arrays - 查找数组中的多数元素

Question

多数元素是出现超过数组大小一半的元素。

如何在 O(n) 中找到数组中的多数元素？

示例输入:

{2,1,2,3,4,2,1,2,2}

预期输出:

2

Answer 1

// returns -1 if there is no element that is the majority element, otherwise that element

// funda :: if there is a majority element in an array, say x, then it is okay to discard 
// a part of that array that has no majority element, the remaining array will still have
// x as the majority element

// worst case complexity :  O(n)

int findMajorityElement(int* arr, int size) { 
    int count = 0, i, majorityElement;
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (count == 0)
            majorityElement = arr[i];
        if (arr[i] == majorityElement) 
            count++;
        else
            count--;
    }
    count = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
        if (arr[i] == majorityElement)
            count++;
    if (count > size/2)
        return majorityElement;
    return -1;
}