java - 在 Java 中画一条线 - 线不可见

Question

我正在自学 Java。尝试创建一个带有线条的框架。这看起来很基本，但我看不到这条线。代码编译，我似乎无法理解为什么我看不到该行。我在框架中看到了其他组件。我正在使用 2 个 java 文件。一个文件是容器文件，另一个文件有画线代码。它们是包 a1 的一部分。这是我的代码(请帮忙):

容器文件:

package a1;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class gameContainer {

    public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) {
        pane.setLayout(null);

        //add button to the pane
        JButton b3 = new JButton("B1");
        pane.add(b3);

        //add line to the pane
        drawingLine line1 = new drawingLine();
        pane.add(line1);

        //size and position all relatively          
        Insets insets = pane.getInsets();
        Dimension size;
        size = b3.getPreferredSize();        
        b3.setBounds(350+insets.left,15+insets.top,size.width+50,size.height+20);
        size = line1.getPreferredSize();
        line1.setBounds(350+insets.left,75+insets.top,size.width+50,size.height+20);    

    }

    private static void createAndShowGUI() {
        int l = 200, w = 80;

        //Create and set up the window.
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Frame");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //Set up content pane
        addComponentsToPane(frame.getContentPane());

        //add menu bar
        JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
        JMenu menu = new JMenu("Menu");
        menu.add(new JMenuItem("Do nothing"));
        menuBar.add(menu);
        frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);

        // size and display root pane/window
        Insets insets = frame.getInsets();
        frame.setSize(500+insets.left+insets.right,300+insets.top+insets.bottom);
        frame.setLocation(w,l);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread:
        //creating and showing this application's GUI.
        javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            createAndShowGUI();
        }
        });
    }

}

画线文件:

package a1;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Graphics;

public class drawingLine extends JPanel{

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
        Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(200, 300, 1000, 1000);
        //g2d.setColor(Color.black);
        g2d.draw(line);
        //g.drawLine(200, 300, 1000, 1000);
        //g.setColor(color.BLACK);

    }

}

为什么我看不到这条线？

Answer 1

您的主要问题是您使用了 null/Absolute 布局。

你应该在这里读一读:

• Laying Out Components Within a Container

1) 您应该使用适当的 LayoutManager(或将多个 LayoutManager 嵌套在一起)和/或覆盖 的 getPreferredSize() >JComponent 返回适合图纸的正确尺寸。

2) 不要在 JFrame 上调用 setSize 而是在设置 JFrame 可见之前调用 pack()记住)

3) 无需通过 getContentPane().add(..) 添加到 contentPane 作为 add(..) setLayout(..) 和 remove(..) 已转发到 contentPane。

4) 注意类名，遵守 java 约定类名以大写字母开头，之后每个新单词的第一个字母都应该大写，即 gameContainer 应该是 GameContainer, drawingLine 应该是 DrawingLine

这是您实现了上述修复的代码(不是最完善的布局，但它只是一个示例):

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JPanel;


public class GameContainer {

    public static void addComponentsToPane(JFrame frame) {

        JPanel buttonPanel=new JPanel();//create panel to hold button
        //add button to the pane
        JButton b3 = new JButton("B1");
        buttonPanel.add(b3);
        frame.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);//use contentPane default BorderLayout

        //add line to the pane
        DrawingLine line1 = new DrawingLine();
        frame.add(line1);

    }

    private static void createAndShowGUI() {

        //Create and set up the window.
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Frame");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //Set up content pane
        addComponentsToPane(frame);

        //add menu bar
        JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
        JMenu menu = new JMenu("Menu");
        menu.add(new JMenuItem("Do nothing"));
        menuBar.add(menu);
        frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread:
        //creating and showing this application's GUI.
        javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                createAndShowGUI();
            }
        });
    }
}
class DrawingLine extends JPanel {

    @Override
    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
        Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(10, 10, 100, 100);
        g2d.draw(line);

    }

    @Override
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
        return new Dimension(300, 300);
    }
}