java - 具有内部字段或预格式化格式的 JTextField，类似于 Windows 中的 ip 字段

Question

我想创建一个用于日期的文本字段，格式为 dd.mm.YYYY。现在我希望用户只键入数字，而不是点。所以这个领域就像:

_ _. _ _ . _ _ _ _

所以当用户想要输入日期时:例如 15.05.2010，他只会输入 15052010 序列中的数字。

我还想，当他按下向左或向右箭头时，光标从一个字段(不是 JTextField，而是 JTextField 中的字段)转到下一个字段。假设我有 JTextField，其中包含以下文本:15.05.2010 如果用户在开头并按下向右箭头，则光标应转到 .05 字段。

我希望你能理解我，因为现在我不知道如何制作这个，或者至少不知道如何在谷歌上寻找它。

Answer 1

好吧，这里有 4 个类可以解决您的问题。在我的例子中，它的版本控制但 IP 地址具有相同的结构并且很容易修改。

package com.demo.textfield.version;

import javax.swing.text.Document;



/**
 * create documents for text fields
 */
public class DocumentsFactory {


private DocumentsFactory() {}



public static Document createIntDocument() {
    return createIntDocument(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}


public static Document createIntDocument(int maxValue) {
    return createIntDocument(maxValue, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}


public static Document createIntDocument(int maxValue, int maxLength) {
    IntDocument intDocument = new IntDocument();
    intDocument.setMaxVal(maxValue);
    intDocument.setMaxLength(maxLength);
    return intDocument;
  }   
}

在接下来的类中我们定义 View :

package com.demo.textfield.version;

import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;

import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class GridbagPanel extends JPanel {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;


public static final Insets NO_INSETS = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);  

public GridBagConstraints constraints;
private GridBagLayout layout;


public GridbagPanel() {
    layout = new GridBagLayout();
    constraints = new GridBagConstraints();
    constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.NONE;
    constraints.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;       
    constraints.insets = NO_INSETS;
    setLayout(layout);
}

public void setHorizontalFill() {
    constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
}

public void setNoneFill() {
    constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.NONE;
}





public void add(Component component, int x, int y, int width, int
        height, int weightX, int weightY) {
    GridBagLayout gbl = (GridBagLayout) getLayout();

    gbl.setConstraints(component, constraints);

    add(component);
}


public void add(Component component, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
    add(component, x, y, width, height, 0, 0);
}

public void setBothFill() {
    constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
}

public void setInsets(Insets insets) {
    constraints.insets = insets;

}
}

我们使用包含我们主要逻辑的普通文档(您的更改应该在这里):

package com.demo.textfield.version;

import javax.swing.text.AttributeSet;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
import javax.swing.text.PlainDocument;


/**
 * a class for positive integers
 */
public class IntDocument extends PlainDocument {
    /**
 * 
 */
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

public static final String NUMERIC = "0123456789";

private int maxVal = -1;
private int maxLength = -1;


public IntDocument() {
    this.maxVal = -1;
    maxVal = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    maxLength = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}

public void setMaxLength(int maxLength) {
    if (maxLength < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxLength<0");
    this.maxLength = maxLength;
}

public void setMaxVal(int maxVal) {
    this.maxVal = maxVal;
}

public void insertString
        (int offset, String str, AttributeSet attr)
        throws BadLocationException {
    if (str == null)
        return;

    if (str.startsWith(" ") && offset == 0) {
        beep();
        str = "";
    }

    if (!isValidForAcceptedCharsPolicy(str))
        return;

    if (validateLength(offset, str) == false)
        return;

    if (!isValidForMaxVal(offset, str))
        return;


    super.insertString(offset, str, attr);
}

public boolean isValidForAcceptedCharsPolicy(String str) {
    if (str.equals("")) {
        beep();
        return false;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
        if (NUMERIC.indexOf(String.valueOf(str.charAt(i))) == -1) {
            beep();
            return false;
        }
    }


    return true;
}


public boolean isValidForMaxVal(int offset, String toAdd) {
    String str_temp;
    //String str_text = "";
    String str1 = "";
    String str2 = "";
    try {
        str1 = getText(0, offset);
        str2 = getText(offset, getLength() - offset);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    int i_value;

    str_temp = str1 + toAdd + str2;
    //str_temp = str_temp.trim();

    i_value = Integer.parseInt(str_temp);

    if (i_value > maxVal) {
        beep();
        return false;
    } else
        return true;
}

private boolean validateLength(int offset, String toAdd) {
    String str_temp;
    //String str_text = "";
    String str1 = "";
    String str2 = "";
    try {
        str1 = getText(0, offset);
        str2 = getText(offset, getLength() - offset);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }


    str_temp = str1 + toAdd + str2;
    if (maxLength < str_temp.length()) {
        beep();
        return false;
    } else
        return true;

}


private void beep() {
    //java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}


}

这是最后一个使用 main 方法的方法，它实现了上面发布的所有代码，你可以看到非常好的 View 。在我的例子中，我使用了由点分隔的 4 个文本字段的列表。您可以使用箭头、制表符或点从一个“窗口”跳到另一个“窗口”，或者如果您的数字长度达到 4。它将与 FocusAdapter 类的实现一起工作:

package com.demo.textfield.version;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.event.FocusAdapter;
import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;
import java.awt.event.FocusListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.FocusManager;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
import javax.swing.text.Document;




/**
* diplays an  version text field
*/
![enter image description here][1]public class VersionTextField extends GridbagPanel {


private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
 * a text field for each byte
 */
private JTextField[] textFields;

/**
 * dots between text fields
 */
private JLabel[] dotsLabels;


/**
 * used to calculate enable/disable color; never shown
 */
private static JTextField sampleTextField = new JTextField();

/**
 * listen to changes in the byte fields
 */
private MyDocumentListener documentListener;

/**
 * list of key listeners
 */
private List<KeyListener> keyListenersList;

/**
 * List of Focus Adapter that select all data in JTextFiled during action
 * */
private List<FocusAdapter> focusAdapterList;

/**
 * list of key listeners
 */
private List<FocusListener> focusListenersList;

private int maxHeight = 0;

public VersionTextField() {
    this(4);
}

/**
 * @param byteCount
 *            number of bytes to display
 */
private VersionTextField(int byteCount) {

    textFields = new JTextField[byteCount];
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        textFields[i] = new JTextField(4);

    }

    //layout
    //constraints.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);

    List<JLabel> dotsLabelsList = new ArrayList<JLabel>();

    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
        Document document = DocumentsFactory.createIntDocument(9999);
        textField.setDocument(document);

        if (i < textFields.length-1) {
            add(textField, i * 2, 0, 1, 1);
            if (textField.getPreferredSize().height > maxHeight)
                maxHeight = textField.getPreferredSize().height;
            JLabel label = new JLabel(".");



            add(label, (i * 2) + 1, 0, 1, 1);
            if (label.getPreferredSize().height > maxHeight)
                maxHeight = label.getPreferredSize().height;
            dotsLabelsList.add(label);
        } else
            add(textField, i * 2, 0, 1, 1);

    }

    //dotsLabels = new JLabel[dotsLabelsList.size()];
    dotsLabels = new JLabel[dotsLabelsList.size()];


    dotsLabels = dotsLabelsList.toArray(dotsLabels);

    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
    }

    //init
    Color backgroundColor = UIManager.getColor("TextField.background");
    setBackground(backgroundColor);
    Border border = UIManager.getBorder("TextField.border");
    setBorder(border);

    //register listeners
    for (int i = 1; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField field = textFields[i];
        field.addKeyListener(new BackKeyAdapter());
    }

    documentListener = new MyDocumentListener();
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length - 1; i++) {
        JTextField field = textFields[i];
        field.getDocument().addDocumentListener(documentListener);
        field.addKeyListener(new ForwardKeyAdapter());
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.addKeyListener(new MyKeyListener());
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.addFocusListener(new MyFocusAdapter());
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.addFocusListener(new MyFocusAdapter());
    }

    keyListenersList = new ArrayList<KeyListener>();
    focusListenersList = new ArrayList<FocusListener>();
    focusAdapterList = new ArrayList<FocusAdapter>();
}

public synchronized void addKeyListener(KeyListener l) {
    super.addKeyListener(l);
    keyListenersList.add(l);
}

public synchronized void addFocusListener(FocusListener l) {
    super.addFocusListener(l);
    if (focusListenersList != null)
        focusListenersList.add(l);
}

public synchronized void removeKeyListener(KeyListener l) {
    super.removeKeyListener(l);
    if (focusListenersList != null)
        keyListenersList.remove(l);
}

public synchronized void removeFocusListener(FocusListener l) {
    super.removeFocusListener(l);
    keyListenersList.remove(l);
}

public void setEnabled(boolean b) {
    super.setEnabled(b);
    sampleTextField.setEnabled(b);
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.setEnabled(b);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < dotsLabels.length; i++) {
        JLabel dotsLabel = dotsLabels[i];           
        dotsLabel.setEnabled(b);
    }

    setBackground(sampleTextField.getBackground());
    setForeground(sampleTextField.getForeground());
    setBorder(sampleTextField.getBorder());

}

public void requestFocus() {
    super.requestFocus();
    textFields[0].requestFocus();
}

public void setEditable(boolean b) {
    sampleTextField.setEditable(b);
    setBackground(sampleTextField.getBackground());
    setForeground(sampleTextField.getForeground());
    setBorder(sampleTextField.getBorder());
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.setEditable(b);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < dotsLabels.length; i++) {
        JLabel dotsLabel = dotsLabels[i];


        dotsLabel.setForeground(sampleTextField.getForeground());
    }
}

public boolean isFieldEmpty() {
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        String sCell = textField.getText().trim();
        if (!(sCell.equals("")))
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}




public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
    if (super.getPreferredSize().height > maxHeight)
        maxHeight = super.getPreferredSize().height;
    return new Dimension(super.getPreferredSize().width, maxHeight);
}





/**
 * clears current text in text fiekd
 */
private void reset() {
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.getDocument().removeDocumentListener(documentListener);
        textField.setText("");
        textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(documentListener);
    }
}



public static void main(String[] args) {

    JFrame frame = new JFrame("test");
    VersionTextField ipTextField = new VersionTextField();
    ipTextField.setText("9.1.23.1479");
    frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    frame.getContentPane().add(ipTextField);
    frame.pack();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setVisible(true);
}


public void setText(String version) {
    if (version == null || "".equals(version) || "null".equals(version))
        reset();
    else {           
        setVer(version.split("[.]"));
    }
}


private void setVer(String[] ver) {
    if (ver == null) {
        reset();
        return;
    }

    Enumeration<String> enumeration =  Collections.enumeration(Arrays.asList(ver));
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        String s = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
        textField.getDocument().removeDocumentListener(documentListener);
        textField.setText(s);
        textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(documentListener);
    }
}

public void setToolTipText(String toolTipText) {
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];
        textField.setToolTipText(toolTipText);
    }
}



private class MyDocumentListener implements DocumentListener {


    @Override
    public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
        Document document = e.getDocument();
        try {
            JTextField textField = (JTextField) FocusManager.getCurrentManager().getFocusOwner();

            String s = document.getText(0, document.getLength());

            if (s.length() == 4){ // && textField.getCaretPosition() == 2) {
                textField.transferFocus();


            }

        } catch (BadLocationException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
            return;
        }

    }

    public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
    }

    @Override
    public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
        //          Document document = e.getDocument();
        //          try {
        //              Component component = FocusManager.getCurrentManager().getFocusOwner();
        //              String s = document.getText(0, document.getLength());
        //              
        //              // get selected integer
        //              int valueInt = Integer.parseInt(s);
        //              
        //              if (valueInt > 25) {
        //                  component.transferFocus();
        //              }
        //
        //          } catch (BadLocationException e1) {
        //              e1.printStackTrace();
        //              return;
        //          }
    }
}

private class BackKeyAdapter extends KeyAdapter {

    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        JTextField textField = (JTextField) e.getComponent();
        if (textField.getCaretPosition() == 0
                && KeyEvent.VK_LEFT == e.getKeyCode()
                && e.getModifiers() == 0)
            textField.transferFocusBackward();
        if (textField.getCaretPosition() == 0
                && KeyEvent.VK_BACK_SPACE == e.getKeyCode()
                && e.getModifiers() == 0) {
            textField.transferFocusBackward();
        }
    }
}

private class ForwardKeyAdapter extends KeyAdapter {
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        JTextField textField = (JTextField) e.getComponent();

        if (KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT == e.getKeyCode() && e.getModifiers() == 0) {
            int length = textField.getText().length();
            int caretPosition = textField.getCaretPosition();

            if (caretPosition == length) {
                textField.transferFocus();
                e.consume();
            }
        }
        if (e.getKeyChar() == '.' &&
                textField.getText().trim().length() != 0) {
            textField.setText(textField.getText().trim());
            textField.transferFocus();
            e.consume();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @return current text in ip text field
 */
public String getText()  {
    StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
    String ipResult;
    for (int i = 0; i < textFields.length; i++) {
        JTextField textField = textFields[i];

        if(textField.getText().trim().equals("")){
            return "";
        }

        buffer.append(Integer.parseInt(textField.getText()));
        if (i < textFields.length - 1){
            buffer.append('.');
        }
    }
    ipResult = buffer.toString();       

    return ipResult;
}

/**
 * general purpose key listener
 */
private class MyKeyListener implements KeyListener {
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        for (int i = 0; i < keyListenersList.size(); i++) {
            KeyListener keyListener = keyListenersList.get(i);
            keyListener.keyPressed(new KeyEvent(VersionTextField.this,
                    e.getID(), e.getWhen(), e.getModifiers(), e
                    .getKeyCode(), e.getKeyChar(), e
                    .getKeyLocation()));
        }
    }

    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
        for (int i = 0; i < keyListenersList.size(); i++) {
            KeyListener keyListener = keyListenersList.get(i);
            keyListener.keyReleased(new KeyEvent(VersionTextField.this, e
                    .getID(), e.getWhen(), e.getModifiers(),
                    e.getKeyCode(), e.getKeyChar(), e.getKeyLocation()));
        }
    }

    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
        for (int i = 0; i < keyListenersList.size(); i++) {
            KeyListener keyListener = keyListenersList.get(i);
            keyListener.keyTyped(new KeyEvent(VersionTextField.this, e.getID(),
                    e.getWhen(), e.getModifiers(), e.getKeyCode(), e
                    .getKeyChar(), e.getKeyLocation()));
        }
    }
}

private class MyFocusAdapter extends FocusAdapter {

    public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {
        for (int i = 0; i < focusListenersList.size(); i++) {
            FocusListener focusListener = focusListenersList.get(i);
            focusListener.focusGained(new FocusEvent(
                                                    VersionTextField.this,
                                                    e.getID(),
                                                    e.isTemporary(),
                                                    e.getOppositeComponent()
                                                    ));
        }

    if(e.getComponent() instanceof javax.swing.JTextField){
        highlightText((JTextField)e.getSource());
    }


    }           

    public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {
        for (int i = 0; i < focusListenersList.size(); i++) {
            FocusListener focusListener = focusListenersList.get(i);
            focusListener.focusLost(new FocusEvent(
                                                    VersionTextField.this,
                                                    e.getID(),
                                                    e.isTemporary(),
                                                    e.getOppositeComponent()
                                                    ));
        }
    }

    public void highlightText(javax.swing.JTextField ctr){
        //ctr.setSelectionColor(Color.BLUE);
        //ctr.setSelectedTextColor(Color.WHITE);
        ctr.setSelectionStart(0);
        ctr.setSelectionEnd(ctr.getText().length());            
        System.out.println(ctr.getText());

 }
}


}

这里是我们得到的 View :