c++ - 未定义对 'function' 的引用——链接器问题？

Question

我目前正在尝试在 Linux 终端上编译和链接我的 C++ 文件。我运行的命令是:

g++ -o gameplay gamePlay.cpp player.cpp main.cpp display.cpp -lcurses

该命令似乎可以完美地编译所有内容，但是一旦它尝试链接内容，我就会遇到 2 个错误。

undefined reference to 'gamePlay::deal(std::vector<card, std::allocator<card> >, std::vector<player, std::alloator<player> >)'

undefined reference to 'gamePlay::score(player)'

下面是我的 gamePlay.CPP 文件。我真的迷路了，非常感谢任何帮助!

#include "gamePlay.h"
#include <cstdlib>
#include <sstream>

int gamePlay::compareCenter(int leadplayer){
int highest = center[leadplayer].getCardNum();
if(center[leadplayer].getCardNum() == 1)
    highest = center[leadplayer].getCardNum() + 13;
int suit = center[leadplayer].getSuit();
int player = leadplayer;

for(int i = leadplayer+1; i < leadplayer+4; i++)
{
    if((suit != 1) && (center[i%4].getSuit() == 1))
    {
       player = i%4;
       suit = 1;
       highest = center[i%4].getCardNum();
    }
    else if(suit == center[i%4].getSuit())
        if(center[i].getCardNum() == 1){
            player = i % 4;
            highest = center[i].getCardNum() + 13;
        }
        if(highest < center[i%4].getCardNum())
        {
            player = i%4;
            highest = center[i%4].getCardNum();
        }

}
players.at(player).setTricksTaken(players.at(player).getTricksTaken()+1);
return player;
}

vector <card> createDeck() {
//Create the Deck and create each suit by calling define cards.
vector <card> deck;
for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++){
    for(int j = 1; j <= 13; j++){
        card newCard (i,j);
        deck.push_back(newCard);
    }
}
random_shuffle (deck.begin(), deck.end());
return deck;
}

void gamePlay::deal(vector <card> &deck, vector <player> players){
for(int j = 0; j<4; j++){
    for(int i = 0; i<13; i++){
    players.at(j).addCard(deck.at(0));
    deck.erase(deck.begin());
    }
}
}

bool containSuit(card lead, player players){
bool suit = false;
for(int i = 0; i < players.getHand().size(); i++){
    if(lead.getSuit() == players.getHand().at(i).getSuit())
        suit = true;
}
return suit;
}

bool gamePlay::onlySpade(player play){
for(int i = 0; i<play.getHand().size(); i++){
    if(play.getHand().at(i).getSuit()!=1)
    return false;
}
return true;
}

int gamePlay::handCheck(int xevent, int yevent, vector <player> players, int     trickStart){
        for(int i = 1; i < 14; i++){
            if(xevent<(i*6) && yevent>17 && yevent<23 &&      players.at(0).getHand().at(i-1).getSuit() != 0 && players.at(0).getHand().at(i-  1).getCardNum() != 0){
                card playedCard = players.at(0).getHand().at(i-1);
                //first check to find card on display
                //check to see if leading or not
                //if leading use spadesBroken function
                //if not leading use contains suit function
                if(trickStart==0 && !getSpadesBroken()){
                    if(onlySpade(players.at(0)))
                        return i;
                    else if(playedCard.getSuit() != 1)
                        return i;
                    else
                        return NULL;
                }
                if(trickStart == 0 && getSpadesBroken())
                    return i;
                if(trickStart > 0 &&  containSuit(center[trickStart],players.at(0))){
                        if(playedCard.getSuit()==center[trickStart].getSuit())
                        return i;
                }
                if(trickStart > 0 &&    !containSuit(center[trickStart],players.at(0)))
                    return i;
                else
                    return NULL;
            }
        }
}

void gamePlay::displayHand(){
int offset = 0;
    for(int i =0; i<players.at(0).getHand().size(); i++){
        monitor.displayCard(offset, 18,     players.at(0).getHand().at(i).getSuit(), players.at(0).getHand().at(i).getCardNum(), 0);
        offset+=6;
    }
}
void gamePlay::humanPlay(int trickStart){
    int xevent, yevent;
    int key = monitor.captureInput();
    for(;;){
        mvprintw(8,26,"Please choose a card to play.");
        // if a mouse event occurred
        if (key == -1) {
            xevent = monitor.getMouseEventX();
            yevent = monitor.getMouseEventY();
            int handCh = handCheck(xevent, yevent, players,    trickStart);
            if(handCh != NULL){
                card played = players.at(0).getHand().at(handCh-1);
                players.at(0).getHand().at(handCh-1).setCardNum(0);
                players.at(0).getHand().at(handCh-1).setSuit(0);
                center[0]= played;
                monitor.displayCard(34, 11, center[0].getSuit(),   center[0].getCardNum(), 0);
                displayHand();
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}
void gamePlay::CPUplay(int trickStart, int CPU){
    bool goodCard = false;
    card playedCard =players.at(CPU).getHand().at(0);
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < players.at(CPU).getHand().size(); i++){
             playedCard = players.at(CPU).getHand().at(i);
                //check to see if leading or not
                //if leading use spadesBroken function
                //if not leading use contains suit function
                if(trickStart==CPU && !getSpadesBroken()){
                    if(onlySpade(players.at(CPU)))
                        break;
                    if(playedCard.getSuit()!=1)
                        break;
                }
                if(trickStart == CPU && getSpadesBroken())
                    break;
                if(trickStart != CPU &&   containSuit(center[trickStart], players.at(CPU))){
                        if(playedCard.getSuit()==center[trickStart].getSuit())
                        break;
                }
                if(trickStart != CPU &&   !containSuit(center[trickStart], players.at(CPU)))
                    break;
    }
                players.at(CPU).getHand().at(i).setCardNum(0);
                players.at(CPU).getHand().at(i).setSuit(0);
                center[CPU]= playedCard;
                if(CPU==1)
                monitor.displayCard(29, 7, center[CPU].getSuit(),  center[CPU].getCardNum(), 0);
                if(CPU==2)
                monitor.displayCard(39, 2, center[CPU].getSuit(), center[CPU].getCardNum(), 0);
                if(CPU==3)
                monitor.displayCard(49, 7, center[CPU].getSuit(), center[CPU].getCardNum(), 0);
}


void gamePlay::score(player play){

int trickOver = play.getBid()-play.getTricksTaken(); // Calculate the difference   between bid and actually taken.

//Bidding Double Nil (if gets it 200 points other wise -200 points)
if(play.getDoubleNil()){
    if(play.getTricksTaken()==0) //player did get Double Nil successfully
        play.setScore(play.getScore()+200); // add 200 points
    else
        play.setScore(play.getScore()-200);
}
if(play.getBid()==0){ //Bidding Nil (if gets it 100 points other wise -100 points)
    if(play.getTricksTaken()==0) //player did get Nil successfully
        play.setScore(play.getScore()+100); //add 100 points
    else //player didnt get Nil
        play.setScore(play.getScore()-100); //take away 100 points
}
if(trickOver>0){ //player bids more than number of tricks won
    play.setScore((trickOver*-10));  //decrease score by 10 poitns for every   overtrick
}
if(trickOver<0){ //player bids less then number of tricks won
    play.setSandBag(play.getSandBag() + 1); //increase sandbag by 1
    play.setScore((trickOver*(-1))+(10*(play.getBid()))); //increase 10 points   per trick bid on and 1 point per trick over
}
if(play.getSandBag()>10){ //check for sandbagging
    play.setScore(play.getScore()-100);
}
play.setBid(NULL); //reset players bid to NULL
play.setDoubleNil(false); //Player has not yet bid double NILL.
}

void gamePlay::runGame(){

for(int i = 0; i<4; i++){ //Creates 4 players with hands included
    player play;
    players.push_back(play);
}

int count = 0;
int handStart = 0;
while(players.at(0).getScore()<500 || players.at(1).getScore()<500 ||   players.at(2).getScore()<500 || players.at(3).getScore()<500)
{
    int xevent;
    int yevent;
    for(;;){
        mvprintw(3,2,"Click here to bid Double Nil or type out your bid   now.");
        int key = monitor.captureInput();
        monitor.drawBox(7, 4, 3, 2, 0);
        monitor.drawBox(7, 4, 3, 2, 0);
        if (key == -1) {
            xevent = monitor.getMouseEventX();
            yevent = monitor.getMouseEventY();
            break;
        }
        if (key > 0){
        stringstream messageString;
        messageString.str("");
        messageString << "Your bid is now: " << key;
        monitor.bannerBottom(messageString.str());
        players.at(0).setBid(key);
        break;
        }
    }
    if((xevent>=7 && xevent<=10)&&(yevent>=4 && yevent <=6)){
        players.at(0).setDoubleNil(true);
    }

    vector <card> deck = createDeck();

    deal(deck, players);
    displayHand();
    int trickStart = handStart;
    int count = 0;
    while(count<13){
    switch (trickStart)
    {
    case 0: humanPlay(trickStart);
            CPUplay(trickStart,1);
            CPUplay(trickStart,2);
            CPUplay(trickStart,3);
    case 1: CPUplay(trickStart,3);
            humanPlay(trickStart);
            CPUplay(trickStart,1);
            CPUplay(trickStart,2);
    case 2: CPUplay(trickStart,2);
            CPUplay(trickStart,3);
            humanPlay(trickStart);
            CPUplay(trickStart,1);
    case 3: CPUplay(trickStart,1);
            CPUplay(trickStart,2);
            CPUplay(trickStart,3);
            humanPlay(trickStart);
    }
    trickStart = compareCenter(trickStart);
    }
    for(int n =0; n<4;n++)
        score(players.at(n));

    handStart = (handStart +1) % 4;
}
}

这也是我的 card.h 文件

using namespace std;

class card { //Create cards for deck
int cardSuit;
int cardNum;
public:

    int getSuit() {return cardSuit;}
    int getCardNum() {return cardNum;}
    void setSuit(int a){ cardSuit = a;}
    void setCardNum(int a){cardNum = a;}
    card (int suit, int number){cardSuit = suit; cardNum = number;}
    card (void){cardSuit = 0; cardNum= 0;}
};

Answer 1

你已经定义了一个独立的函数

void deal(vector <card> &deck, vector <player> players){
for(int j = 0; j<4; j++){
    for(int i = 0; i<13; i++){
    players.at(j).addCard(deck.at(0));
    deck.erase(deck.begin());
    }
}
}

而我想你打算定义成员函数 gameplay::deal

void gameplay::deal(vector <card> &deck, vector <player> players){
//...   
}

正如 jmp 在评论中正确注意到的那样，您的 score 函数也是如此。

此外，我将通过引用传递 players，因为您似乎在播放器上调用了 addCard()，这意味着(我想)您需要更改传递的参数。