java - 在 Java 中实现多消费者多生产者的问题

Question

我写了一个简单的消费者-生产者问题，它有一个阻塞队列，该队列有多个生产者和多个消费者获取并将整数放入队列。但是，当我尝试对其进行测试时，结果并不理想，例如队列的大小不正确。我不认为消费者和生产者的规模是同步的。此外，我对生产者和消费者都进行了 2 秒的 sleep ，但在测试时，它每两秒打印出 2 个生产者和 2 个消费者的结果。有谁知道我做错了什么？也许我开始错误的线程？我注释掉了我做的另一种方式，但结果仍然是错误的。

结果:

run:
Producing 425     Thread-0 size left 0
Consuming 890     Thread-3 size left 0
Consuming 425     Thread-2 size left 0
Producing 890     Thread-1 size left 0
Consuming 192     Thread-2 size left 0
Consuming 155     Thread-3 size left 0
Producing 155     Thread-1 size left 0
Producing 192     Thread-0 size left 0
Consuming 141     Thread-2 size left 1
Producing 141     Thread-0 size left 0
Producing 919     Thread-1 size left 0
Consuming 919     Thread-3 size left 0
Producing 361     Thread-1 size left 0
Producing 518     Thread-0 size left 0
Consuming 518     Thread-3 size left 0
Consuming 361     Thread-2 size left 0
Producing 350     Thread-0 size left 1
Consuming 350     Thread-3 size left 0
Consuming 767     Thread-2 size left 0
Producing 767     Thread-1 size left 0

制作人

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class Producer implements Runnable {

    BlockingQueue<Integer> items = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();

    public Producer(BlockingQueue<Integer> q) {
        this.items = q;
    }

    private int generateRandomNumber(int start, int end) {
        Random rand = new Random();
        int number = start + rand.nextInt(end - start + 1);
        return number;
    }

    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            int rand = generateRandomNumber(100, 1000);
            try {
                items.put(rand);
                System.out.println("Producing " + rand + "     " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " size left " + items.size());
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(ProducerConsumer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            }
        }
    }
}

消费者

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class Consumer implements Runnable {

    BlockingQueue<Integer> items = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();

    public Consumer(BlockingQueue<Integer> q) {
        this.items = q;
    }

    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            try {
                System.out.println("Consuming " + items.take() + "     " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " size left " + items.size());
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(ProducerConsumer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            }
        }
    }
}

测试

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;

public class ProducerConsumer {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        BlockingQueue<Integer> items = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();

        Producer producer = new Producer(items);
        Consumer consumer = new Consumer(items);
        Thread t1 = new Thread(producer);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(producer);
        Thread t3 = new Thread(consumer);
        Thread t4 = new Thread(consumer);
        /*
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Producer());
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Producer());
        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Consumer());
        Thread t4 = new Thread(new Consumer());
        */
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
        t4.start();
    }
}

更新:我尝试实现可重入锁，但我的程序在锁定行停止。有什么帮助吗？消费者

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

public class Consumer implements Runnable { 

    //private BlockingQueue<Integer> items = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(); 
    private MyBlockingQ items;

    public Consumer(MyBlockingQ q) { 
        this.items = q; 
    } 

    public void run() { 
        while (true) { 
            items.remove();
            //Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
} 

制作人

import java.util.Random;

public class Producer implements Runnable {
    private MyBlockingQ items;
    public Producer(MyBlockingQ q) {
        this.items = q;
    }

    private int generateRandomNumber(int start, int end) {
        Random rand = new Random();
        int number = start + rand.nextInt(end - start + 1);
        return number;
    }

    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            int rand = generateRandomNumber(100, 1000);
            items.add(rand);
        }
    }
}

MyBlockingQ(共享资源)

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class MyBlockingQ {

    private BlockingQueue<Integer> items = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
    private final ReentrantReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();

    public MyBlockingQ() {
    }

    public void add(Integer i) {
        lock.writeLock().lock();
        try {
            items.put(i);
            System.out.println("Producing " + i + "     " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " size left " + items.size());
        } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ProducerConsumer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } finally {
            lock.writeLock().unlock();
        }
    }

    public void remove() {
        lock.writeLock().lock();
        try {
            int taken = items.take();
            System.out.println("Consuming " + taken + "     " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " size left " + items.size());
        } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ProducerConsumer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } finally {
            lock.writeLock().unlock();
        }
    }
}

测试

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue; 
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue; 

public class ProducerConsumer { 
    public static void main(String args[]) { 
        MyBlockingQ items = new MyBlockingQ(); 

        System.out.println("starting");
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Producer(items)); 
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Producer(items)); 
        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Consumer(items)); 
        Thread t4 = new Thread(new Consumer(items)); 
        t1.start(); 
        t2.start(); 
        t3.start(); 
        t4.start(); 
    } 
} 

Answer 1

这两行

items.put(rand);
System.out.println("Producing " + rand + "     " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " size left " + items.size());

不同步。生产者可能将数字放入队列中，但是当队列的大小从放入队列的线程中显示出来时，消费者可能已经消费了一个数字。