c# - 二叉树后序遍历，非递归，无节点标志

Question

还有其他方法吗？刚花了 2 个小时试图弄清楚。我有一个解决方案(请参阅下面的 DumpPostOrder)但是，是否有更好或更有效的方法？感觉可能有。规则是 - 没有递归，节点不能有访问标志。即，您只能使用左+右成员。

我的方法是在这个过程中摧毁这棵树。通过将每边的子节点设置为 null，您可以将节点标记为已遍历一次，但我也会两次查看每个有子节点的节点 :(。有没有更好更快的方法？(对我的预序和中序实现的评论表示赞赏但不是必需的(即，将投票，但不标记答案)。谢谢!

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace BinaryTreeNoRecursion
{
    public class TreeNode<T>
    {
        public T Value { get; set; }

        public TreeNode<T> Left { get; set; }
        public TreeNode<T> Right { get; set; }

        public TreeNode(T inValue)
        {            
            Value = inValue;
        }

        public TreeNode(TreeNode<T> left, TreeNode<T> right, T inValue)
        {
            Left = left;
            Right = right;
            Value = inValue;
        }
    }

    public class BinaryTree<T>
    {
        private TreeNode<T> root;
        public TreeNode<T> Root
        {
            get { return root; }            
        }

        public BinaryTree(TreeNode<T> inRoot)
        {
            root = inRoot;
        }

        public void DumpPreOrder(T[] testme)
        {
            Stack<TreeNode<T>> stack = new Stack<TreeNode<T>>();
            stack.Push(root);
            int count =0;
            while (true)
            {
                if (stack.Count == 0) break;

                TreeNode<T> temp = stack.Pop();                

                if (!testme[count].Equals(temp.Value)) throw new Exception("fail");

                if (temp.Right != null)
                {
                    stack.Push(temp.Right);
                }

                if (temp.Left != null)
                {
                    stack.Push(temp.Left);
                }

                count++;
            }

        }

        public void DumpPostOrder(T[] testme)
        {

            Stack<TreeNode<T>> stack = new Stack<TreeNode<T>>();
            TreeNode<T> node = root;
            TreeNode<T> temp;
            int count = 0;
            while(node!=null || stack.Count!=0) 
            {   
                if (node!=null)
                {
                    if (node.Left!=null)
                    {                       
                        temp = node;
                        node = node.Left;
                        temp.Left = null;
                        stack.Push(temp);                        

                    }
                    else
                    if (node.Right !=null)
                    {
                        temp = node;
                        node = node.Right;
                        temp.Right= null;
                        stack.Push(temp);
                    }           
                    else //if the children are null
                    {
                        if (!testme[count].Equals(node.Value)) throw new Exception("fail");
                        count++;
                        if (stack.Count != 0)
                        {
                            node = stack.Pop();
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            node = null;
                        }
                    }       
                }
            }

        }

        public void DumpInOrder(T[] testme)
        {

            Stack<TreeNode<T>> stack = new Stack<TreeNode<T>>();            
            TreeNode<T> temp = root;
            int count = 0;
            while (stack.Count!=0 || temp!=null)
            {                
                if (temp != null)
                {                    
                    stack.Push(temp);
                    temp = temp.Left;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp = stack.Pop();
                    if (!testme[count].Equals(temp.Value)) throw new Exception("fail");
                    count++;          
                    temp = temp.Right;
                }

            }
        }

    }


    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //create a simple tree
            TreeNode<int> node = new TreeNode<int>(100);
            node.Left = new  TreeNode<int>(50);
            node.Right = new  TreeNode<int>(150);
            node.Left.Left = new TreeNode<int>(25);
            node.Left.Right = new TreeNode<int>(75);
            node.Right.Left  = new TreeNode<int>(125);
            node.Right.Right = new TreeNode<int>(175);
            node.Right.Left.Left = new TreeNode<int>(110);

            int[] preOrderResult = { 100, 50, 25, 75, 150, 125, 110, 175};
            int[] inOrderResult = { 25, 50, 75, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175};
            int[] postOrderResult = { 25, 75, 50, 110, 125, 175, 150, 100 };
            BinaryTree<int> binTree = new BinaryTree<int>(node);

            //do the dumps, verify output
            binTree.DumpPreOrder(preOrderResult);
            binTree.DumpInOrder(inOrderResult);
            binTree.DumpPostOrder(postOrderResult);
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

在我看来，在穿越这棵树的同时摧毁它是相当残忍的。

您当前正在构建访问过的节点集合。

您通过将节点设置为空来将节点标记为已访问。

您能不能通过检查集合中的节点来检查访问情况？为了提高效率，您可能不需要使用 Stack，但这是一个实现细节。