java - "org.hibernate.TransactionException: nested transactions not supported"但我没有嵌套事务

Question

据我了解，当您尝试在提交前一个事务之前开始一个事务时，会发生此异常。但是，我不明白为什么在我的案例中会出现此异常。

我有一个带有以下 servlet 的网络应用程序:

@RestController
public class Hello {

/***** DAO's *******/
@Autowired
CompteDAO compteDAO;


@RequestMapping("/")
public String index() {

    String response = "";   

    /***** COMPTE TEST *****/

    response = response + "======== COMPTE TEST ========= \n";

    response = response + "Compte list : \n";


   ArrayList<Compte> comptes = (ArrayList<Compte>) compteDAO.getAllComptes();

   for(int i = 0; i < comptes.size(); i++) {
       response = response + comptes.get(i).getNomUtilisateur() + "\n";
   }

   response = response + "\n" + "Compte name = ";       
    return response;
}

这是我的 Compte 对象:

public class Compte {

    public int id;
    public String nomUtilisateur;
    public String motDePasse;
    public int typeCompte;
    public String courriel;
    public String cleAPI;
    public boolean visibleLorsDeLaCreation;
    public int joursDisponibilite;
    public int heuresDisponibilite;


    public Compte(){

    }

    public Compte(String nomUtilisateur, String motDePasse, int typeCompte, String courriel, String cleAPI,
            boolean visibleLorsDeLaCreation, int joursDisponibilite, int heuresDisponibilite) {
        this.nomUtilisateur = nomUtilisateur;
        this.motDePasse = motDePasse;
        this.typeCompte = typeCompte;
        this.courriel = courriel;
        this.cleAPI = cleAPI;
        this.visibleLorsDeLaCreation = visibleLorsDeLaCreation;
        this.joursDisponibilite = joursDisponibilite;
        this.heuresDisponibilite = heuresDisponibilite;
    }
    /** Getters and setters omitted **/
}

这是我的 DAO 的接口(interface):

public interface CompteDAO {

    public List<Compte> getAllComptes();    
}

这是它的实现:

@Repository
public class CompteDaoImpl implements CompteDAO {

@Autowired
public SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public CompteDaoImpl() {
}   


@Override
public List<Compte> getAllComptes() {
    Session currentSession = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    List<Compte> comptes;
    comptes = new ArrayList<Compte>(currentSession.createCriteria(Compte.class).list());
    return comptes;
}   

此外，这是我的 Spring 配置:

@Configuration  
@EnableTransactionManagement  
@PropertySource({ "classpath:application.properties" })  
@ComponentScan({ "ca.etsmtl.gti525, ca.etsmtl.gti525.pojo" })  
public class PersistenceConfig  
{  
  @Autowired  
  private Environment env;  

  @Bean  
  public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory() {  
     LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();  
     sessionFactory.setDataSource(restDataSource());  
     sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "ca.etsmtl.gti525" });  
     sessionFactory.setHibernateProperties(hibernateProperties());
     sessionFactory.setMappingResources(new String[] {  "mapping/Compte.hbm.xml" });

     return sessionFactory;  
  }  

 @Bean  
  public DataSource restDataSource() {  
     BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();  
     dataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));  
     dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));  
     dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.user"));  
     dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.pass"));  

     return dataSource;  
}

  @Bean
  public CompteDaoImpl compteDAO () {
      CompteDaoImpl compteDAO = new CompteDaoImpl();
      return compteDAO;
  }

  @Bean
  public SessionManagerFilter sessionManagerFilter () {
      SessionManagerFilter sessionManagerFilter = new SessionManagerFilter();
      return sessionManagerFilter;
  }

  @Bean  
  @Autowired  
  public HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {  
     HibernateTransactionManager txManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();  
     txManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);  

     return txManager;  
  }  

  @Bean  
  public PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor exceptionTranslation() {  
     return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();  
  }  

  Properties hibernateProperties() {  
     return new Properties() {  
        {  
           setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", env.getProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto"));  
           setProperty("hibernate.dialect", env.getProperty("hibernate.dialect"));  
           setProperty("hibernate.globally_quoted_identifiers", "true");  
        }  
     };  
  }  
}

关联的 application.properties 文件包含以下几行:

# jdbc.X
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/gti525
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.pass=vente

# hibernate.X
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread

最后，我有跟随的 servlet 过滤器，我从这里开始事务:

@Transactional
public class SessionManagerFilter implements Filter {

    @Autowired
    SessionFactory sessionFactory;


    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
         try {  
                Session currentSession = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
                currentSession.beginTransaction();  

                // Call the next filter (continue request processing)  
                chain.doFilter(request, response);  

                // Commit and cleanup  
                sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().getTransaction().commit(); 

            } catch (StaleObjectStateException staleEx) {  
                // Rollback, close everything, possibly compensate for any permanent changes  
                // during the conversation, and finally restart business conversation. Maybe  
                // give the user of the application a chance to merge some of his work with  
                // fresh data... what you do here depends on your applications design.  
                throw staleEx;  
            } catch (Throwable ex) {  
                // Rollback only  
                ex.printStackTrace();  
                try {  
                    if (sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().getTransaction().isActive()) {  
                        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().getTransaction().rollback();  
                    }  
                } catch (Throwable rbEx) {  

                }  

                throw new ServletException(ex);  
            }  
    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {

    }

}

在 web.xml 文件中映射如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
  <display-name>sitevente2</display-name>

     <filter>  
        <filter-name>SessionManagerFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>ca.etsmtl.gti525.SessionManagerFilter</filter-class> 
        <!-- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>    -->
    </filter>  

    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>SessionManagerFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping> 


</web-app>

当在 SessionManagerFilter 的 doFilter() 方法中调用方法 beginTransaction() 时，我得到以下堆栈跟踪:

org.hibernate.TransactionException: nested transactions not supported
at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.begin(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:154)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.beginTransaction(SessionImpl.java:1435)
at ca.etsmtl.gti525.SessionManagerFilter.doFilter(SessionManagerFilter.java:41)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:302)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:208)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy73.doFilter(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:120)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.access$000(ErrorPageFilter.java:61)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter$1.doFilterInternal(ErrorPageFilter.java:95)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:113)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
2016-03-14 22:14:32.120 ERROR 7284 --- [nio-8080-exec-2]     o.s.t.i.TransactionInterceptor           : Application exception overridden by commit exception

我不知道我做错了什么。一定有一些我不明白的框架。如果您能帮助我，我将不胜感激。

谢谢! :)

Answer 1

好的，上面的代码有几处错误。您似乎将 Transactional session 与 HTTP session 混淆了。他们是两个不同的东西。 Transactional session 是数据库调用。您将数据库调用包装在一个事务中，这样如果出现问题，整个事情都会回滚。如果您要使用 RESTful 架构，则不应使用 HTTP session ，因为 HTTP session 意味着您将状态存储在应用程序的某处。 REST 操作应该是幂等的(独立且可重复的)。使用 RESTful 架构，您应该能够执行相同的调用数千次并获得相同的结果，而不影响应用程序的任何其他部分。

在 Spring 中，通常有 3 个独立的层。您的 Controller 管理特定 对象的 HTTP 请求和响应，因此您将拥有一个 CompteController 和其他对象的 Controller 。这些 Controller 关注这些对象的 RESTful 操作。 GET、POST、PUT 和 DELETE 请求由 Controller 处理。 Controller 通常会通过调用服务类来完成此操作。服务类用于管理事务、操作对象和封装业务逻辑。 DAO 类纯粹用于数据库访问。

您遇到异常是因为您正尝试在事务 session 的同时使用 HTTP session 。由于许多不同的原因，这是错误的，并且会导致大量问题，因为这不是应该使用 @Transcational 的方式。

我将按如下方式重组您的代码:

Controller :

@RestController
public class CompteController { 

   @Autowired
   private CompteService compteService;

   @RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.GET)
   public List<Compte> getAllCompte() throws Exception {
       /** Because you've used `@RestController` you've indicated that you want your object return in JSON format by this method. **/
       return compteService.getAllCompte();
   }
   /** methods here to handle GET, POST, PUT and DELETE requests**/

}

服务层

public interface CompteService {

    public Compte getCompte(int id);

    public List<Compte> getAllCompte();

    /** Other methods to create, update, manipulate and delete Compte objects **/
}

服务实现

@Service
public class CompteServiceImpl implements CompteService {

    @Autowired
    private CompteDAO compteDao;

    @Override
    @Transctional
    public Compte getCompte(int id) {
        return compteDao.getCompte(id);
    }
    @Override
    @Transcational
    public List<Compte> getAllCompte() {
        return compteDao.getAllCompte();
    }

此处的 @Transactional 注释将被 HibernateTransactionManager 选中，它负责创建、打开、维护和关闭数据库连接。这发生在您注释 @Transactional 的方法周围。如果你把 @Transactional 放在类上，那么所有的类方法都将被包装在一个事务中。如果抛出异常，则 HibernateTransactionManager 将回滚事务并将异常传播回 Controller 。

道:

public interface CompteDAO {

    public Compte findCompte(int id);

    public List<Compte> findAllCompte();

}

DAO 实现:

@Repository
public class CompteDAOImpl implements CompteDAO {

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @Override
    public List<Compte> getAllComptes() {
        Session currentSession = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        List<Compte> comptes = currentSession.createCriteria(Compte.class).list()
        return comptes;
    }
}   

您不必将 CompteDAOImpl 声明为 @Bean，因为您使用的是 @ComponentScan，它将选取使用 @Controller< 注释的类、@RestController、@Service、@Repository、@Component 和其他几个。这些类将可用于 Autowiring 到您的其他类中。

上述代码分离使得单独测试您的 DAO、服务和 Controller 变得非常容易。它还将应用程序的逻辑与从数据库中获取对象分开。如果您认为需要显式管理数据库连接，那么一定是出了问题。

如果您特别想捕获 StaleObjectStateException 并在发生这种情况时做一些不同的事情，那么您可以执行以下操作:

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionHandlerController {

        protected static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ExceptionHandlerController.class);

    @ExceptionHandler(StaleObjectStateException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<String> handleStaleObjectStateException(StaleObjectStateException  e){
        logger.error("A stale object state exception has been thrown", e);
        /** Will return a HTTP 500 if you throw this exception **/
        return new ReponseEntity<String(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
     }
}

进一步阅读 H​​ibernate 和 Spring(披露:我就该主题创建的问答):

• Creating different relationships using Hibernate Annotations
• Eager vs Lazy Fetch Types
• How Autowiring actually works/How Spring expects to be used