java - 在 RabbitMQ 中组接收消息，最好使用 Spring AMQP？

Question

我从服务 (S) 接收消息，该服务将每个单独的属性更改作为单独的消息发布到实体。一个人为的例子是这样的实体:

Person {
    id: 123
    name: "Something",
    address: {...}
}

如果姓名和地址在同一笔交易中更新，则 (S) 将发布两条消息，PersonNameCorrected 和 PersonMoved。问题出在接收端，我正在存储此 Person 实体的投影，并且每个属性更改都会导致写入数据库。因此，在此示例中，将有两次写入数据库，但如果我可以在短时间内对消息进行批处理并按 id 对它们进行分组，那么我只需要对数据库进行一次写入。

通常如何在 RabbitMQ 中处理这个问题？ Spring AMQP 是否提供更简单的抽象？

请注意，我已经简要地查看了 prefetch但我不确定这是不是要走的路。如果我理解正确的话，预取也是每个连接的基础。我试图在每个队列的基础上实现这一点，因为如果批处理(并因此增加延迟)是可行的方法，我不想将这种延迟添加到我使用的所有队列中服务(但仅适用于那些需要“按 ID 分组”功能的用户)。

Answer 1

对于这种情况，预取无济于事。

考虑使用 Spring Integration它有位于 Spring AMQP 之上的适配器；它还提供了一个聚合器，可用于在将消息发送到管道的下一阶段之前将消息分组在一起。

编辑

这里有一个快速启动应用程序来演示......

@SpringBootApplication
public class So42969130Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(So42969130Application.class, args)
            .close();
    }

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate template;

    @Autowired
    private Handler handler;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        this.template.convertAndSend("so9130", new PersonNameChanged(123));
        this.template.convertAndSend("so9130", new PersonMoved(123));
        this.handler.latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Bean
    public IntegrationFlow flow(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        return IntegrationFlows.from(Amqp.inboundAdapter(connectionFactory, "so9130")
                        .messageConverter(converter()))
                .aggregate(a -> a
                        .correlationExpression("payload.id")
                        .releaseExpression("false") // open-ended release, timeout only
                        .sendPartialResultOnExpiry(true)
                        .groupTimeout(2000))
                .handle(handler())
                .get();
    }

    @Bean
    public Jackson2JsonMessageConverter converter() {
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }

    @Bean
    public Handler handler() {
        return new Handler();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue("so9130", false, false, true);
    }

    public static class Handler {

        private final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        @ServiceActivator
        public void handle(Collection<?> aggregatedData) {
            System.out.println(aggregatedData);
            this.latch.countDown();
        }

    }

    public static class PersonNameChanged {

        private int id;

        PersonNameChanged() {
        }

        PersonNameChanged(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        public int getId() {
            return this.id;
        }

        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "PersonNameChanged [id=" + this.id + "]";
        }

    }

    public static class PersonMoved {

        private int id;

        PersonMoved() {
        }

        PersonMoved(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        public int getId() {
            return this.id;
        }

        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "PersonMoved [id=" + this.id + "]";
        }

    }

}

代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>so42969130</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>so42969130</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-integration-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-integration-java-dsl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

结果:

2017-03-23 09:56:57.501  INFO 75217 --- [ask-scheduler-2] .s.i.a.AbstractCorrelatingMessageHandler : 
    Expiring MessageGroup with correlationKey[123]
[PersonNameChanged [id=123], PersonMoved [id=123]]