java - Maven: 'Package does not exist'(和其他错误)

Question

我正在使用 Maven 运行多个 selenium 自动化测试。当我在 Eclipse 中调试时，我通常只需右键单击 testing.xml 并选择 Run As > TestNG Suite。但是在Jenkins中运行需要使用mvn test来运行。但是当我运行它时，出现了几个错误:

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.6.1:compile (default-compile) on project ecom: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[15,43] package com.company.automation.ecom.pages does not exist
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[16,43] package com.company.automation.ecom.pages does not exist
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[110,13] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol:   class Header
[ERROR] location: class com.company.automation.ecom.HelperMethods
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[110,62] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol:   class Header
[ERROR] location: class com.company.automation.ecom.HelperMethods
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[113,9] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol:   class SignIn
[ERROR] location: class com.company.automation.ecom.HelperMethods
[ERROR] /Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[113,58] cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol:   class SignIn
[ERROR] location: class com.company.automation.ecom.HelperMethods

我知道文件存在，当我作为 TestNG 套件运行时，一切正常。此外，当我运行 which java -version 我得到这个:

java version "1.8.0_121"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_121-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed mode)

我知道这是某个地方的配置问题，但我对 maven/java 配置的了解还不够，无法弄清楚。 Maven 告诉我的文件已经消失了是我的文件，而且它们绝对存在。这是我的 pom.xml 文件:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.19.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <properties>
                        <property>
                            <name>listener</name>
                            <value>com.kirklands.automation.ecom.retry.MyTestListenerAdapter</value>
                        </property>
                    </properties>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.6.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <groupId>com.kirklands.automation</groupId>
    <artifactId>ecom</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>ecom</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
            <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.googlecode.json-simple</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

项目结构:

src/main/java
    {package com.company.automation.ecom}
        CreditCard.java
        HelperMethods.java
src/test/java
    {package com.company.automation.ecom.pages}
        Header.java
        SignIn.Java
        (etc...)
    {package com.company.automation.ecom.tests}
        HeaderTests.java
        (etc...)

Answer 1

您的问题似乎是由于您尝试从您的访问:

src/main/java

测试源 - 位于:

src/test/java

这是您发布的日志的确切片段:

/Users/kroe761/Documents/workspace/ecom/src/main/java/com/company/automation/ecom/HelperMethods.java:[15,43] package com.company.automation.ecom.pages does not exist

它会从另一个方面起作用:如果您将从测试范围 (src/test/java) 使用源代码 (src/main/java)。

Maven 有自己的 lifecycle .

它有一个严格的后果:

• compile - 编译项目的源代码
• test - 使用合适的单元测试框架测试编译后的源代码。这些测试不应要求打包或部署代码

并且在编译期间，您只能编译您的源代码。但是，这取决于你的测试(pages包)，暂时不能编译，因为它只会在test阶段编译。
因此编译失败。

为了解决这个问题，尝试改变你的项目结构，一点点:

src/main/java
    {package com.company.automation.ecom}
        CreditCard.java
        HelperMethods.java
    {package com.company.automation.ecom.pages}
        Header.java
        SignIn.Java
        (etc...)
src/test/java
    {package com.company.automation.ecom.tests}
        HeaderTests.java

并且您的测试应该毫无问题地使用源(核心和页面)。