gpt4 book ai didi

python - 是否可以与/dev/bus/usb// 进行串行通信

转载 作者:塔克拉玛干 更新时间:2023-11-03 00:03:09 25 4
gpt4 key购买 nike

我正在从事一个项目,在该项目中,我必须与连接的任何设备(ttyS0、ttyS1 或 ttyUSB0)进行一些串行通信。幸运的是,我遇到了一个非常有用的 stackoverflow 链接:“Simple way to query connected USB devices info in Python?”。在这个链接中有一个 python 代码,它工作得很好,它提供了正确的设备名称和详细信息。

这里是示例代码:“/dev/bus/usb/005/002”是“FT232 Serial (UART)”的设备信息。那么,有没有一种方法可以找到/dev/bus/usb/005/002 与 ttyS0/ttyUSB0 的映射,或者使用设备信息直接访问 UART,并使用“/dev/bus/usb/< 进行串行通信总线 >/< 设备 >"而不是 ttyS0 或 ttyUSB0。

python 代码:

import re
import subprocess
device_re = re.compile("Bus\s+(?P<bus>\d+)\s+Device\s+(?P<device>\d+).+ID\s(?P<id>\w+:\w+)\s(?P<tag>.+)$", re.I)
df = subprocess.check_output("lsusb")
devices = []
for i in df.split('\n'):
if i:
info = device_re.match(i)
if info:
dinfo = info.groupdict()
dinfo['device'] = '/dev/bus/usb/%s/%s' % (dinfo.pop('bus'), dinfo.pop('device'))
devices.append(dinfo)
print devices

结果:

{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/001/001', 'tag': 'Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub', 'id': '1d6b:0002'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/005/002', 'tag': 'Future Technology Devices International, Ltd FT232 Serial (UART) IC', 'id': '0403:6001'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/005/001', 'tag': 'Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub', 'id': '1d6b:0001'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/004/003', 'tag': 'Lite-On Technology Corp. ', 'id': '04ca:0061'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/004/002', 'tag': 'Dell Computer Corp. ', 'id': '413c:2107'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/004/001', 'tag': 'Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub', 'id': '1d6b:0001'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/003/001', 'tag': 'Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub', 'id': '1d6b:0001'}
{'device': '/dev/bus/usb/002/001', 'tag': 'Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub', 'id': '1d6b:0001'}

感谢问候阿提夫谢赫

最佳答案

udevadm 是一个有用的工具。例如,我有这个 USB 串行适配器:

$ lsusb|grep -i prolific
Bus 001 Device 077: ID 067b:2303 Prolific Technology, Inc. PL2303 Serial Port

在其上运行 udevadm 会产生大量信息。这是它的开始:

$ udevadm info -a /dev/bus/usb/001/077

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4':
KERNEL=="1-3.4.4"
SUBSYSTEM=="usb"
DRIVER=="usb"
ATTR{authorized}=="1"
ATTR{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTR{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTR{bDeviceClass}=="00"
ATTR{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
ATTR{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTR{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTR{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
ATTR{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTR{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTR{bcdDevice}=="0300"
ATTR{bmAttributes}=="a0"
ATTR{busnum}=="1"
ATTR{configuration}==""
ATTR{devnum}=="77"
ATTR{devpath}=="3.4.4"
ATTR{idProduct}=="2303"
ATTR{idVendor}=="067b"
ATTR{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTR{manufacturer}=="Prolific Technology Inc."
ATTR{maxchild}=="0"
ATTR{product}=="USB-Serial Controller"
ATTR{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTR{removable}=="unknown"
ATTR{speed}=="12"
ATTR{urbnum}=="22"
ATTR{version}==" 2.00"

然后您可以查看 sysfs 以获取更多详细信息:

$ ls -l '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4'
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 1-3.4.4:1.0
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bcdDevice
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bConfigurationValue
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bDeviceClass
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bDeviceProtocol
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bDeviceSubClass
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bmAttributes
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bMaxPacketSize0
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bMaxPower
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bNumConfigurations
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bNumInterfaces
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 busnum
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 configuration
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 65553 Oct 11 11:03 descriptors
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 dev
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 devnum
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 devpath
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 driver -> ../../../../../../../bus/usb/drivers/usb
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 ep_00
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 idProduct
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 idVendor
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 ltm_capable
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 manufacturer
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 maxchild
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 port -> ../1-3.4:1.0/1-3.4-port4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 power
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 product
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 quirks
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 removable
--w------- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 remove
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 speed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../bus/usb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 uevent
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 urbnum
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 version

您会注意到适配器中每个已实现的 USB 设备(接口(interface)?函数?)都有一个子目录 (1-3.4.4:1.0)(在我的例子中只有一个;我有其他 4 端口 USB 串口适配器也有 4 个子目录)。如果你在那里看,你最终可以找到设备节点:

$ ls -l '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/'
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 authorized
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bAlternateSetting
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bInterfaceClass
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bInterfaceNumber
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bInterfaceProtocol
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bInterfaceSubClass
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 bNumEndpoints
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 driver -> ../../../../../../../../bus/usb/drivers/pl2303
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 ep_02
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 ep_81
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 ep_83
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 modalias
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 power
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../../bus/usb
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 supports_autosuspend
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 ttyUSB0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 uevent

$ ls -l '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0'
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 driver -> ../../../../../../../../../bus/usb-serial/drivers/pl2303
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 port_number
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 power
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../../../bus/usb-serial
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:03 tty
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:03 uevent

$ ls -l '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty'
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Oct 11 11:11 ttyUSB0

$ ls -l '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty/ttyUSB0'
total 0
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:11 dev
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:11 device -> ../../../ttyUSB0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Oct 11 11:11 power
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:11 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../../../../../class/tty
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Oct 11 11:11 uevent

$ cat '/sys//devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/tty/ttyUSB0/dev'
188:0

最后一行是设备节点的主要/次要编号,您可以在/dev 中搜索它,或者使用它来创建您自己的设备节点。

目录/sys/class/tty/列出了所有的ttys,/sys/bus/usb-serial/devices/列出了所有的USB串行适配器。从这些目录(而不是 udevadm)开始查找所有相关设备,然后确定其中一个与您关心的 USB 设备匹配可能更容易。

$ ls -l /sys/bus/usb-serial/devices/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:16 ttyUSB0 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB1 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-4/1-4:1.1/ttyUSB1/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:16 ttyUSB10 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.4/1-8.4:1.3/ttyUSB10/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB12 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.6/1-8.6:1.0/ttyUSB12/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB13 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.6/1-8.6:1.1/ttyUSB13/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB14 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.6/1-8.6:1.2/ttyUSB14/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB15 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.6/1-8.6:1.3/ttyUSB15/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB2 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-4/1-4:1.2/ttyUSB2/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB3 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-4/1-4:1.3/ttyUSB3/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:16 ttyUSB4 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.4/1-8.4:1.0/ttyUSB4/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB5 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-7/1-7:1.1/ttyUSB5/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB6 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-7/1-7:1.2/ttyUSB6/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 6 13:48 ttyUSB7 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-7/1-7:1.3/ttyUSB7/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:16 ttyUSB8 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.4/1-8.4:1.1/ttyUSB8/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 11 11:16 ttyUSB9 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-8/1-8.4/1-8.4:1.2/ttyUSB9/

如果您假设可以使用这些路径名(链接值)并转到 ../.. 并找到 USB 设备,并找到它的总线/开发编号。我/认为/这是安全的,但这取决于不同的 USB 设备/驱动程序是否始终以相同的方式布置它们的 sysfs,我相信它们对给定的设备类型也是如此。

$ cat '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/../../busnum'
1
$ cat '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.4/1-3.4.4/1-3.4.4:1.0/ttyUSB0/../../devnum'
77

一般来说,sysfs包含了你想要的所有信息;你只需要弄清楚如何遍历它。

关于python - 是否可以与/dev/bus/usb/<bus>/<device> 进行串行通信,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54630344/

25 4 0
Copyright 2021 - 2024 cfsdn All Rights Reserved 蜀ICP备2022000587号
广告合作:1813099741@qq.com 6ren.com