http - 使用 301 或 303 将 http 重定向到 https

Question

当从 http 重定向到 https 时，我不确定哪个最适合我的网站。目前我正在使用 IIS 重写规则进行重定向。我读过的关于如何执行此操作的指南使用 301 或 303。在阅读 301 和 303 之后，我仍然不确定哪个最好使用。

我的理解是它们在 http 和 https 之间的重定向方面非常相似。

有什么区别吗？它会以任何方式影响 SEO 吗？

来自规范:301

The 301 (Moved Permanently) status code indicates that the target
resource has been assigned a new permanent URI and any future
references to this resource ought to use one of the enclosed URIs.
Clients with link-editing capabilities ought to automatically re-link references to the effective request URI to one or more of the new
references sent by the server, where possible.

The server SHOULD generate a Location header field in the response containing a preferred URI reference for the new permanent URI. The
user agent MAY use the Location field value for automatic
redirection. The server's response payload usually contains a short
hypertext note with a hyperlink to the new URI(s).

  Note: For historical reasons, a user agent MAY change the request
  method from POST to GET for the subsequent request.  If this
  behavior is undesired, the 307 (Temporary Redirect) status code
  can be used instead.

A 301 response is cacheable by default; i.e., unless otherwise
indicated by the method definition or explicit cache controls

303

The 303 (See Other) status code indicates that the server is
redirecting the user agent to a different resource, as indicated by a URI in the Location header field, which is intended to provide an
indirect response to the original request. A user agent can perform
a retrieval request targeting that URI (a GET or HEAD request if
using HTTP), which might also be redirected, and present the eventual result as an answer to the original request. Note that the new URI
in the Location header field is not considered equivalent to the
effective request URI.

This status code is applicable to any HTTP method. It is primarily used to allow the output of a POST action to redirect the user agent
to a selected resource, since doing so provides the information
corresponding to the POST response in a form that can be separately
identified, bookmarked, and cached, independent of the original
request.

A 303 response to a GET request indicates that the origin server does not have a representation of the target resource that can be
transferred by the server over HTTP. However, the Location field
value refers to a resource that is descriptive of the target
resource, such that making a retrieval request on that other resource might result in a representation that is useful to recipients without implying that it represents the original target resource. Note that
answers to the questions of what can be represented, what
representations are adequate, and what might be a useful description
are outside the scope of HTTP.

Except for responses to a HEAD request, the representation of a 303 response ought to contain a short hypertext note with a hyperlink to
the same URI reference provided in the Location header field.

Answer 1

谷歌说:

Redirect your users and search engines to the HTTPS page or resource with server-side 301 HTTP redirects.

我建议遵循 Google 的建议，而不是尝试实现 303 策略。

来源:https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/6073543?hl=en