java - 基于控制台的应用程序到 Java 中基于 GUI 的应用程序

Question

我创建了(通过从互联网上收集一些代码片段)一个基于控制台的 LAN 聊天应用程序。现在我想

使用 Netbeans IDE 7.1 制作 GUI。它是一个多线程应用程序。在我基于控制台的应用程序中，每当我想显示输出时，我都会这样做

System.out.println(msg) . 

现在我想在 JFrame 窗体中完成，

jTextField1.setText(msg). 

我是否需要创建一个新的主类并创建一个 JFrameForm 实例并通过调用使其可见

new NewJFrame().setVisible(true); 

或者我应该在 JFrame 类本身中完成所有编码。我在下面展示了我的实际和工作代码(在控制台中)

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class MultiThreadChatClient implements Runnable {

  // The client socket
  private static Socket clientSocket = null;
  // The output stream
  private static PrintStream os = null;
  // The input stream
  private static DataInputStream is = null;

  private static BufferedReader inputLine = null;
  private static boolean closed = false;

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    // The default port.
    int portNumber = 2222;
    // The default host.
    String host = "127.0.0.1";

    if (args.length < 2) {
      System.out
          .println("Usage: java MultiThreadChatClient <host> <portNumber>\n"
              + "Now using host=" + host + ", portNumber=" + portNumber);
    } else {
      host = args[0];
      portNumber = Integer.valueOf(args[1]).intValue();
    }

    /*
     * Open a socket on a given host and port. Open input and output streams.
     */
    try {
      clientSocket = new Socket(host, portNumber);
      inputLine = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
      os = new PrintStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
      is = new DataInputStream(clientSocket.getInputStream());
    } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
      System.err.println("Don't know about host " + host);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Couldn't get I/O for the connection to the host "
          + host);
    }

    /*
     * If everything has been initialized then we want to write some data to the
     * socket we have opened a connection to on the port portNumber.
     */
    if (clientSocket != null && os != null && is != null) {
      try {

        /* Create a thread to read from the server. */
        new Thread(new MultiThreadChatClient()).start();
        while (!closed) {
          os.println(inputLine.readLine().trim());
        }
        /*
         * Close the output stream, close the input stream, close the socket.
         */
        os.close();
        is.close();
        clientSocket.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        System.err.println("IOException:  " + e);
      }
    }
  }

  /*
   * Create a thread to read from the server. (non-Javadoc)
   * 
   * @see java.lang.Runnable#run()
   */
  public void run() {
    /*
     * Keep on reading from the socket till we receive "Bye" from the
     * server. Once we received that then we want to break.
     */
    String responseLine;
    try {
      while ((responseLine = is.readLine()) != null) {
        System.out.println(responseLine);
        if (responseLine.indexOf("*** Bye") != -1)
          break;
      }
      closed = true;
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("IOException:  " + e);
    }
  }
}

//MultiThreadServer.java


import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;

/*
 * A chat server that delivers public and private messages.
 */
public class MultiThreadChatServer {

  // The server socket.
  private static ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
  // The client socket.
  private static Socket clientSocket = null;

  // This chat server can accept up to maxClientsCount clients' connections.
  private static final int maxClientsCount = 10;
  private static final clientThread[] threads = new clientThread[maxClientsCount];

  public static void main(String args[]) {

    // The default port number.
    int portNumber = 2222;
    if (args.length < 1) {
      System.out
          .println("Usage: java MultiThreadChatServer <portNumber>\n"
              + "Now using port number=" + portNumber);
    } else {
      portNumber = Integer.valueOf(args[0]).intValue();
    }

    /*
     * Open a server socket on the portNumber (default 2222). Note that we can
     * not choose a port less than 1023 if we are not privileged users (root).
     */
    try {
      serverSocket = new ServerSocket(portNumber);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println(e);
    }

    /*
     * Create a client socket for each connection and pass it to a new client
     * thread.
     */
    while (true) {
      try {
        clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
        int i = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < maxClientsCount; i++) {
          if (threads[i] == null) {
            (threads[i] = new clientThread(clientSocket, threads)).start();
            break;
          }
        }
        if (i == maxClientsCount) {
          PrintStream os = new PrintStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
          os.println("Server too busy. Try later.");
          os.close();
          clientSocket.close();
        }
      } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println(e);
      }
    }
  }
}

//ChatClient.java

/*
 * The chat client thread. This client thread opens the input and the output
 * streams for a particular client, ask the client's name, informs all the
 * clients connected to the server about the fact that a new client has joined
 * the chat room, and as long as it receive data, echos that data back to all
 * other clients. When a client leaves the chat room this thread informs also
 * all the clients about that and terminates.
 */
class clientThread extends Thread {

  private DataInputStream is = null;
  private PrintStream os = null;
  private Socket clientSocket = null;
  private final clientThread[] threads;
  private int maxClientsCount;

  public clientThread(Socket clientSocket, clientThread[] threads) {
    this.clientSocket = clientSocket;
    this.threads = threads;
    maxClientsCount = threads.length;
  }

  public void run() {
    int maxClientsCount = this.maxClientsCount;
    clientThread[] threads = this.threads;

    try {
      /*
       * Create input and output streams for this client.
       */
      is = new DataInputStream(clientSocket.getInputStream());
      os = new PrintStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
      os.println("Enter your name.");
      String name = is.readLine().trim();
      os.println("Hello " + name
          + " to our chat room.\nTo leave enter /quit in a new line");
      for (int i = 0; i < maxClientsCount; i++) {
        if (threads[i] != null && threads[i] != this) {
          threads[i].os.println("*** A new user " + name
              + " entered the chat room !!! ***");
        }
      }
      while (true) {
        String line = is.readLine();
        if (line.startsWith("/quit")) {
          break;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < maxClientsCount; i++) {
          if (threads[i] != null) {
            threads[i].os.println("<" + name + "&gr; " + line);
          }
        }
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < maxClientsCount; i++) {
        if (threads[i] != null && threads[i] != this) {
          threads[i].os.println("*** The user " + name
              + " is leaving the chat room !!! ***");
        }
      }
      os.println("*** Bye " + name + " ***");

      /*
       * Clean up. Set the current thread variable to null so that a new client
       * could be accepted by the server.
       */
      for (int i = 0; i < maxClientsCount; i++) {
        if (threads[i] == this) {
          threads[i] = null;
        }
      }

      /*
       * Close the output stream, close the input stream, close the socket.
       */
      is.close();
      os.close();
      clientSocket.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
  }

Answer 1

虽然严格来说不是原始问题的一部分，但控制台应用程序和 GUI 应用程序之间存在许多非常重要的区别。

首先，线程模型是不同的，您花时间了解使用它的内容、位置和方式非常重要。

首先，永远不要在 Event Dispatching Thread 中做任何事情(又名 EDT)(主 UI 线程)将阻止它，例如 IO 操作......如果可能，在另一个线程或 worker 的后台执行这些操作.

永远不要从除 EDT 之外的任何线程更新 UI 组件。 SwingWorker在某些情况下可以提供帮助，当它不能时，您需要依赖 SwingUtilities.invokeLater/invokeAndWait