java - 发送邮件时出错 - ConnectException

Question

我使用下面的 Java 代码来发送电子邮件。

import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;

public class SendEmail
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {    

      String to = "abcd@gmail.com";
      String from = "web@gmail.com";
      String host = "localhost";
      Properties properties = System.getProperties();
      properties.setProperty("smtp.gmail.com", host);
      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
      try{
         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
         message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                                  new InternetAddress(to))
         message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
         message.setText("This is actual message");
         Transport.send(message);
         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
      }catch (MessagingException mex) {
         mex.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

当我运行该文件时，出现以下错误:

javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not connect to SMTP host: localhost, port: 25;
nested exception is:
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.openServer(SMTPTransport.java:1282)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:370)

Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
    at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.connect0(Native Method)
    at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Unknown Source)

如果有人可以帮助我，我将不胜感激。

如何解决ConnectException？

Answer 1

我可以看到您正在尝试使用 Gmail 作为您的 SMTP 服务器。此行不正确:

properties.setProperty("smtp.gmail.com", host);

您使用主机名作为属性名，这是不正确的。因为您没有设置 mail.smtp.host 属性，所以 JavaMail 会尝试连接到“localhost”。改为设置以下属性:

properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true"); 
properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
properties.put("mail.smtp.user", "username"); // User name
properties.put("mail.smtp.password", "password"); // password
properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");