ios - glReadPixels 通过多重采样返回 null

Question

我对 this one 也有同样的问题，但是根据这些提示，我仍然无法从 glReadPixels 获取数据。

我粘贴我的源代码，我的代码和之前的几乎一样。我在快照前设置了GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE，但是数据返回null。

创建我的帧缓冲区

- (void)createFrameBuffer {
glGenRenderbuffers(1, &colorRenderBuffer);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorRenderBuffer);
[_context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:_eaglLayer];

GLint backingWidth;
GLint backingHeight;
glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH, &backingWidth);
glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT, &backingHeight);

glGenFramebuffers(1, &defaultFrameBuffer);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, defaultFrameBuffer);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorRenderBuffer);

glGenFramebuffers(1, &sampleFramebuffer);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, sampleFramebuffer);

glGenRenderbuffers(1, &sampleColorRenderbuffer);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, sampleColorRenderbuffer);
glRenderbufferStorageMultisampleAPPLE(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 4, GL_RGBA8_OES, backingWidth, backingHeight);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, sampleColorRenderbuffer);

glGenRenderbuffers(1, &sampleDepthRenderbuffer);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, sampleDepthRenderbuffer);
glRenderbufferStorageMultisampleAPPLE(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 4, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16, backingWidth, backingHeight);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, sampleDepthRenderbuffer);

if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){
    NSAssert(true, @"buffer is not complete");
    NSLog(@"Failed to make complete framebuffer object %x", glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER));
}
}

渲染函数

- (void)render {
FC_PERFORMANCE_START();
if ([EAGLContext currentContext] !=_context) {
    [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:_context];
}
[self destoryFrameBuffer];
[self createFrameBuffer];
[self.director setup:self.frame.size contentScale:self.contentScaleFactor backgroudColor:self.backgroundColor];
[self.director mainloop];
glBindFramebuffer(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE, sampleFramebuffer);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE, defaultFrameBuffer);
glResolveMultisampleFramebufferAPPLE();
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorRenderBuffer);
const GLenum discards[]  = {GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT};
glDiscardFramebufferEXT(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE,2,discards);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, sampleFramebuffer);
[_context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER];
FC_PERFORMANCE_END("FCViewOpenGL Render");

截屏功能

- (nullable UIImage*)snapShot{
__block UIImage *ret = nil;
dispatch_sync(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE, defaultFrameBuffer);

    GLint backingWidth;
    GLint backingHeight;
    glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH, &backingWidth);
    glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT, &backingHeight);

    NSInteger x = 0, y = 0, width2 = backingWidth, height2 = backingHeight;
    NSInteger dataLength = width2 * height2 * 4;
    GLubyte *data = (GLubyte*)malloc(dataLength * sizeof(GLubyte));

    CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG();
    glReadPixels((GLint)x, (GLint)y, (GLsizei)width2, (GLsizei)height2, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
    GLenum attachments[] = {GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT   };
    glDiscardFramebufferEXT(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE, 2, attachments);
    CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG();

    CGDataProviderRef ref = CGDataProviderCreateWithData(NULL, data, dataLength, NULL);
    CGColorSpaceRef colorspace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    CGImageRef iref = CGImageCreate(width2, height2, 8, 32, width2 * 4, colorspace, kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast,
                                    ref, NULL, true, kCGRenderingIntentDefault);

    NSInteger widthInPoints, heightInPoints;
    if (NULL != UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions) {
        CGFloat scale = self.contentScaleFactor;
        widthInPoints = width2 / scale;
        heightInPoints = height2 / scale;
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(widthInPoints, heightInPoints), NO, scale);
    }
    else {
        widthInPoints = width2;
        heightInPoints = height2;
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(widthInPoints, heightInPoints));
    }

    CGContextRef cgcontext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

    CGContextSetBlendMode(cgcontext, kCGBlendModeCopy);
    CGContextDrawImage(cgcontext, CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, widthInPoints, heightInPoints), iref);

    UIImage *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    free(data);
    CFRelease(ref);
    CFRelease(colorspace);
    CGImageRelease(iref);
    ret = image;
});
return ret;
}

谁能给我一些帮助吗？

Answer 1

参见 OpenGL ES 3.2 Specification; 16.1.2 ReadPixels; page 406

An INVALID_OPERATION error is generated if the value of READ_FRAMEBUFFER_BINDING (see section 9) is non-zero, the read framebuffer is framebuffer complete, and the effective value of SAMPLE_BUFFERS for the read framebuffer is one.

....

If the read framebuffer is multisampled (its effective value of SAMPLE_BUFFERS is one) ...

另见 OpenGL-Refpages; OpenGL ES 3.0; glReadPixels :

GL_INVALID_OPERATION is generated if GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_BINDING is non-zero, the read framebuffer is complete, and the value of GL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS for the read framebuffer is greater than zero.

这意味着，您不能将 glReadPixels 用作多重采样帧缓冲区。您将获得一个 GL_INVALID_OPERATION 操作错误。使用 glGetError在 glReadPixels 之后获取错误信息。

要解决这个问题，您必须绕过传统的帧缓冲区。执行以下步骤:

• 创建第二个帧缓冲区对象，这是常规的(非多重采样)。
• 绑定(bind)用于读取的多采样帧缓冲区(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE)。
• 绑定(bind)用于绘制的常规帧缓冲区(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE)。
• 使用glBlitFramebuffer copy 将像素从多重采样(读取)帧缓冲区复制到传统(绘制)帧缓冲区。
• 复制完成后，绑定(bind)读取的常规framebuffer(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER_APPLE)。
• 最后使用 glReadPixels 从传统的帧缓冲区中读取数据。

作为替代方案，您当然可以直接从默认帧缓冲区读取像素。