struct/union

project5.cpp(146) : error C2676: binary '[' : 'Data' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator

project5.cpp(146) : error C2228: left of '.schoolWin' must have class/struct/union

project5.cpp(147) : error C2676: binary '[' : 'Data' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator

project5.cpp(147) : error C2228: left of '.scoreWin' must have class/struct/union

project5.cpp(148) : error C2676: binary '[' : 'Data' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator

project5.cpp(148) : error C2228: left of '.schoolRunnerUp' must have class/struct/union

project5.cpp(149) : error C2676: binary '[' : 'Data' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator

project5.cpp(149) : error C2228: left of '.scoreRunnerUp' must have class/struct/union

project5.cpp(191) : error C2664: 'initializeStructure' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'Data [100]' to 'Data &'

我的结构声明:

const int Size = 100;           // size of structure
struct Data {                   // Struct definintion to take in stats
    int year;
    string schoolWin;
    int scoreWin;
    string schoolRunnerUp;
    int scoreRunnerUp;
} NCAAStats [Size] ;
void initializeStructure(Data& NCAAStats,  int Size);  // initialization function prototype

//function declaration
void initializeStructure(Data& NCAAStats,  int Size) {
    int Idx;
    for (Idx = 0; Idx < Size; Idx++) {
        NCAAStats[Idx].year = 0000;//line145
        NCAAStats[Idx].schoolWin = "winning school";//line146
        NCAAStats[Idx].scoreWin = 000;//line147
        NCAAStats[Idx].schoolRunnerUp = "losing school";//line148
        NCAAStats[Idx].scoreRunnerUp = 000;//line149
    }
}
//initalize the array of structures
initializeStructure(NCAAStats, Size);//line 191 function call from within main

基于上一个错误，我认为可能出于某种原因，visual studio 认为我的结构被命名为数据，大小为 100，而它是大小为 100 的 NCAAStats，但我不确定我做错了什么这是造成这种情况的原因，我们将不胜感激任何建议。

Answer 1

既然你标记了 C++，我建议你使用 C++ 特性...

#include <vector>
#include <string>
struct Data
{
  unsigned int year;
  std::string schoolWin;
  unsigned int scoreWin;
  std::string schoolRunnerUp;
  unsigned int scoreRunnerUp;

  Data() 
      : year(0)
      , schoolWin("winning school")
      , scoreWin(0)
      , schoolRunnerUp("loosing school")
      , scoreRunnerUp(0){}
}

// In main
std::vector<Data> my_data(100); // Create and initialize 100 instances of "Data".