linux - 如何根据另一个文件中的相应值来划分列？

Question

我有多个文件 (66)，我想将每个文件的第 3 列划分为其在 info.file 中的相应值，并将新值插入每个文件的第 4 列。我的手动代码是:

awk '{print $4=$3/NUmber from info.file}1' file 

但这需要我为每个单独的文件做几个小时。所以我想为所有文件自动化它。谢谢

file1:
 chrm  name  value
 4     a      8
 3     b      4

file2:
 chrm  name  value  
 3     g      6       
 5     s      12       

info.file:
 file_name    average
 file1          8
 file2          6
 file3          10

输出:

 file1:
 chrm  name  value  new_value
 4     a      8       1
 3     b      4       0.5

 file2:
 chrm  name  value  new_value
 3     g      6       1
 5     s      12      2

Answer 1

没有错误处理

$ awk 'NR==FNR {a[$1]=$2; next} 
       FNR==1  {out=FILENAME".new"; print $0, "new_value" > out; next}
               {v=$NF/a[FILENAME]; $++NF=v; print > out}' info file1 file2

将生成更新的文件

$ head file{1,2}.new | column -t

==>   file1.new  <==
chrm  name       value  new_value
4     a          8      1
3     b          4      0.5

==>   file2.new  <==
chrm  name       value  new_value
3     g          6      1
5     s          12     2

解释

NR==FNR {a[$1]=$2; next} scan the first file and save the file/value pairs in the associative array

FNR==1 in the header line of each data file

out=FILENAME".new" set a output filename

print $0, "new_value" > out print existing header appended with the new column name

v=$NF/a[FILENAME] for every data line, scale the last field and assign to v

$++NF=v increment number of fields and assign the new computed value to the last field

print > out print the new line to the same file set before

info file1 file2 the list of files should be preceded by the info file