java - Javafx 中的动态条形图

Question

您好，我正在尝试创建显示字段值的条形图。字段值由排序算法更改，图表应显示任何更改。

public class FXMLDocumentController implements Initializable {

    static int[] pole = new int[10]; // field
    int hodnota;

    @FXML               // bar chart
    private BarChart barChart; 

    @FXML
    private void handleButtonAction(ActionEvent ev) { //button for filling up new random graph

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            hodnota = intValue((StrictMath.random() * 100));        
            pole[i] = hodnota;
        }

        final CategoryAxis osaX = new CategoryAxis();          
        final NumberAxis osaY = new NumberAxis();
        ObservableList<XYChart.Series<String, Number>> barChartData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
        final BarChart.Series<String, Number> series1 = new BarChart.Series<>();
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("1", pole[0]));        
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("2", pole[1]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("3", pole[2]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("4", pole[3]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("5", pole[4]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("6", pole[5]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("7", pole[6]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("8", pole[7]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("9", pole[8]));
        series1.getData().add(new XYChart.Data<>("10", pole[9]));
        barChartData.add(series1);
        barChart.setData(barChartData);
    }

    @FXML // button which starts sorting algorhitm, it is changing values in field
    private void bubbleButton(ActionEvent ev) { 
        BubbleSort vlakno=new BubbleSort("vypoctoveVlakno");
        vlakno.start(); 
    }     

    @Override
    public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
        // TODO
    }
}

我已经尝试创建一个新线程来一次又一次地加载数据，但它没有用。还尝试将它们加载到 FXML Controller 中，但图形窗口卡住了。实际上我对此很陌生。

FXML 文档，main 只是从 fxml 加载阶段

<AnchorPane id="AnchorPane" prefHeight="487.0" prefWidth="610.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="radicialgoritmy.FXMLDocumentController"> 
<children>  
<Button fx:id="button" layoutX="14.0" layoutY="14.0" onAction="#handleButtonAction" text="Vygeneruj" />  
<BarChart fx:id="barChart" animated="false" cache="true" layoutX="30.0"     layoutY="188.0" legendVisible="false" prefHeight="292.0" prefWidth="552.0">  
  <xAxis>  
    <CategoryAxis fx:id="osaX" side="BOTTOM" />  
  </xAxis>  
  <yAxis>  
    <NumberAxis fx:id="osaY" side="LEFT" />  
  </yAxis>  
</BarChart>
  <Button fx:id="bubble" layoutX="100.0" layoutY="14.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#bubbleButton" text="BubbleSort" /> 

排序算法类。

class BubbleSort extends Thread {

    public BubbleSort(final String jmeno) {
        super(jmeno);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < pole.length - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < pole.length - i - 1; j++) {
                if (pole[j] < pole[j + 1]) {
                    final int tmp = pole[j];
                    pole[j] = pole[j + 1];
                    pole[j + 1] = tmp;
                }
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(250);
                } catch (final InterruptedException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(BubbleSort.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

这里是 mcve 演示了一种将变化的数据耦合到 BarChart 的机制。
还有其他方法可以实现这种“绑定(bind)”，但我尽量保持简单。
冒泡排序算法与问题无关，与答案无关, 所以最好不要考虑。 mcve 需要演示问题/答案，而不是应用程序:

import java.util.Random;
import javafx.beans.Observable;
import javafx.beans.property.IntegerProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleIntegerProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ListChangeListener.Change;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.scene.chart.BarChart;
import javafx.scene.chart.CategoryAxis;
import javafx.scene.chart.NumberAxis;
import javafx.scene.chart.XYChart;
import javafx.scene.chart.XYChart.Data;

public class FXMLDocumentController {

    @FXML private BarChart barChart;
    private ObservableList<XYChart.Series<String, Number>> barChartData;
    private ObservableList<DataItem> items;
    private  Random rnd = new Random();
    private static  int SIZE = 10;

    @FXML
    void initialize(){
        //an observable collection of DataItem objects, each representing data of one bar 
        items = FXCollections.observableArrayList(
                dataItem -> new Observable[] { dataItem.nameProperty(), dataItem.valueProperty()});
        //initialize with random values 
        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
            items.add(new DataItem(String.valueOf(i), rnd.nextInt(100)));
        }
    }

    @FXML
    private void handleButtonAction( ActionEvent ev) {

         ObservableList<Data<String, Number>> seriesData = new DataConvertor(items).getData();
         CategoryAxis osaX = new CategoryAxis();
         NumberAxis osaY = new NumberAxis();
        barChartData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
         BarChart.Series<String, Number> series1 = new BarChart.Series<>();
        series1.setData(seriesData);
        barChartData.add(series1);
        barChart.setData(barChartData);
    }

    @FXML
    private void bubbleButton( ActionEvent ev) {
        BubbleSort vlakno=new BubbleSort(items);
        vlakno.start();
    }
}

//pojo to represent items of one bar
class DataItem {

    private StringProperty name = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "name");
    private IntegerProperty value = new SimpleIntegerProperty(this, "value");

    public DataItem( String name,  int value) {
        setName(name);
        setValue(value);
    }
    public StringProperty nameProperty() {
        return name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return this.nameProperty().get();
    }
    public void setName( String name) {
        this.nameProperty().set(name);
    }
    public  IntegerProperty valueProperty() {
        return value;
    }
    public int getValue() {
        return this.valueProperty().get();
    }
    public void setValue( int value) {
        this.valueProperty().set(value);
    }
}

//simple coupling between items and graph data 
class DataConvertor{

    ObservableList<DataItem> items;
    ObservableList<Data<String, Number>>data;
     DataConvertor( ObservableList<DataItem> items) {
        super();
        this.items = items;
        data =  FXCollections.observableArrayList();
        items.forEach(item -> data.add(new Data<>(item.getName(), item.getValue())));
        items.addListener( ( Change<? extends DataItem> arg0 ) ->   update());
    }

    void update() {
        for(int i =0; i < data.size(); i++){
             Data<String, Number> d = data.get(i);
            d.setYValue(items.get(i).getValue());
        }
        data.clear();
        items.forEach(item -> data.add(new Data<>(item.getName(), item.getValue())));
    }

    ObservableList<Data<String, Number>>getData(){
        return data;
    }
}

BubbleSort 类并不真正进行排序。它只是定期和随机地改变数据:

import java.util.Random;
import javafx.animation.PauseTransition;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.util.Duration;

class BubbleSort  {

    private ObservableList<DataItem> items;
    private Random rnd = new Random();
    private PauseTransition periodicTask;
    private static final long CYCLE = 500;

    public BubbleSort(final ObservableList<DataItem> items) {
        this.items = items;
        periodicTask = new PauseTransition(Duration.millis(CYCLE));
        periodicTask.setOnFinished((e) -> {
            calculateNewValues();
            periodicTask.playFromStart();
        });
    }

    private void calculateNewValues() {
        for(DataItem d : items){
            d.setValue(rnd.nextInt(100));
        }
    }

    void start(){
        periodicTask.playFromStart();
    }
}

请注意，发布的 fxml 文件不完整。缺少这两个标签:

</children>   
</AnchorPane>