java - 更改字段值时的 HashSet 行为

Question

我刚刚做了以下代码:

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;


public class MyClass {

    private static class MyObject {
        private int field;

        public int getField() {
            return field;
        }

        public void setField(int aField) {
            field = aField;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object other) {
            boolean result = false;
            if (other != null && other instanceof MyObject) {
                MyObject that = (MyObject) other;
                result = (this.getField() == that.getField());
            }
            return result;
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return field;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Set<MyObject> mySet = new HashSet<MyObject>();
        MyObject object = new MyObject();
        object.setField(3);
        mySet.add(object);
        object.setField(5);
        System.out.println(mySet.contains(object));
        MyObject firstElement = mySet.iterator().next();
        System.out.println("The set object: " + firstElement + " the object itself: " + object);
    }

}

它打印:

false
The set object: MyClass$MyObject@5 the object itself: MyClass$MyObject@5

基本上意味着 object 不被认为在集合中，而它的实例本身显然在集合中。这意味着如果我在集合中插入一个对象，然后更改参与 hashCode 方法计算的字段的值，那么 HashSet 方法将抢占工作正如预期的那样。这不是可能错误的太大来源吗？人们如何为此类案件辩护？

Answer 1

以下是 Set API 的引用。它解释了一切。

Note: Great care must be exercised if mutable objects are used as set elements. The behavior of a set is not specified if the value of an object is changed in a manner that affects equals comparisons while the object is an element in the set. A special case of this prohibition is that it is not permissible for a set to contain itself as an element.

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/Set.html