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java - 使用 Apache POI 在 Excel 中创建条形图

转载 作者：塔克拉玛干 更新时间：2023-11-03 03:06:07 26 4
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我正在尝试使用 Apache POI 在 XLSX 电子表格中创建条形图，但当我尝试打开文件时，Excel 一直提示内容有问题并删除图表。这是我要执行的操作的完整代码:

public static void createBarChart() {

        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet2");
        Row row;
        Cell cell;

        row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.createCell(0);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue("HEADER 1");
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("HEADER 2");
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("HEADER 3");

        for (int r = 1; r < 5; r++) {
            row = sheet.createRow(r);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Serie " + r);
            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(123);
            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(456);
            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(789);
        }

        Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 20);

        Chart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);

        CTChart ctChart = ((XSSFChart) chart).getCTChart();

        ctChart.addNewTitle();

        CTPlotArea ctPlotArea = ctChart.getPlotArea();
        CTBarChart ctBarChart = ctPlotArea.addNewBarChart();

        ctBarChart.addNewBarDir().setVal(STBarDir.COL);
        ctBarChart.addNewGrouping().setVal(STBarGrouping.CLUSTERED);
        ctBarChart.addNewVaryColors().setVal(false);

        // First series
        CTBarSer ctBarSer = ctBarChart.addNewSer();

        ctBarSer.addNewIdx().setVal(0);
        ctBarSer.addNewOrder().setVal(0);

        // [01] Title
        CTSerTx ctSerTx = ctBarSer.addNewTx();
        CTStrRef ctSerTxStrRef = ctSerTx.addNewStrRef();
        ctSerTxStrRef.setF("Sheet2!$A$2");

        CTStrData strCache = ctSerTxStrRef.addNewStrCache();
        strCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(1);
        CTStrVal newPt = strCache.addNewPt();
        newPt.setV("Serie 1");
        newPt.setIdx(0);

        // [01] SpPr
        CTShapeProperties spPr = ctBarSer.addNewSpPr();
        CTSolidColorFillProperties solidFill = spPr.addNewSolidFill();
        solidFill.addNewSchemeClr().setVal(STSchemeColorValImpl.ACCENT_1);
        spPr.addNewLn().addNewNoFill();
        spPr.addNewEffectLst();

        // [01] Invert if negative
        ctBarSer.addNewInvertIfNegative().setVal(false);

        // [01] Series titles
        CTAxDataSource newCat = ctBarSer.addNewCat();
        CTStrRef addNewStrRef = newCat.addNewStrRef();
        addNewStrRef.setF("Sheet2!$B$1:$D$1");

        CTStrData addNewStrCache = addNewStrRef.addNewStrCache();
        addNewStrCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(3);

        CTStrVal pt1 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt1.setIdx(0);
        pt1.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(1).getStringCellValue());

        CTStrVal pt2 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt2.setIdx(1);
        pt2.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(2).getStringCellValue());

        CTStrVal pt3 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt3.setIdx(2);
        pt3.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(3).getStringCellValue());

        // [01] Series values
        CTNumDataSource newVal = ctBarSer.addNewVal();
        CTNumRef numRef = newVal.addNewNumRef();
        numRef.setF("Sheet2!$B$2:$D$2");
        CTNumData numCache = numRef.addNewNumCache();
        numCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(3);

        CTNumVal numpt1 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt1.setIdx(0);
        numpt1.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(1).getNumericCellValue()));

        CTNumVal numpt2 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt2.setIdx(1);
        numpt2.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(2).getNumericCellValue()));

        CTNumVal numpt3 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt3.setIdx(2);
        numpt3.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(3).getNumericCellValue()));

        // dLbls
        CTDLbls dLbls = ctBarChart.addNewDLbls();
        dLbls.addNewShowBubbleSize().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowLegendKey().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowCatName().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowSerName().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowPercent().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowVal().setVal(false);

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("barchart.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        wb.close();
        fileOut.close();
    }

谁能帮我找到(并解决)问题？提前致谢!

最佳答案

呸，难产 ;-)。对于不了解 Apache POI supports only ScatterCharts and LineCharts why? 背景的用户。描述了原则上如何进行。

正如我所说。先拿最简单可能的条形图进行测试。这是一个具有两个值的系列。然后你会发现你已经完全忘记了代码中的坐标轴。饼图没有轴。这就是为什么他们没有必要。但是如果没有轴，条形图将无法工作。

相反，您可以肆无忌惮地忘记所有名为“缓存”的东西。

是否需要其他东西，通过试错来决定。也可以阅读 Office OpenXML recommendation 。可能缺少所有具有 minOccurs <> "0"` 的元素会导致在打开工作簿时删除绘图。

条形图的简单示例:

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.charts.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFChart;

import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTPlotArea;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBoolean;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarSer;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTAxDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTStrRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTSerTx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTCatAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTValAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTScaling;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTLegend;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STAxPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STBarDir;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STOrientation;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STLegendPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STTickLblPos;

public class BarChart {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");

        Row row;
        Cell cell;

        row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.createCell(0);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue("HEADER 1");
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("HEADER 2");
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("HEADER 3");

        for (int r = 1; r < 5; r++) {
            row = sheet.createRow(r);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Serie " + r);
            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
        }

        Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 8, 20);

        Chart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);

        CTChart ctChart = ((XSSFChart)chart).getCTChart();
        CTPlotArea ctPlotArea = ctChart.getPlotArea();
        CTBarChart ctBarChart = ctPlotArea.addNewBarChart();
        CTBoolean ctBoolean = ctBarChart.addNewVaryColors();
        ctBoolean.setVal(true);
        ctBarChart.addNewBarDir().setVal(STBarDir.COL);

        for (int r = 2; r < 6; r++) {
           CTBarSer ctBarSer = ctBarChart.addNewSer();
           CTSerTx ctSerTx = ctBarSer.addNewTx();
           CTStrRef ctStrRef = ctSerTx.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$A$" + r);
           ctBarSer.addNewIdx().setVal(r-2);  
           CTAxDataSource cttAxDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewCat();
           ctStrRef = cttAxDataSource.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1"); 
           CTNumDataSource ctNumDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewVal();
           CTNumRef ctNumRef = ctNumDataSource.addNewNumRef();
           ctNumRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$" + r + ":$D$" + r);

           //at least the border lines in Libreoffice Calc ;-)
           ctBarSer.addNewSpPr().addNewLn().addNewSolidFill().addNewSrgbClr().setVal(new byte[] {0,0,0});   

        } 

        //telling the BarChart that it has axes and giving them Ids
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123456);
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123457);

        //cat axis
        CTCatAx ctCatAx = ctPlotArea.addNewCatAx(); 
        ctCatAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        CTScaling ctScaling = ctCatAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctCatAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctCatAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.B);
        ctCatAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctCatAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //val axis
        CTValAx ctValAx = ctPlotArea.addNewValAx(); 
        ctValAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctScaling = ctValAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctValAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctValAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.L);
        ctValAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        ctValAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //legend
        CTLegend ctLegend = ctChart.addNewLegend();
        ctLegend.addNewLegendPos().setVal(STLegendPos.B);
        ctLegend.addNewOverlay().setVal(false);

System.out.println(ctChart);

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("BarChart.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }
}

此示例需要 FAQ-N10025 中提到的所有模式 ooxml-schemas-1.3.jar 的完整 jar。

以上代码一直有效到 apache poi 3.17。

以下代码使用 apache poi 4.1.0 运行。它需要所有模式的完整 jar ooxml-schemas-1.4.jar。

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFChart;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDrawing;

import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTPlotArea;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBoolean;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarSer;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTAxDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTStrRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTSerTx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTCatAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTValAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTScaling;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTLegend;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STAxPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STBarDir;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STOrientation;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STLegendPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STTickLblPos;

public class BarChart {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");

        Row row;
        Cell cell;

        row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.createCell(0);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue("HEADER 1");
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("HEADER 2");
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("HEADER 3");

        for (int r = 1; r < 5; r++) {
            row = sheet.createRow(r);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Serie " + r);
            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
        }

        XSSFDrawing drawing = (XSSFDrawing)sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 8, 20);

        XSSFChart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);

        CTChart ctChart = ((XSSFChart)chart).getCTChart();
        CTPlotArea ctPlotArea = ctChart.getPlotArea();
        CTBarChart ctBarChart = ctPlotArea.addNewBarChart();
        CTBoolean ctBoolean = ctBarChart.addNewVaryColors();
        ctBoolean.setVal(true);
        ctBarChart.addNewBarDir().setVal(STBarDir.COL);

        for (int r = 2; r < 6; r++) {
           CTBarSer ctBarSer = ctBarChart.addNewSer();
           CTSerTx ctSerTx = ctBarSer.addNewTx();
           CTStrRef ctStrRef = ctSerTx.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$A$" + r);
           ctBarSer.addNewIdx().setVal(r-2);  
           CTAxDataSource cttAxDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewCat();
           ctStrRef = cttAxDataSource.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1"); 
           CTNumDataSource ctNumDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewVal();
           CTNumRef ctNumRef = ctNumDataSource.addNewNumRef();
           ctNumRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$" + r + ":$D$" + r);

           //at least the border lines in Libreoffice Calc ;-)
           ctBarSer.addNewSpPr().addNewLn().addNewSolidFill().addNewSrgbClr().setVal(new byte[] {0,0,0});   

        } 

        //telling the BarChart that it has axes and giving them Ids
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123456);
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123457);

        //cat axis
        CTCatAx ctCatAx = ctPlotArea.addNewCatAx(); 
        ctCatAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        CTScaling ctScaling = ctCatAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctCatAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctCatAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.B);
        ctCatAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctCatAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //val axis
        CTValAx ctValAx = ctPlotArea.addNewValAx(); 
        ctValAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctScaling = ctValAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctValAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctValAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.L);
        ctValAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        ctValAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //legend
        CTLegend ctLegend = ctChart.addNewLegend();
        ctLegend.addNewLegendPos().setVal(STLegendPos.B);
        ctLegend.addNewOverlay().setVal(false);

System.out.println(ctChart);

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("BarChart.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }
}

关于java - 使用 Apache POI 在 Excel 中创建条形图，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38913412/

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