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javascript - 将正则表达式匹配到字符数组

转载 作者:塔克拉玛干 更新时间:2023-11-02 21:29:56 25 4
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在我制作的页面中,我需要一个特定大小的字符串环形缓冲区。为此,我使用了一个数组,只是按下并取消移位。单个索引是单个字符。我不想使用字符串,因为每次我将一个字符插入缓冲区时都会发生一个副本。现在我需要在此缓冲区上使用正则表达式。这样做的问题是,现在每次我想要匹配时,我都需要 array.join() 这样做的成本相当高......

现在我想知道是否可以直接在字符数组上使用正则表达式而不是先将其转换为字符串。

我想如果有一个可变的字符串类型我就永远不会遇到这个问题......

最佳答案

同意..! JS 字符串是不可变的,但是您对它们的连接耗时的担忧并不是很合理。我可以确认,在 Chrome、Firefox、Opera、IE11 和 Safari 中,对 1,000,000 个随机字符的数组执行 Array.prototype.join() 操作需要大约 10~40 毫秒,具体取决于引擎。是的……就是这样。 (尤其是蜘蛛猴大放异彩)让我们看看

var   arr = [],
match = [],
longStr = "",
count = 1000000,
start = 0,
end = 0;

for (var i=0; i<count; i++){
arr.push((+new Date()*Math.random()).toString(36)[0]);
}
start = performance.now();
longStr = arr.join("");
end = performance.now();
console.log("Concatenation took "+(end-start)+" msecs");
// Concatenation took 10.875 msecs.. Wow Firefox..!
start = performance.now();
match = longStr.match(/7{5,}/g);
!match && (match = [])
end = performance.now();
console.log("Regex match took "+(end-start)+" msecs and found " +match.length+" matches as: ", match);
//Regex match took 6.550000000046566 msecs and found 1 matches as: ["77777"]

因此,在进行了这些测试之后,我决定尝试回答您的问题。我们需要发明我们自己的可变字符串对象。实际上创建它非常简单。一个具有特殊功能的奇异数组对象,它还可以访问 Array.prototype 函数。就像字符串对象一样,它会有一个名为 primitiveValue 的额外属性,每次更新 length 属性时,我们都会执行 this.primitiveValue = this.join(); 操作这样所有访问 length 属性的 Array.prototype 函数都会自动更新 primitiveValue。如果我们有一个写繁重的工作流程,这将降低性能。好消息是我们可以完全控制如何更新 primitiveValue。如果愿意,我们可以在每次对长度属性进行写访问时跳过更新它,并且可以在将正则表达式应用于字符串内容之前手动进行更新。或者我们甚至可以将正则表达式函数添加到 RingBuffer.prototype 和猴子补丁,将 primitiveValue 作业连接到它们。这里有很多可能性。

function RingBuffer(){
this.primitiveValue = "";
this.__len;
Object.defineProperty(this, "length", {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: this.getLength,
set: this.setLength
});
}
RingBuffer.prototype = Array.prototype;
RingBuffer.prototype.constructor = RingBuffer;
RingBuffer.prototype.getLength = function(){
return this.__len;
};
RingBuffer.prototype.setLength = function(val){
this.__len = val;
this.primitiveValue = this.join("");
};
var ringu = new RingBuffer();

所以我用 100,000 个随机字符填充了 ringu。 Chrome 49 上的基准测试是这样的;

var longStr = "",
count = 100000,
start = performance.now(),
end = 0;
for (var i=1; i<=count; i++){
ringu.push((+new Date()*Math.random()).toString(36)[0]);
if (!(i % 10000)){
end = performance.now();
console.log(i/10000+". 10000 pushes done at :"+(end - start)+" msecs");
start = end;
}
}
console.log("ringu is filled with " + count + " random characters");
start = performance.now();
longStr = ringu.join("");
end = performance.now();
console.log("Last concatenation took "+(end-start)+" msecs");

1. 10000 pushes done at :1680.6399999996647 msecs
2. 10000 pushes done at :4873.2599999997765 msecs
3. 10000 pushes done at :8044.155000000261 msecs
4. 10000 pushes done at :11585.525000000373 msecs
5. 10000 pushes done at :14642.490000000224 msecs
6. 10000 pushes done at :17998.389999999665 msecs
7. 10000 pushes done at :20814.979999999516 msecs
8. 10000 pushes done at :24024.445000000298 msecs
9. 10000 pushes done at :27146.375 msecs
10. 10000 pushes done at :30347.794999999925 msecs
ringu is filled with 100000 random characters
Last concatenation took 3.510000000707805 msecs

因此,根据您进行写入的频率或在应用正则表达式之前需要连接 primitiveValue 的频率,您可以决定在何处调用 this.join("");指令。 50 万项 RingBuffer 的平均串联时间将少于 30 毫秒。

嗯……这是 SpiderMonkey 的结果。因此,如果您要在 Node.Js 上运行类似的代码,尝试 JXCore 可能更明智。配置有 Spider Monkey 或 ChakraCore 引擎,而不是带有 V8 的 Node。

1. 10000 pushes done at :710.310000000005 msecs
2. 10000 pushes done at :1831.4599999999991 msecs
3. 10000 pushes done at :3018.199999999997 msecs
4. 10000 pushes done at :4113.779999999999 msecs
5. 10000 pushes done at :5144.470000000008 msecs
6. 10000 pushes done at :6588.179999999993 msecs
7. 10000 pushes done at :7860.005000000005 msecs
8. 10000 pushes done at :8727.050000000003 msecs
9. 10000 pushes done at :9795.709999999992 msecs
10. 10000 pushes done at :10866.055000000008 msecs
ringu is filled with 100000 random characters
Last concatenation took 1.0999999999912689 msecs

关于javascript - 将正则表达式匹配到字符数组,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32811223/

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