c++ - 从源代码 : configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables 构建 gcc 5.2.0

Question

我正在尝试从本地 $HOME 目录中的源代码构建 gcc 5.2.0，但出现以下错误:

gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release> ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr/local

checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether ln works... yes
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed
checking for gawk... gawk
checking for libatomic support... yes
checking for libcilkrts support... yes
checking for libitm support... yes
checking for libsanitizer support... yes
checking for libvtv support... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name...
configure: error: in `/home/s31941/tmp/gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details.

这是 config.log 的拷贝

This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.

It was created by configure, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.64.  Invocation command line was

  $ ./configure --prefix=/home/username/usr/local

## --------- ##
## Platform. ##
## --------- ##

hostname = fmsserv
uname -m = x86_64
uname -r = 3.0.101-0.46-default
uname -s = Linux
uname -v = #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 11:04:10 UTC 2014 (8356111)

/usr/bin/uname -p = unknown
/bin/uname -X     = unknown

/bin/arch              = x86_64
/usr/bin/arch -k       = unknown
/usr/convex/getsysinfo = unknown
/usr/bin/hostinfo      = unknown
/bin/machine           = unknown
/usr/bin/oslevel       = unknown
/bin/universe          = unknown

PATH: /home/username/usr/local/bin
PATH: /home/username/tools/git/bin
PATH: /home/username/tools/java/jre1.8.0_40/bin
PATH: /home/username/tools/eclipse
PATH: .
PATH: /usr/NX/bin
PATH: /usr/lib64/mpi/gcc/openmpi/bin
PATH: /home/username/bin
PATH: /usr/local/bin
PATH: /usr/bin
PATH: /bin
PATH: /usr/bin/X11
PATH: /usr/X11R6/bin
PATH: /usr/games
PATH: /opt/kde3/bin
PATH: /usr/lib/mit/bin
PATH: /usr/lib/mit/sbin
PATH: /opt/gnome/bin
PATH: /usr/lib/qt3/bin
PATH: /home/fms/bin
PATH: /usr/gnat/bin
PATH: .


## ----------- ##
## Core tests. ##
## ----------- ##

configure:2292: checking build system type
configure:2306: result: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:2353: checking host system type
configure:2366: result: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:2386: checking target system type
configure:2399: result: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:2453: checking for a BSD-compatible install
configure:2521: result: /usr/bin/install -c
configure:2532: checking whether ln works
configure:2554: result: yes
configure:2558: checking whether ln -s works
configure:2562: result: yes
configure:2569: checking for a sed that does not truncate output
configure:2633: result: /usr/bin/sed
configure:2642: checking for gawk
configure:2658: found /usr/bin/gawk
configure:2669: result: gawk
configure:3183: checking for libatomic support
configure:3193: result: yes
configure:3202: checking for libcilkrts support
configure:3212: result: yes
configure:3240: checking for libitm support
configure:3250: result: yes
configure:3259: checking for libsanitizer support
configure:3269: result: yes
configure:3278: checking for libvtv support
configure:3288: result: yes
configure:4074: checking for gcc
configure:4090: found /usr/bin/gcc
configure:4101: result: gcc
configure:4330: checking for C compiler version
configure:4339: gcc --version >&5
gcc (SUSE Linux) 4.3.4 [gcc-4_3-branch revision 152973]
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

configure:4350: $? = 0
configure:4339: gcc -v >&5
Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-suse-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --libdir=/usr/lib64 --libexecdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java,ada --enable-checking=release --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.3 --enable-ssp --disable-libssp --with-bugurl=http://bugs.opensuse.org/ --with-pkgversion='SUSE Linux' --disable-libgcj --disable-libmudflap --with-slibdir=/lib64 --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-libstdcxx-allocator=new --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --program-suffix=-4.3 --enable-linux-futex --without-system-libunwind --with-cpu=generic --build=x86_64-suse-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.3.4 [gcc-4_3-branch revision 152973] (SUSE Linux) 
configure:4350: $? = 0
configure:4339: gcc -V >&5
gcc: '-V' option must have argument
configure:4350: $? = 1
configure:4339: gcc -qversion >&5
gcc: unrecognized option '-qversion'
gcc: no input files
configure:4350: $? = 1
configure:4370: checking for C compiler default output file name
configure:4392: gcc    conftest.c  >&5
gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1': execvp: No such file or directory
configure:4396: $? = 1
configure:4433: result: 
configure: failed program was:
| /* confdefs.h */
| #define PACKAGE_NAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_TARNAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_VERSION ""
| #define PACKAGE_STRING ""
| #define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT ""
| #define PACKAGE_URL ""
| /* end confdefs.h.  */
| 
| int
| main ()
| {
| 
|   ;
|   return 0;
| }
configure:4439: error: in `/home/username/tmp/gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release':
configure:4443: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details.

## ---------------- ##
## Cache variables. ##
## ---------------- ##

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ac_cv_env_NM_set=
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ac_cv_env_OBJCOPY_FOR_TARGET_set=
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ac_cv_env_RANLIB_set=
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ac_cv_env_READELF_FOR_TARGET_set=
ac_cv_env_READELF_FOR_TARGET_value=
ac_cv_env_READELF_set=
ac_cv_env_READELF_value=
ac_cv_env_STRIP_FOR_TARGET_set=
ac_cv_env_STRIP_FOR_TARGET_value=
ac_cv_env_STRIP_set=
ac_cv_env_STRIP_value=
ac_cv_env_WINDMC_FOR_TARGET_set=
ac_cv_env_WINDMC_FOR_TARGET_value=
ac_cv_env_WINDMC_set=
ac_cv_env_WINDMC_value=
ac_cv_env_WINDRES_FOR_TARGET_set=
ac_cv_env_WINDRES_FOR_TARGET_value=
ac_cv_env_WINDRES_set=
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ac_cv_host=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
ac_cv_path_SED=/usr/bin/sed
ac_cv_path_install='/usr/bin/install -c'
ac_cv_prog_AWK=gawk
ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC=gcc
ac_cv_target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
acx_cv_prog_LN=ln

## ----------------- ##
## Output variables. ##
## ----------------- ##

AR=''
AR_FOR_BUILD='$(AR)'
AR_FOR_TARGET=''
AS=''
AS_FOR_BUILD='$(AS)'
AS_FOR_TARGET=''
AWK='gawk'
BISON=''
BUILD_CONFIG=''
CC='gcc'
CC_FOR_BUILD='$(CC)'
CC_FOR_TARGET=''
CFLAGS=''
CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=''
CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
COMPILER_AS_FOR_TARGET=''
COMPILER_LD_FOR_TARGET=''
COMPILER_NM_FOR_TARGET=''
CONFIGURE_GDB_TK=''
CPPFLAGS=''
CXX=''
CXXFLAGS=''
CXXFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=''
CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
CXX_FOR_BUILD='$(CXX)'
CXX_FOR_TARGET=''
DEBUG_PREFIX_CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
DEFS=''
DLLTOOL=''
DLLTOOL_FOR_BUILD='$(DLLTOOL)'
DLLTOOL_FOR_TARGET=''
ECHO_C=''
ECHO_N='-n'
ECHO_T=''
EXEEXT=''
EXPECT=''
EXTRA_CONFIGARGS_LIBJAVA='--disable-static'
FLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
FLEX=''
GCC_FOR_TARGET=''
GCC_SHLIB_SUBDIR=''
GCJ_FOR_BUILD='$(GCJ)'
GCJ_FOR_TARGET=''
GDB_TK=''
GFORTRAN_FOR_BUILD='$(GFORTRAN)'
GFORTRAN_FOR_TARGET=''
GNATBIND=''
GNATMAKE=''
GOC_FOR_BUILD='$(GOC)'
GOC_FOR_TARGET=''
INSTALL_DATA='${INSTALL} -m 644'
INSTALL_GDB_TK=''
INSTALL_PROGRAM='${INSTALL}'
INSTALL_SCRIPT='${INSTALL}'
LD=''
LDFLAGS=''
LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=''
LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
LD_FOR_BUILD='$(LD)'
LD_FOR_TARGET=''
LEX=''
LIBOBJS=''
LIBS=''
LIPO=''
LIPO_FOR_TARGET=''
LN='ln'
LN_S='ln -s'
LTLIBOBJS=''
M4=''
MAINT=''
MAINTAINER_MODE_FALSE=''
MAINTAINER_MODE_TRUE=''
MAKEINFO=''
NM=''
NM_FOR_BUILD='$(NM)'
NM_FOR_TARGET=''
OBJCOPY=''
OBJCOPY_FOR_TARGET=''
OBJDUMP=''
OBJDUMP_FOR_TARGET=''
OBJEXT=''
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=''
PACKAGE_NAME=''
PACKAGE_STRING=''
PACKAGE_TARNAME=''
PACKAGE_URL=''
PACKAGE_VERSION=''
PATH_SEPARATOR=':'
RANLIB=''
RANLIB_FOR_BUILD='$(RANLIB)'
RANLIB_FOR_TARGET=''
RAW_CXX_FOR_TARGET=''
READELF=''
READELF_FOR_TARGET=''
RPATH_ENVVAR=''
RUNTEST=''
SED='/usr/bin/sed'
SHELL='/bin/sh'
STRIP=''
STRIP_FOR_TARGET=''
SYSROOT_CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=''
TOPLEVEL_CONFIGURE_ARGUMENTS='./configure --prefix=/home/username/usr/local'
WINDMC=''
WINDMC_FOR_BUILD='$(WINDMC)'
WINDMC_FOR_TARGET=''
WINDRES=''
WINDRES_FOR_BUILD='$(WINDRES)'
WINDRES_FOR_TARGET=''
YACC=''
ac_ct_CC='gcc'
ac_ct_CXX=''
bindir='${exec_prefix}/bin'
build='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
build_alias=''
build_configargs=''
build_configdirs='build-libiberty build-libcpp build-texinfo build-flex build-bison build-m4 build-fixincludes'
build_cpu='x86_64'
build_libsubdir='build-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
build_noncanonical='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
build_os='linux-gnu'
build_subdir='build-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
build_tooldir=''
build_vendor='unknown'
compare_exclusions=''
configdirs='intl libiberty opcodes bfd readline tcl tk itcl libgui zlib libbacktrace libcpp libdecnumber gmp mpfr mpc isl libelf libiconv texinfo flex bison binutils gas ld fixincludes gcc cgen sid sim gdb gprof etc expect dejagnu m4 utils guile fastjar gnattools libcc1 gotools'
datadir='${datarootdir}'
datarootdir='${prefix}/share'
do_compare=''
docdir='${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE}'
dvidir='${docdir}'
exec_prefix='NONE'
extra_host_libiberty_configure_flags=''
extra_isl_gmp_configure_flags=''
extra_liboffloadmic_configure_flags=''
extra_linker_plugin_configure_flags=''
extra_linker_plugin_flags=''
extra_mpc_gmp_configure_flags=''
extra_mpc_mpfr_configure_flags=''
extra_mpfr_configure_flags=''
gmpinc=''
gmplibs=''
host='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
host_alias=''
host_configargs=''
host_cpu='x86_64'
host_noncanonical='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
host_os='linux-gnu'
host_shared=''
host_subdir='host-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
host_vendor='unknown'
htmldir='${docdir}'
includedir='${prefix}/include'
infodir='${datarootdir}/info'
islinc=''
isllibs=''
libdir='${exec_prefix}/lib'
libexecdir='${exec_prefix}/libexec'
localedir='${datarootdir}/locale'
localstatedir='${prefix}/var'
mandir='${datarootdir}/man'
oldincludedir='/usr/include'
pdfdir='${docdir}'
poststage1_ldflags=''
poststage1_libs=''
prefix='/home/username/usr/local'
program_transform_name='s,y,y,'
psdir='${docdir}'
sbindir='${exec_prefix}/sbin'
sharedstatedir='${prefix}/com'
stage1_cflags=''
stage1_checking=''
stage1_languages=''
stage1_ldflags=''
stage1_libs=''
stage2_werror_flag=''
sysconfdir='${prefix}/etc'
target='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
target_alias=''
target_configargs=''
target_configdirs='target-libgcc target-libbacktrace target-libgloss target-newlib target-libgomp target-libcilkrts target-liboffloadmic target-libatomic target-libitm target-libstdc++-v3 target-libsanitizer target-libvtv target-libmpx target-libssp target-libquadmath target-libgfortran target-boehm-gc target-libffi target-zlib target-libjava target-libobjc target-libada target-libgo target-rda'
target_cpu='x86_64'
target_noncanonical='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
target_os='linux-gnu'
target_subdir='x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
target_vendor='unknown'
tooldir=''

## ------------------- ##
## File substitutions. ##
## ------------------- ##

alphaieee_frag=''
host_makefile_frag='/dev/null'
ospace_frag=''
serialization_dependencies=''
target_makefile_frag=''

## ----------- ##
## confdefs.h. ##
## ----------- ##

/* confdefs.h */
#define PACKAGE_NAME ""
#define PACKAGE_TARNAME ""
#define PACKAGE_VERSION ""
#define PACKAGE_STRING ""
#define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT ""
#define PACKAGE_URL ""

configure: exit 77

如果您能帮助确定问题所在，我们将不胜感激。

gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release> which ld
/usr/bin/ld

gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release> which gcc
/usr/bin/gcc

gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release> ld --version
GNU ld (GNU Binutils; SUSE Linux Enterprise 11) 2.23.1
Copyright 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License version 3 or (at your option) a later version.
This program has absolutely no warranty.

gcc-gcc_5_2_0_release> gcc --version
gcc (SUSE Linux) 4.3.4 [gcc-4_3-branch revision 152973]
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Answer 1

首先是documented GCC 不应构建在其源代码树中:

First, we highly recommend that GCC be built into a separate directory from the sources which does not reside within the source tree.

然后你需要确定前缀树存在。相信您的选择$HOME/usr/local/是一个糟糕的(令人困惑)。我建议使用 $HOME/soft/相反。

如果您有 Debian 或类似的发行版，请确保 aptitude install build-dep gcc g++配置之前(您可能需要在 deb-src 文件中添加一些 /etc/apt/sources.list 行)。这将下载构建所需的所有软件GCC .别忘了 aptitude install gcc g++ build-essential在所有情况下(有一个可用的 gcc 和 g++ 系统编译器)。在 SUSE 上，尝试找到等效的包和命令:gcc-c++包，build service .

所以我建议重新开始。使用

mkdir -p -$HOME/tmp/softbuilds
mkdir -p $HOME/soft/
cd $HOME/tmp/
## the following URL is not the best one, choose carefully the server
wget http://open-source-box.org/gcc/gcc-5.2.0/gcc-5.2.0.tar.bz2
cd softbuilds
tar xvf ../gcc-5.2.0.tar.bz2
mkdir _GCC-5.2_Build
cd _GCC-5.2_Build
../gcc-5.2.0/configure --help
## you could add some other configure options here:
../gcc-5.2.0/configure --prefix=$HOME/soft --program-suffix=-mine \
      --enable-plugins --enable-languages=c,c++,jit,lto,go  \
      --enable-check=release --enable-host-shared

如果配置步骤成功，你编译它

make -j 3

然后(可能几个小时后)安装它:

make #to be sure all went ok
make install

然后添加$HOME/soft/bin/到你的 PATH (例如通过编辑 .bashrc ...)并使用 gcc-mine作为你的编译器(例如 make CC=gcc-mine )

如果您想始终使用您的 GCC，并且如果$HOME/bin/在你的 $PATH 中早 ，您可以从 $HOME/soft/bin/gcc-mine 创建符号链接(symbolic link)至 $HOME/bin/gcc (同样适用于 g++-mine ...)。

顺便说一句，您可以稍后安装 MELT GCC 的元插件。我有 released几天前(2015 年 7 月末)GC​​C 4.9 和 5.x 的 MELT 1.2.0。