java - 如何在数据库中使用 hibernate 和 spring mvc 获取一些 utf-8 字符？

Question

我开发了小型服务器程序。当我从数据库中提取元组时，一些字符变成了 ÇѱÛÃàÁ¦。我修改了server.xml。然而，Çñ±ÛÃàÁ¦ 字符仍然出现。帮我。我怎样才能得到正确的字符？

这是我的 server.xml。 (我使用的是 apache tomcat 7.0 服务器。)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License.
--><!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
     define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
     Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 --><Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"/>
  <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
  -->
  <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
  <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/>
  <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/>
  <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/>
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/>

  <!-- Global JNDI resources
       Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
  -->
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
         UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
    -->
    <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/>
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
       a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
       so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
       Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
   -->
  <Service name="Catalina">

    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
    <!--
    <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
    -->


    <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
         and responses are returned. Documentation at :
         Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
         Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
         APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
         Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
    -->
    <Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8" connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/>
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
    <!--
    <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
               port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    -->
    <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
         This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE
         style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the
         OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native
         documentation -->
    <!--
    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
    -->

    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
    <Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8" port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/>


    <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
         every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
         analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
         on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
         Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

    <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
    -->
    <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
      <!--
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
      -->

      <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
           via a brute-force attack -->
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
             available for use by the Realm.  -->
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"/>

      <Context docBase="server" path="/jinggumdari" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:server"/></Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

这是我的 web.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

	<!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	<!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- Processes application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
		
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

这是我的 servlet-context.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
	<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing 
		infrastructure -->

	<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
	<annotation-driven />

	<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving 
		up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
	<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

	<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources 
		in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
	<beans:bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
		<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</beans:bean>

	<beans:bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
		<beans:property name="favorPathExtension" value="true" />
		<beans:property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="true" />

		<beans:property name="mediaTypes">
			<beans:map>
				<beans:entry key="json" value="application/json" />
				<beans:entry key="html" value="text/html" />
			</beans:map>
		</beans:property>
	</beans:bean>

	<context:component-scan base-package="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari" />

	<beans:bean
		class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

	<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<beans:property name="url"
			value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jinggumdari" />
		<beans:property name="username" value="root" />
		<beans:property name="password" value="mysql1234" />
	</beans:bean>

	<!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition -->
	<beans:bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<beans:property name="annotatedClasses">
			<beans:list>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Member</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Festival</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.FestivalImage</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Interest</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Review</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.ReviewImage</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Search</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.RouteInfo</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Route</beans:value>
				<beans:value>kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.model.Writing</beans:value>
			</beans:list>
		</beans:property>
		<beans:property name="hibernateProperties">
			<beans:props>
				<beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
				</beans:prop>
				<beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</beans:prop>
			</beans:props>
		</beans:property>
		<beans:property name="packagesToScan" value="com.hibernate.yourpackage" />
	</beans:bean>

	<beans:bean id="memberDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.MemberDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="memberService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.MemberServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="memberDAO" ref="memberDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="festivalDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.FestivalDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="festivalService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.FestivalServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="festivalDAO" ref="festivalDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="festivalImageDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.FestivalImageDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="festivalImageService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.FestivalImageServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="festivalImageDAO" ref="festivalImageDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="interestDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.InterestDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="interestService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.InterestServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="interestDAO" ref="interestDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>

	<beans:bean id="reviewDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.ReviewDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="reviewService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.ReviewServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="reviewDAO" ref="reviewDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="reviewImageDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.ReviewImageDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="reviewImageService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.ReviewImageServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="reviewImageDAO" ref="reviewImageDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="routeDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.RouteDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="routeService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.RouteServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="routeDAO" ref="routeDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="routeInfoDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.RouteInfoDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="routeInfoService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.RouteInfoServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="routeInfoDAO" ref="routeInfoDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<beans:bean id="searchDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.SearchDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="searchService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.SearchServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="searchDAO" ref="searchDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>

	<beans:bean id="writingDAO" class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.DAO.WritingDAOImpl">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="writingService"
		class="kr.ac.jbnu.jinggumdari.serviceImplementation.WritingServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="writingDAO" ref="writingDAO"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
	
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

	<beans:bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<beans:property name="sessionFactory"
			ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
	</beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

还需要什么？

Answer 1

先去掉这一行

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

并将其添加到标题标签中

<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' />

然后添加到web.xml中

 <filter>
    <filter-name>encoding-filter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
       <param-name>encoding</param-name>
       <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding-filter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>

然后添加到hibernate配置文件中

<bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.connection.CharSet">utf8</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.connection.characterEncoding">utf8</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.connection.useUnicode">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>