php - 如何使用 Swift 将字符串加密为 base64 中的 sha1？

Question

我想使用 Swift 将 privateKey 和 publicKey 加密为 base64 中的 sha1，但输出不是我在 Codecademy 中尝试过的 PHP urlencode base64_encode 中看到的输出:"https://www.codecademy.com/courses/web-beginner-en-StaFQ/0/3?curriculum_id=5124ef4c78d510dd89003eb8 "。

请在 Swift 和 Codecademy 中查看以下代码:

swift :

//pls see func dataFromHexadecimalString() details here "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26501276/convert-string-to-hex-string-in-swift/26502285#26502285" 

extension String {

func dataFromHexadecimalString() -> NSData? {
    let trimmedString = self.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: "<> ")).stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "")

    var error: NSError?
    let regex = NSRegularExpression(pattern: "^[0-9a-f]*$", options: .CaseInsensitive, error: &error)
    let found = regex?.firstMatchInString(trimmedString, options: nil, range: NSMakeRange(0, count(trimmedString)))
    if found == nil || found?.range.location == NSNotFound || count(trimmedString) % 2 != 0 {
        return nil
    }

    let data = NSMutableData(capacity: count(trimmedString) / 2)

    for var index = trimmedString.startIndex; index < trimmedString.endIndex; index = index.successor().successor() {
        let byteString = trimmedString.substringWithRange(Range<String.Index>(start: index, end: index.successor().successor()))
        let num = UInt8(byteString.withCString { strtoul($0, nil, 16) })
        data?.appendBytes([num] as [UInt8], length: 1)
    }

    return data
  }
}

func URLEcodekey() -> String {
    let appid="a1b2c34d5e"
    let privateKey="ef7d6s0d"
    let areaid="101020900"
    let time="201507191254"
    let publicKey="http://open.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid=\(areaid)&type=forecast_v&date=\(time)&appid=\(appid)"

    let cPrivateKey=privateKey.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
    let cPublicKey=publicKey.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
    var cHMAC = [CUnsignedChar](count: Int(CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH), repeatedValue: 0)
    CCHmac(CCHmacAlgorithm(kCCHmacAlgSHA1), cPublicKey.bytes, Int(cPublicKey.length), cPrivateKey.bytes, Int(cPrivateKey.length), &cHMAC)

    let hexKeyString=NSMutableString(capacity: Int(CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH))
    for byte in cHMAC{
        hexKeyString.appendFormat("%02hhx", byte)
    }
    println("hexKeyString:\(encryptedKey)")

    let binaryData = hexKeyString.dataFromHexadecimalString()
    let base64String = binaryData?.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(nil)
    println("base64String:\(base64String)")

    var urlEncodeKey=base64String!.stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(.URLHostAllowedCharacterSet())!
    println("urlEncodeKey:\(urlEncodeKey)")
    return urlEncodeMessage
}

输出是:

hexKeyString:d4433d42b1505c00a4aa80205171d0d04754d254

base64String:1EM9QrFQXACkqoAgUXHQ0EdU0lQ=

urlEncodeKey:1EM9QrFQXACkqoAgUXHQ0EdU0lQ=

Codecademy 中的 PHP:

echo urlencode(base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha1', " http://open.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid=101020900&type=forecast_v&date=201507191254&appid=a1b2c34d5e", "ef7d6s0d", TRUE)));

输出是:

A5O59Y%2BFbGjhVwaI9JNB7DkcX%2F4%3D // the output is much like the example in API, which I think maybe the right one.

那么，我怎样才能像在 PHP 中一样为我的私钥和公钥接收正确的 urlEncodeKey？

非常感谢您!

Answer 1

您应该阅读更多关于密码学和散列的内容。在您的情况下，没有公钥、私钥…… SHA 代表安全哈希算法，而您要获取的是基于哈希的身份验证代码。查看有关 HMAC 的维基百科文章, SHA-1 , Public key , ... 我强烈建议您阅读更多相关内容，否则如果您误解了它，您可能会造成更大的损害。

回到你的问题。它在一个字符中:

• Swift代码- let publicKey="http://open.weather.com.cn...
• PHP代码-hash_hmac('sha1', "http://open.weather.com.cn...

你看出问题出在哪里了吗？在您的 PHP 代码中，http 之前有一个空格 字符。此字符不在您的 Swift 代码中。

老实说，我没有检查你的整个代码，因为我不知道你为什么要把它从十六进制字符串等转换过来。只使用了一些部分并从头开始为你重写。这是工作示例:

func URLEncodedKey() -> String? {
  let appid = "a1b2c34d5e"
  let time = "201507191254"
  let areaid = "101020900"

  let key = "ef7d6s0d"
  let string = " http://open.weather.com.cn/data/?areaid=\(areaid)&type=forecast_v&date=\(time)&appid=\(appid)"
  //            ^  <- in your PHP example, there's space

  guard let keyData = key.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding),
    stringData = string.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding),
    outputData = NSMutableData(length: Int(CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH)) else {
    return nil
  }
  outputData.length = Int(CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH)

  CCHmac(CCHmacAlgorithm(kCCHmacAlgSHA1),
    keyData.bytes, keyData.length,
    stringData.bytes, stringData.length,
    outputData.mutableBytes)

  return outputData
    .base64EncodedStringWithOptions([])
    .stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters(.URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet())
}

返回值为:

`Optional("A5O59Y+FbGjhVwaI9JNB7DkcX/4=")`

这是您解码 PHP 输出时得到的结果。

只需将 URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet 替换为以下任何字符集:

class func URLUserAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet    
class func URLPasswordAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet
class func URLHostAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet    
class func URLPathAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet
class func URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet
class func URLFragmentAllowedCharacterSet() -> NSCharacterSet

取决于您的用例。 IOW 您希望在 URL 的哪一部分使用它。