java - 如何使用 JUnit 在 Spring 中获取数据库连接？

Question

我正在尝试使用服务和方法的正确逻辑来测试数据库提供的正确信息。在这个简单的示例中，我仅使用语句 assertEquals 来比较为 roleService 提供的 id，但我仍然遇到错误。我有以下代码:

[更新]

测试方法:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })
@Transactional
@WebAppConfiguration
@ComponentScan(basePackages ={ "com.project.surveyengine" },
            excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = Configuration.class) ,
                              @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = WebConfig.class)})
public class RoleServiceTest {

@Configuration
    static class ContextConfiguration {    
        @Bean
        public RoleService roleService() {
            RoleService roleService = new RoleService();
            // set properties, etc.
            return roleService;
        }
    }

    private final LocalServiceTestHelper helper =
            new LocalServiceTestHelper(new LocalDatastoreServiceTestConfig()
                    .setDefaultHighRepJobPolicyUnappliedJobPercentage(100));

    private Closeable closeable;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        helper.setUp();
        ObjectifyService.register(Role.class);
        closeable = ObjectifyService.begin();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        closeable.close();
        helper.tearDown();
    }

    @Autowired
    private RoleService roleService;

    @Test
    public void existsRole() throws Exception{
        Role role = roleService.getByName("ROLE_ADMIN");
        assertEquals("Correct test", Long.valueOf("5067160539889664"), role.getId());
    }

}

RoleService 是使用 Google App Engine 的 objectifyService 查询数据库信息的服务类。

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config /> 

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.project.surveyengine.config"/>

    <!--Controllers-->
    <bean id="inboxController" class="com.project.surveyengine.controller.InboxController" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="mailController" class="com.project.surveyengine.controller.MailController" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="loginController" class="com.project.surveyengine.controller.LoginController" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="initController" class="com.project.surveyengine.controller.InitController" autowire="byType"></bean>

    <!--Services-->
    <bean id="answerService" class="com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.AnswerService" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="blobService" class="com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.BlobService" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="mailService" class="com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.MailService" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="caseService" class="com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.CaseService" autowire="byType"></bean>
    <bean id="roleService" class="com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.RoleService" autowire="byType"></bean>
</beans>

进入 com.project.surveyengine.config 我有以下三个类:

1)

public class MyXmlWebApplicationContext extends XmlWebApplicationContext {
    protected void initBeanDefinitionReader(XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader) {
        super.initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
        if (SystemProperty.environment.value() == SystemProperty.Environment.Value.Production) {
            beanDefinitionReader.setValidating(false);
            beanDefinitionReader.setNamespaceAware(true);
        }
    }
}

2)

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{    
  @Bean
  UrlBasedViewResolver resolver(){
    UrlBasedViewResolver resolver = new UrlBasedViewResolver();
    resolver.setPrefix("/views/");
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    resolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
    return resolver;
  }

  @Override
  public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    registry.addResourceHandler("/statics/**").addResourceLocations("/statics/");
  }    
}

3)

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityContext extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {    
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/statics/**");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .formLogin()
                //...more code
    }
}

I'm getting this errors:

Dec 20, 2016 4:40:03 PM com.google.appengine.api.datastore.dev.LocalDatastoreService init INFO: Local Datastore initialized: Type: High Replication Storage: In-memory

java.lang.NullPointerException at com.project.surveyengine.service.impl.RoleServiceTest.existsRole(RoleServiceTest.java:111)

RoleServiceTest.java:111 = assertEquals("Correct test", Long.valueOf("5067160539889664"), role.getId());

Answer 1

您是否尝试按照文档中的建议添加 @WebAppConfiguration http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/test/context/web/WebAppConfiguration.html ？

我会这样写你的测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager="txMgr", defaultRollback=false)
@Transactional
@WebAppConfiguration
@ComponentScan(basePackages ={ "com.project.surveyengine" }, excludeFilters = {
                @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = Configuration.class) })
public class RoleServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private RoleService roleService;

    @Test
    public void existsRole() throws Exception{
        Role role = roleService.getByName("ROLE_ADMIN");
        assertEquals("Correct test", Long.valueOf("5067160539889664"), role.getId());
    }

}

如你所见，我也添加了注解@WebAppConfiguration

希望对你有帮助