java - 错误 : java. lang.NoSuchMethodError : javax. persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;

Question

这不是一个重复的问题。正如这个问题的正文中所解释的那样，出于各种原因，我不得不返回到一个旧的 Spring 和 Hibernate 项目。该项目使用这两个框架通过 Apache Tomcat 连接到 Apache Derby 数据库，并在去年遇到了依赖性问题，描述如下:

Error: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey with Spring controller

但同样的问题在同一个项目中再次出现，但是应用了去年的修复。

所以，这不是一个重复的问题。它询问为什么一个项目中以前解决的问题在以前修复后再次发生，以及现在使用的项目版本和遇到相同问题的版本包括去年的修复。我不明白为什么。

当我尝试构建去年的固定项目时，出现异常:

used by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;

因为两个数据库表之间是一对多的关系。异常似乎指向调度程序 servlet 存储库 bean 引用:

<bean id="bookDAOImpl" class="library.dao.BookDAOImpl" />

如所示:

Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory library.dao.BookDAOImpl.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/classes/library-servlet.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey;

在堆栈跟踪中。

在调度程序 servlet 中，我在无法创建 bean 的地方使用。

servlet如下:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd 
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc                            
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd                           
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx    
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">

<!-- Uses annotations in classes for JavaBeans. XML is an alternative. -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />   

<!-- Base package of Library. -->
<context:component-scan base-package="library" />    

<!-- Model. -->
<bean id="person" class="library.model.Person" />
<bean id="book" class="library.model.Book" />        

<!-- Spring Controllers. -->
<bean id="adminController" class="library.controller.admin.AdminController" />    
<bean id="personController" class="library.controller.PersonController" />      
<bean id="bookController" class="library.controller.BookController" /> 
<bean id="exceptionController" class="library.controller.ExceptionController" />     

<!-- Spring Interceptors. -->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <bean id="clientInterceptor" class="library.interceptor.ClientInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptors>

<!-- Spring Services. -->
<bean id="personService" class="library.service.PersonService" />    
<bean id="bookService" class="library.service.BookService" />  

<!-- Spring Repositories. -->
<bean id="personDAOImpl" class="library.dao.PersonDAOImpl" />    
<bean id="bookDAOImpl" class="library.dao.BookDAOImpl" />       

<!-- Spring Validators. -->
<bean id="personValidator" class="library.validator.PersonValidator" />    
<bean id="bookValidator" class="library.validator.BookValidator" />     

<!-- Spring ViewResolver. -->               
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix">
         <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
    </property>
    <property name="suffix">
        <value>.jsp</value>
    </property>
</bean>   

<!-- Spring MesssageSource. -->         
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <property name="basename"> 
        <value>/WEB-INF/classes/messages</value>    
    </property>    
</bean>

<!-- Spring Properties file for Library. -->      
<bean id="propertiesFactory" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
    <property name="location">  
         <value>classpath:library.properties</value>             
    </property>
</bean>      

<!-- Hibernate DataSource. -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">        
    <property name="driverClassName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/Library" />
    <property name="username" value="username" />
    <property name="password" value="password" />            
</bean>   

<!-- Hibernate Interceptors. -->
<bean id="serverInterceptor" class="library.interceptor.ServerInterceptor" />

<!-- Hibernate SessionFactory. -->    
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>                  
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>               
           <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyDialect</prop>
           <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
           <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop>

           <!-- What to do with the database schema. -->
           <prop key="hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>    
           <!-- validate:    validate the schema, makes no changes to the database.
                update:      update the schema.
                create:      creates the schema, destroying previous data.
                create-drop: drop the schema at the end of the session. -->                 
        </props>            
    </property>                                                                                                                                
    <property name="entityInterceptor">
        <ref bean="serverInterceptor" />            
    </property>                                                                                                                                             
    <property name="packagesToScan">
        <list>
            <value>library.model</value>                
        </list>
    </property>          
</bean>

<!-- Hibernate TransactionManagment. -->
<tx:annotation-driven />                
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
   <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>  

我去年遇到过这个问题，通过改变依赖关系解决了这个问题，如下所述:

Error: javax.persistence.JoinColumn.foreignKey()Ljavax/persistence/ForeignKey with Spring controller`但是，该项目的依赖关系自那以后没有改变，其配置也没有改变，所以我不明白为什么我会遇到这个问题。

与去年一样，该项目使用 Spring 4.0.2 和 Hibernate 4.3.5，在使用 Apache Tomcat 8.0.3.0 的 NetBeans 8 中运行。

在 Java 类中，一个名为 Person 的类与另一个名为 Book 的类之间存在 1:M 的关系。也为这些声明了数据库表。

Person类如下:

package library.model;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonManagedReference;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="PERSON")
public class Person implements Serializable {

// Attributes.    
@Id
@Column(name="PERSON_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)    
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer personId;

@Column(name="NAME", nullable=false, length=50)      
private String name;

@Column(name="ADDRESS", nullable=false, length=100)
private String address;

@Column(name="TELEPHONE", nullable=false, length=10)
private String telephone;

@Column(name="EMAIL", nullable=false, length=50)
private String email;

@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy="person") 
@JsonManagedReference
private List<Book> books;

// Constructors.
public Person() {
    this.personId = 0;
    this.name = ("");
    this.address = ("");
    this.telephone = ("");
    this.email = ("");
    this.books = null;
}

public Person(Integer personId, String name, String address, String telephone, String email, ArrayList<Book> books) {
    this.personId = personId;
    this.name = name;
    this.address = address;
    this.telephone = telephone;
    this.email = email;
    this.books = books;
}

使用 getter 和 setter。

本书有:

package library.model;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonBackReference;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="BOOK")
public class Book implements Serializable {

// Attributes.
@Id
@Column(name="BOOK_ID", unique=true, nullable=false)
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer bookId;

@Column(name="AUTHOR", nullable=false, length=50)
private String author;

@Column(name="TITLE", nullable=false, length=50)
private String title;

@Column(name="DESCRIPTION", nullable=false, length=500)
private String description;

@Column(name="ONLOAN", nullable=false, length=5)
private String onLoan;

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="person_id")
@JsonBackReference
private Person person;

// Constructors.
public Book() {
    this.bookId= 0;
    this.author = ("");
    this.title = ("");
    this.description = ("");  
    this.onLoan = "false";
}

public Book(Integer bookId, String author, String title, String description, String onLoan) {
    this.bookId = 0;
    this.author = author;
    this.title = title;
    this.description = description;     
    this.onLoan = onLoan;
}

BookDAOImpl 类是这样设置的:

package library.dao;

import java.util.List;
import library.model.Book;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("bookDAOImpl")
public class BookDAOImpl implements GenericDAO<Book> {

@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(BookDAOImpl.class.getName());

public BookDAOImpl() {
}

@Override
public void delete(Integer bookId) {
    logger.info(BookDAOImpl.class.getName() + ".delete() method called.");

    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    Transaction transaction = session.getTransaction();        
    try {
        transaction.begin();
        session.delete((Book) session.get(Book.class, bookId));
        transaction.commit();            
    }
    catch(RuntimeException e) {
        transaction.rollback();
        throw e;
    }
    finally {
        session.close();
    }
}

但是为什么在所有配置都没有改变的情况下，我现在得到这个？

项目中的库如下:

24 Jun 2015  23 35           445,288 antlr-2.7.7.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35             4,467 aopalliance-1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           160,519 commons-dbcp-1.4.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            62,050 commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35         2,703,892 derby-10.9.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           535,985 derbyclient-10.9.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           313,898 dom4j-1.6.1.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            75,311 hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35         5,230,007 hibernate-core-4.3.5.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           113,371 hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            38,605 jackson-annotations-2.4.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           225,306 jackson-core-2.4.1.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 36           228,552 jackson-core-asl-1.9.7.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35         1,074,275 jackson-databind-2.4.1.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           786,084 jackson-mapper-lgpl-1.9.13.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            76,551 jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           714,194 javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           162,126 javax.persistence-2.1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            57,183 jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            11,558 jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            27,717 jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            20,682 jstl-1.1.2.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            15,071 jta-1.1.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           367,444 log4j-1.2.14.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35            52,150 persistence-api-1.0.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 36            36,364 spring-annotation-base-1.0.2.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           352,730 spring-aop-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           669,044 spring-beans-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           974,272 spring-context-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           960,994 spring-core-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           204,780 spring-expression-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           419,614 spring-jdbc-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           366,844 spring-orm-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           248,204 spring-tx-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           665,015 spring-web-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           660,329 spring-webmvc-4.0.2.RELEASE.jar
24 Jun 2015  23 35           393,259 standard-1.1.2.jar

Answer 1

你得到这个异常是因为在类路径的上层某处有一个旧版本的 javax.persistence API。

从类路径中删除旧版本，你会没事的。