java.lang.NoSuchMethodError org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.encPath

Question

我正在尝试使用 Apache HTTP 客户端库在 Android 中发出 GET 请求，但当我尝试发出请求时，我得到了以下堆栈跟踪信息。

06-17 16:19:58.891  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android E/SELinux﹕ selinux_android_seapp_context_reload: seapp_contexts file is loaded from /data/security/spota/seapp_contexts
06-17 16:19:58.891  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ Late-enabling CheckJNI
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android I/dalvikvm﹕ Could not find method org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.encPath, referenced from method org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.encodePath
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: unable to resolve static method 2455: Lorg/apache/http/client/utils/URLEncodedUtils;.encPath (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)Ljava/lang/String;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0002
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android I/dalvikvm﹕ Could not find method org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.encUric, referenced from method org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.encodeUric
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: unable to resolve static method 2456: Lorg/apache/http/client/utils/URLEncodedUtils;.encUric (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)Ljava/lang/String;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0002
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android I/dalvikvm﹕ Could not find method org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.format, referenced from method org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.encodeUrlForm
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: unable to resolve static method 2461: Lorg/apache/http/client/utils/URLEncodedUtils;.format (Ljava/lang/Iterable;Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)Ljava/lang/String;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0002
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android I/dalvikvm﹕ Could not find method org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.encUserInfo, referenced from method org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.encodeUserInfo
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: unable to resolve static method 2457: Lorg/apache/http/client/utils/URLEncodedUtils;.encUserInfo (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)Ljava/lang/String;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0002
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android I/dalvikvm﹕ Could not find method org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.parse, referenced from method org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.parseQuery
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: unable to resolve static method 2465: Lorg/apache/http/client/utils/URLEncodedUtils;.parse (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)Ljava/util/List;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/dalvikvm﹕ VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0008
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ Exception Ljava/lang/NoSuchMethodError; thrown while initializing Lcom/myapp/test/android/IHeart;
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android D/AndroidRuntime﹕ Shutting down VM
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android W/dalvikvm﹕ threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x41849898)
06-17 16:19:59.001  10605-10605/com.myapp.test.android E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils.encPath
            at org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.encodePath(URIBuilder.java:175)
            at org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.buildString(URIBuilder.java:136)
            at org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder.build(URIBuilder.java:104)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.makeGetRequest(IHeart.java:129)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.getMarketId(IHeart.java:119)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.setMarketId(IHeart.java:70)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.initializeIHeart(IHeart.java:60)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.<init>(IHeart.java:50)
            at com.myapp.test.android.IHeart.<clinit>(IHeart.java:35)
            at com.myapp.test.android.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:21)
            at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5369)
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1104)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2257)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2348)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$700(ActivityThread.java:159)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1316)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5414)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:525)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1187)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1003)
            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

所以看起来应用程序在我的代码中尝试创建 URI 对象时崩溃了。特别是，当它尝试解析 .setPath(path) 代码时。

// Make the GET request and get the response JSON.
return makeGetRequest(
        SCHEME,
        HOST,
        PATH_MARKET,
        params
);
...
private JSONObject makeGetRequest(String scheme, String host, String path, List<NameValuePair> params) {
        try {
            URI uri = new URIBuilder()
                    .setScheme(scheme)
                    .setHost(host)
                    .setPath(path)  // <-- Where the crash is happening!
                    .setParameters(params)
                    .build();

这是我的代码的样子。

MainActivity.java

公共(public)类 MainActivity 扩展 Activity {

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    IHeart.getInstance();
}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
    getMenuInflater().inflate(com.myapp.test.android.R.menu.main, menu);
    return true;
}

IHeart.java

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class IHeart {

    private static final String TAG = IHeart.class.getSimpleName();
    private static IHeart instance = new IHeart();

    private static final String SCHEME = "https";
    private static final String HOST = "api2.iheart.com";
    private static final String PATH_MARKET = "/api/v2/content/markets";

    private long mMarketId;

    public static IHeart getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }

    private IHeart() {
        initializeIHeart();
    }

    private void initializeIHeart() {
        setMarketId();
    }

    private void setMarketId() {
        try {
            JSONObject response = getMarketId("40.7127837", "-74.005941");

            if (response != null) {

                final String KEY_HITS = "hits";
                final String KEY_MARKET_ID = "marketId";

                if (response.isNull(KEY_HITS)) {
                    Log.e(TAG, KEY_HITS + " key doesn't exist in response JSON.");
                } else {
                    JSONArray hitsArray = response.getJSONArray(KEY_HITS);

                    if (hitsArray == null || hitsArray.length() == 0 || hitsArray.isNull(0)) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "Hits array is null/empty.");
                    } else {
                        JSONObject firstHitsObject = hitsArray.getJSONObject(0);

                        if (firstHitsObject == null || firstHitsObject.isNull(KEY_MARKET_ID)) {
                            Log.d(TAG, "Market ID value is null/empty/missing in JSON.");
                        } else {
                            mMarketId = firstHitsObject.getInt(KEY_MARKET_ID);
                            Log.d(TAG, "Market ID = " + mMarketId);
                        }

                    }
                }

            } else {
                Log.e(TAG, "Response JSON was null.");
            }

        } catch (JSONException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private JSONObject getMarketId(String latitude, String longitude) throws JSONException {

        // Define the params
        ArrayList<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("limit", "10"));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("lat", latitude));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("lng", longitude));

        // Make the GET request and get the response JSON.
        return makeGetRequest(
                SCHEME,
                HOST,
                PATH_MARKET,
                params
        );
    }

    private JSONObject makeGetRequest(String scheme, String host, String path, List<NameValuePair> params) {
        try {
            URI uri = new URIBuilder()
                    .setScheme(scheme)
                    .setHost(host)
                    .setPath(path)
                    .setParameters(params)
                    .build();

            Log.d(TAG, "URI = " + uri);

            // Make asyn REST call and return resulting in JSON.
            return new getRequestTask().execute(uri).get();

        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

    private class getRequestTask extends AsyncTask<URI, Void, JSONObject> {

        @Override
        protected JSONObject doInBackground(URI... params) {
            for (URI uri : params) {
                try {
                    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
                    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

                    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

                    // Read the response
                    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();

                    // Create and return JSONObject
                    if (httpEntity != null) {
                        String json = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
                        return new JSONObject(json);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            return null;
        }
    }
}

我创建了另一个项目，但这次是作为 Java 应用程序，并且能够很好地执行此代码。特别是，当 Java 应用程序遇到以下代码时，它不会像在 Android 应用程序中那样崩溃。

// Make the GET request and get the response JSON.
return makeGetRequest(
        SCHEME,
        HOST,
        PATH_MARKET,
        params
);

当我通过 Android 项目构建时，我也没有遇到任何编译错误。我实际上能够运行该应用程序，但它立即崩溃了。

如有任何指点，我们将不胜感激。

如果有帮助，这是我对 Apache HTTP 客户端的 Maven 依赖项:

pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.4</version>
</dependency>

Answer 1

Android 在其 SDK 中包含过时的 Apache HttpClient 实现如果您添加更新的 Apache Http 客户端，这会导致冲突

你应该使用 HttpClient for Android相反

Google Android 1.0 was released with a pre-BETA snapshot of Apache HttpClient. To coincide with the first Android release Apache HttpClient 4.0 APIs had to be frozen prematurely, while many of interfaces and internal structures were still not fully worked out. [...] Apache HttpClient 4.3 port for Android is intended to remedy the situation by providing official releases compatible with Google Android.

使用这个 gradle 依赖配置:

dependencies {
    /* ... */
    compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-android:4.3.3'
}

我不是maven用户，但是maven配置应该是这样的

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient-android</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.3</version>
</dependency>

你真的想使用 4.3.3，因为 4.3.4 的 android 端口还不可用。

要调用 HTTP 方法，稍微更改您的代码(注意 HttpGetHC4)

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGetHC4 httpGet = new HttpGetHC4(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

它使用不同的 URIBuilder 实现，因此无需更改客户端代码。