java - 通过比较进行字符串预测

Question

今天我醒来，想是否可以只分析每次比较之间的时间来预测字符串。

我创建了一个基本类(我知道它不是最好的算法，但它对我有用)来尝试证明这一点，答案是是。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class Test {

    public static final int iters = 1000000;
    public static final String SECRET_WORD = "85742";
    public static final char[] LETTERS = new char[] { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5',
            '6', '7', '8', '9', '0' };

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int length = calculateLength();
        System.out.println("Secret word is " + SECRET_WORD
                + " with a real length of " + SECRET_WORD.length()
                + " and a calculate Length of " + length);
        prediceText(length);

    }

    private static String prediceText(int length) {
        StringBuilder sbMain = new StringBuilder(length);
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            Map<Character, Double> map = map2();

            while (map.entrySet().size() > 1) {
                for (Entry<Character, Double> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                    String str = sbMain.toString() + entry.getKey();
                    while (str.length() < length) {
                        str += " ";
                    }
                    long[] diffs = new long[iters];
                    for (int j = 0; j < iters; j++) {
                        long timeInit = System.nanoTime();
                        if (SECRET_WORD.equals(str)) {
                        }
                        diffs[j] = System.nanoTime() - timeInit;
                    }

                    long total = 0;
                    for (long diff : diffs) {
                        total += diff;
                    }

                    entry.setValue((double) total / iters);
                }

                double min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
                char myChar = 'a';
                for (Entry<Character, Double> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                    if (entry.getValue() < min) {
                        myChar = entry.getKey();
                        min = entry.getValue();
                    }
                }
                System.out.print(".");
                map.remove(myChar);
            }

            sbMain.append(map.keySet().iterator().next());
            System.out.println("####### " + sbMain.toString() + " ######");

        }

        return sbMain.toString();
    }

    private static int calculateLength() {
        Map<Integer, Double> map = map();
        int iter = 0;
        while (map.entrySet().size() > 1) {
            for (Entry<Integer, Double> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                while (sb.length() < entry.getKey()) {
                    sb.append("a");
                }
                String str = sb.toString();
                long[] diffs = new long[iters];
                for (int i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
                    long timeInit = System.nanoTime();
                    if (SECRET_WORD.equals(str)) {
                    }
                    diffs[i] = System.nanoTime() - timeInit;
                }

                long total = 0;
                for (long diff : diffs) {
                    total += diff;
                }

                entry.setValue((double) total / iters);
            }

            double min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
            int length = 0;
            for (Entry<Integer, Double> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getValue() < min) {
                    length = entry.getKey();
                    min = entry.getValue();
                }
            }
            System.out.print(".");

            iter++;
            map.remove(length);
        }

        return map.keySet().iterator().next();
    }

    private static Map<Integer, Double> map() {
        Map<Integer, Double> map = new HashMap<Integer, Double>();
        for (int i = 1; i < 21; i++) {
            map.put(i, (double) 0);
        }
        return map;
    }

    private static Map<Character, Double> map2() {
        Map<Character, Double> map = new HashMap<Character, Double>();
        for (char myChar : LETTERS) {
            map.put(myChar, (double) 0);
        }
        return map;
    }

}

这个控制台显示:

...................Secret word is 85742 with a real length of 5 and a calculate Length of 5
.........####### 8 ######
.........####### 85 ######
.........####### 857 ######
.........####### 8574 ######
.........####### 85742 ######

那个代码可以为我预测字符串，成功率为90%，那么我认为一个好的算法可能是一个问题。

这个问题会不会有安全隐患？

Answer 1

是的，此类问题可能具有安全隐患。它叫做timing attack并在密码学中广为人知。通常使用不同的算法比较敏感数据，例如无论是否发现差异，所有符号都会比较到最后。但是应采取预防措施，因为智能 JIT 编译器可以优化您的代码，因此它仍然容易受到攻击。