android - 如何维护多层 ImageView 并根据最大的一个保持它们的纵横比？

Question

假设我有多个图像需要将一个放在另一个之上，有些可能会出现某种动画，有些甚至可能是可拖动的。

通常占据整个屏幕的最大的一个将是 Z 坐标的底部(我们称它为 backgroundImageView )，而其余所有出现在它的顶部(以及其他顶部)。

像这样:

• backgroundImageView
• imageView1，居中。
• imageView2 , 在 60%, 左上角的 60%
• ...

如果我使用 FrameLayout(这似乎是最好的解决方案)，backgroundImageView 的大小会很好地适应，但我如何强制其他层相应地调整自己的大小？

我想我需要以某种方式找到放置其他图层的位置以及如何设置它们的大小。

最简单的方法是确保所有层都具有完全相同的大小，但这可能会占用大量内存并且在动画或拖动 View 时变得非常慢。如果某些图层的内容非常少，那将是一种巨大的浪费。

Answer 1

这是一个显示带有附加层的图像的类:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.TypedValue;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.view.animation.Transformation;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class LayeredImageView extends ImageView {
    private final static String TAG = "LayeredImageView";

    private ArrayList<Layer> mLayers;
    private Matrix mDrawMatrix;

    private Resources mResources;

    public LayeredImageView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }

    public LayeredImageView(Context context, AttributeSet set) {
        super(context, set);
        init();

        int[] attrs = {
                android.R.attr.src
        };
        TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, attrs);
        TypedValue outValue = new TypedValue();
        if (a.getValue(0, outValue)) {
            setImageResource(outValue.resourceId);
        }
        a.recycle();
    }

    private void init() {
        mLayers = new ArrayList<Layer>();
        mDrawMatrix = new Matrix();
        mResources = new LayeredImageViewResources();
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean verifyDrawable(Drawable dr) {
        for (int i = 0; i < mLayers.size(); i++) {
            Layer layer = mLayers.get(i);
            if (layer.drawable == dr) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return super.verifyDrawable(dr);
    }

    @Override
    public void invalidateDrawable(Drawable dr) {
        if (verifyDrawable(dr)) {
            invalidate();
        } else {
            super.invalidateDrawable(dr);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Resources getResources() {
        return mResources;
    }

    @Override
    public void setImageBitmap(Bitmap bm) throws RuntimeException {
        String detailMessage = "setImageBitmap not supported, use: setImageDrawable() " +
                "or setImageResource()";
        throw new RuntimeException(detailMessage);
    }

    @Override
    public void setImageURI(Uri uri) throws RuntimeException {
        String detailMessage = "setImageURI not supported, use: setImageDrawable() " +
                "or setImageResource()";
        throw new RuntimeException(detailMessage);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Matrix matrix = getImageMatrix();
        if (matrix != null) {
            int numLayers = mLayers.size();
            boolean pendingAnimations = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < numLayers; i++) {
                mDrawMatrix.set(matrix);
                Layer layer = mLayers.get(i);
                if (layer.matrix != null) {
                    mDrawMatrix.preConcat(layer.matrix);
                }
                if (layer.animation == null) {
                    draw(canvas, layer.drawable, mDrawMatrix, 255);
                } else {
                    Animation a = layer.animation;
                    if (!a.isInitialized()) {
                        Rect bounds = layer.drawable.getBounds();
                        Drawable parentDrawable = getDrawable();
                        if (parentDrawable != null) {
                            Rect parentBounds = parentDrawable.getBounds();
                            a.initialize(bounds.width(), bounds.height(), parentBounds.width(), parentBounds.height());
                        } else {
                            a.initialize(bounds.width(), bounds.height(), 0, 0);
                        }
                    }
                    long currentTime = AnimationUtils.currentAnimationTimeMillis();
                    boolean running = a.getTransformation(currentTime, layer.transformation);
                    if (running) {
                        // animation is running: draw animation frame
                        Matrix animationFrameMatrix = layer.transformation.getMatrix();
                        mDrawMatrix.preConcat(animationFrameMatrix);

                        int alpha = (int) (255 * layer.transformation.getAlpha());
//    Log.d(TAG, "onDraw ********** [" + i + "], alpha: " + alpha + ", matrix: " + animationFrameMatrix);
                        draw(canvas, layer.drawable, mDrawMatrix, alpha);
                        pendingAnimations = true;
                    } else {
                        // animation ended: set it to null
                        layer.animation = null;
                        draw(canvas, layer.drawable, mDrawMatrix, 255);
                    }
                }
            }
            if (pendingAnimations) {
                // invalidate if any pending animations
                invalidate();
            }
        }
    }

    private void draw(Canvas canvas, Drawable drawable, Matrix matrix, int alpha) {
        canvas.save(Canvas.MATRIX_SAVE_FLAG);
        canvas.concat(matrix);
        drawable.setAlpha(alpha);
        drawable.draw(canvas);
        canvas.restore();
    }

    public Layer addLayer(Drawable d, Matrix m) {
        Layer layer = new Layer(d, m);
        mLayers.add(layer);
        invalidate();
        return layer;
    }

    public Layer addLayer(Drawable d) {
        return addLayer(d, null);
    }

    public Layer addLayer(int idx, Drawable d, Matrix m) {
        Layer layer = new Layer(d, m);
        mLayers.add(idx, layer);
        invalidate();
        return layer;
    }

    public Layer addLayer(int idx, Drawable d) {
        return addLayer(idx, d, null);
    }

    public void removeLayer(Layer layer) {
        layer.valid = false;
        mLayers.remove(layer);
    }

    public void removeAllLayers() {
        Iterator<Layer> iter = mLayers.iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            LayeredImageView.Layer layer = iter.next();
            layer.valid = false;
            iter.remove();
        }
        invalidate();
    }

    public int getLayersSize() {
        return mLayers.size();
    }

    public class Layer {
        private Drawable drawable;
        private Animation animation;
        private Transformation transformation;
        private Matrix matrix;
        private boolean valid;

        private Layer(Drawable d, Matrix m) {
            drawable = d;
            transformation = new Transformation();
            matrix = m;
            valid = true;
            Rect bounds = d.getBounds();
            if (bounds.isEmpty()) {
                if (d instanceof BitmapDrawable) {
                    int right = d.getIntrinsicWidth();
                    int bottom = d.getIntrinsicHeight();
                    d.setBounds(0, 0, right, bottom);
                } else {
                    String detailMessage = "drawable bounds are empty, use d.setBounds()";
                    throw new RuntimeException(detailMessage);
                }
            }
            d.setCallback(LayeredImageView.this);
        }

        public void startLayerAnimation(Animation a) throws RuntimeException {
            if (!valid) {
                String detailMessage = "this layer has already been removed";
                throw new RuntimeException(detailMessage);
            }
            transformation.clear();
            animation = a;
            if (a != null) {
                a.start();
            }
            invalidate();
        }

        public void stopLayerAnimation(int idx) throws RuntimeException {
            if (!valid) {
                String detailMessage = "this layer has already been removed";
                throw new RuntimeException(detailMessage);
            }
            if (animation != null) {
                animation = null;
                invalidate();
            }
        }
    }

    private class LayeredImageViewResources extends Resources {

        public LayeredImageViewResources() {
            super(getContext().getAssets(), new DisplayMetrics(), null);
        }

        @Override
        public Drawable getDrawable(int id) throws NotFoundException {
            Drawable d = super.getDrawable(id);
            if (d instanceof BitmapDrawable) {
                BitmapDrawable bd = (BitmapDrawable) d;
                bd.getBitmap().setDensity(DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT);
                bd.setTargetDensity(DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT);
            }
            return d;
        }
    }
}

以及如何使用它:

    final LayeredImageView v = new LayeredImageView(this);
    Resources res = v.getResources();

    v.setImageResource(R.drawable.background);

    Matrix m;

    m = new Matrix();
    m.preTranslate(81, 146); // pixels to offset
    final Layer layer1 = v.addLayer(res.getDrawable(R.drawable.layer1), m);

    m = new Matrix();
    m.preTranslate(62, 63); // pixels to offset
    final Layer layer0 = v.addLayer(0, res.getDrawable(R.drawable.layer0), m);


    final AnimationDrawable ad = new AnimationDrawable();
    ad.setOneShot(false);
    Drawable frame1, frame2;
    frame1 = res.getDrawable(R.drawable.layer0);
    frame2 = res.getDrawable(R.drawable.layer1);
    ad.addFrame(frame1, 3000);
    ad.addFrame(frame2, 1000);
    ad.addFrame(frame1, 250);
    ad.addFrame(frame2, 250);
    ad.addFrame(frame1, 250);
    ad.addFrame(frame2, 250);
    ad.addFrame(frame1, 250);
    ad.addFrame(frame2, 250);
    ad.setBounds(200, 20, 300, 120);
    v.addLayer(1, ad);
    v.post(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            ad.start();
        }
    });

    int[] colors = {
            0xeeffffff,
            0xee0038a8,
            0xeece1126,
    };
    GradientDrawable gd = new GradientDrawable(Orientation.TOP_BOTTOM, colors);
    gd.setBounds(0, 0, 100, 129);
    gd.setCornerRadius(20);
    gd.setStroke(5, 0xaa666666);
    final Matrix mm = new Matrix();
    mm.preTranslate(200, 69); // pixels to offset
    mm.preRotate(20, 50, 64.5f);
    final Layer layer2 = v.addLayer(2, gd, mm);

    final Animation as = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, R.anim.anim_set);

    final Runnable action1 = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Animation a;
            Interpolator i;

            i = new Interpolator() {
                @Override
                public float getInterpolation(float input) {
                    return (float) Math.sin(input * Math.PI);
                }
            };
            as.setInterpolator(i);
            layer0.startLayerAnimation(as);

            a = new TranslateAnimation(0, 0, 0, 100);
            a.setDuration(3000);
            i = new Interpolator() {
                @Override
                public float getInterpolation(float input) {
                    float output = (float) Math.sin(Math.pow(input, 2.5f) * 12 * Math.PI);
                    return (1-input) * output;
                }
            };
            a.setInterpolator(i);
            layer1.startLayerAnimation(a);

            a = new AlphaAnimation(0, 1);
            i = new Interpolator() {
                @Override
                public float getInterpolation(float input) {
                    return (float) (1 - Math.sin(input * Math.PI));
                }
            };
            a.setInterpolator(i);
            a.setDuration(2000);
            layer2.startLayerAnimation(a);
        }
    };
    OnClickListener l1 = new OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            action1.run();
        }
    };
    v.setOnClickListener(l1);
    v.postDelayed(action1, 2000);

//    final float[] values = new float[9];
//    final float[] pts = new float[2];
//    final Matrix inverse = new Matrix();;
//    OnTouchListener l = new OnTouchListener() {
//        @Override
//        public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent event) {
//            int action = event.getAction();
//            if (action != MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
//                if (inverse.isIdentity()) {
//                    v.getImageMatrix().invert(inverse);
//                    Log.d(TAG, "onTouch set inverse");
//                }
//                pts[0] = event.getX();
//                pts[1] = event.getY();
//                inverse.mapPoints(pts);
//
//                mm.getValues(values);
//                // gd's bounds are (0, 0, 100, 129);
//                values[Matrix.MTRANS_X] = pts[0] - 100 / 2;
//                values[Matrix.MTRANS_Y] = pts[1] - 129 / 2;
//                mm.setValues(values);
//                v.invalidate();
//            }
//            return false;
//        }
//    };
//    v.setOnTouchListener(l);
    setContentView(v);

anim_set.xml 看起来像:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shareInterpolator="true"
>
    <rotate
        android:fromDegrees="0"
        android:toDegrees="30"
        android:pivotX="50%"
        android:pivotY="50%"
        android:duration="2500"
    />
    <scale
        android:fromXScale="1"
        android:toXScale="1.8"
        android:fromYScale="1"
        android:toYScale="1.8"
        android:pivotX="50%"
        android:pivotY="50%"
        android:duration="2500"
    />
</set>

带有以下图片:

background.png:

layer0.png:

layer1.png:

结果是:

重要 为了防止资源在从不同的 drawable-* 文件夹加载时自动缩放，您必须使用从 LayeredImageView.getResources() 方法获取的 Resources 对象

玩得开心!