c++ - operator const char* 以奇怪的方式覆盖(？)我的另一个变量

Question

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

class Vector
{
    double _x;
    double _y;
public:
    Vector(double x, double y) : _x(x), _y(y) {}
    double getX() { return _x; }
    double getY() { return _y; }

    operator const char*()
    {
        std::ostringstream os;
        os << "Vector(" << getX() << "," << getY() << ")";
        return os.str().c_str();
    }
};
int main()
{
    Vector w1(1.1,2.2);
    Vector w2(3.3,4.4);
    std::cout << "Vector w1(" << w1.getX() << ","<< w1.getY() << ")"<< std::endl;
    std::cout << "Vector w2(" << w2.getX() << ","<< w2.getY() << ")"<< std::endl;

    const char* n1 = w1;
    const char* n2 = w2;

    std::cout << n1 << std::endl;
    std::cout << n2 << std::endl;
}

这个程序的输出:

$ ./a.out 
Vector w1(1.1,2.2)
Vector w2(3.3,4.4)
Vector(3.3,4.4)
Vector(3.3,4.4)

我不明白为什么会得到输出。似乎是“const char* n2 = w2;”覆盖 n1 然后我得到两次“Vector(3.3,4.4)”。谁能给我解释一下这种现象？

Answer 1

未定义的行为有时有效(靠运气)，有时无效。

您正在返回一个指向临时本地对象的指针。指向临时本地对象的指针是通过调用 os.str().c_str() 获得的字符串对象的内部.

如果您想通过 cout 轻松打印这些对象，您可以重载运算符 <<用于输出流。喜欢:

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Vector &a)
{
   std::ostringstream os;
   os << "Vector(" << a.getX() << "," << a.getY() << ")";
   out << os.str();

   return out;
}

然后

std::cout << w1 << std::endl;
std::cout << w2 << std::endl;