c++ - C++异常处理如何处理异常派生类？

Question

如果我正在捕获 BaseException，这是否也会捕获从 BaseException 派生的异常？异常处理是否关心继承等，还是只匹配捕获的确切异常类型？

class MyException {
...
};
class MySpecialException : public MyException {
...
};

---

void test()
{
 try {
 ...
 }
 catch (MyException &e) {
   //will this catch MySpecialException?
 }
}

Answer 1

用代码很容易解释:http://ideone.com/5HLtZ

#include <iostream>

class ExceptionBase {
};

class MyException : public ExceptionBase {
};

int main()
{
    try
    {
        throw MyException();
    }
    catch (MyException const& e) {
        std::cout<<"catch 1"<<std::endl;
    }
    catch (ExceptionBase const& e) {
        std::cout<<"should not catch 1"<<std::endl;
    }

    ////////
    try
    {
        throw MyException();
    }
    catch (ExceptionBase const& e) {
        std::cout<<"catch 2"<<std::endl;
    }
    catch (...) {
        std::cout<<"should not catch 2"<<std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

输出:
catch 1
catch 2