android - JobScheduler 发布作业两次(不期望)

Question

我正在编写关于 JobScheduler 的教程，我发现了一个奇怪的行为。我要求在 1 秒内安排 3 个不同的作业 (.setOverrideDeadline(1000)) 但它们都已提交并运行了两次......所以这里的代码:

public class MyApplication extends Application {
    private static final int JOB_ID_HanlderThread = 100;
    private static final int JOB_ID_ExecutorService = 200;
    private static final int JOB_ID_AsyncTask = 300;
    JobScheduler mJobScheduler;
    ExecutorService myExecutorServiceForJobs=null;
    private static MyApplication INSTANCE;
    public static MyApplication getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }


    /**
     * Called when the application is starting, before any activity, service,
     * or receiver objects (excluding content providers) have been created.
     * Implementations should be as quick as possible (for example using
     * lazy initialization of state) since the time spent in this function
     * directly impacts the performance of starting the first activity,
     * service, or receiver in a process.
     * If you override this method, be sure to call super.onCreate().
     */
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        Log.e("MyApplication", "*********************** onCreate *****************************");
        super.onCreate();
        //use only for the ExceutorService case
        INSTANCE=this;
        //instanciate your JobScheduler
        mJobScheduler= (JobScheduler) getSystemService(JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE);
        Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler instanciate");

        //this first example use the HandlerThread (no need of executor service)
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------
        //define your JobServices here
        JobInfo.Builder builder = new JobInfo.Builder(JOB_ID_HanlderThread,
                new ComponentName( getPackageName(),
                        MyJobServiceUsingHandlerThread.class.getName() ) );
        //begin in one second
        builder.setOverrideDeadline(1000);
        int returnedValue;
        //the return value is failure(0) or success(1) not the JobId if success (Javadoc wrong)
        returnedValue=mJobScheduler.schedule( builder.build() );
        //launch it
        if( returnedValue <= 0 ) {
            //If something goes wrong (manage exception/error is better than logging them)
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task failure");
        }else{
            //nothing goes wrong
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_HanlderThread "+returnedValue);
        }

        //this second example use ExecutorService
        //---------------------------------------
        //then again define your Job and launch it
        JobInfo.Builder builder1 = new JobInfo.Builder(JOB_ID_ExecutorService,
                new ComponentName( getPackageName(),
                        MyJobServiceUsingExecutor.class.getName() ) );
        //begin in one second
        builder1.setOverrideDeadline(1000);
        //launch it
        returnedValue=mJobScheduler.schedule( builder1.build() );
        if( returnedValue <= 0 ) {
            //If something goes wrong (manage exception/error is better than logging them)
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task failure");
        }else{
            //nothing goes wrong
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_ExecutorService "+returnedValue);
        }

        //this third example use AsyncTask
        //--------------------------------
        //then again define your Job and launch it
        JobInfo.Builder builder2 = new JobInfo.Builder(JOB_ID_AsyncTask,
                new ComponentName( getPackageName(),
                        MyJobServiceUsingAsyncTask.class.getName() ) );
        //begin in one second
        builder2.setOverrideDeadline(1000);
        //launch it
        returnedValue=mJobScheduler.schedule( builder2.build() );
        if( returnedValue <= 0 ) {
            //If something goes wrong (manage exception/error is better than logging them)
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task failure");
        }else{
            //nothing goes wrong
            Log.e("MyApplication", "onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_AsyncTask "+returnedValue);
        }
    }   

使用此代码，我希望我的作业运行一次，但如果我查看日志，我会获得:

10-20 06:45:13.118 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: *********************** onCreate *****************************
10-20 06:45:13.122 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: onCreate: JobScheduler instanciate
10-20 06:45:13.126 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_HanlderThread 1
10-20 06:45:13.127 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_ExecutorService 1
10-20 06:45:13.130 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: onCreate: JobScheduler launch the task suceess JOB_ID_AsyncTask 1
10-20 06:45:13.559 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceHandler: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:13.572 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceExecutor: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:14.133 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceAsync: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:14.141 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceAsync: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:18.571 13041-13066/? E/MyHandler: The work is done in a separate thread called MyJobServiceUsingHandlerThread
10-20 06:45:18.573 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceHandler: onDestroy called, Looper is dead  <******************************************
10-20 06:45:18.574 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceHandler: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:18.576 13041-13067/? E/MyRunnable: The work is done in a separate thread called MyJobServiceUsingExecutorService
10-20 06:45:18.577 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceExecutor: onDestroy called, executor service is dead  <******************************************
10-20 06:45:18.577 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: killMyExecutorServiceForJob called
10-20 06:45:18.577 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: myExecutorServiceForJobs isShutDown
10-20 06:45:18.580 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceExecutor: onStartJob called <--------------------------------
10-20 06:45:19.145 13041-13070/? E/MyAsyncTask: The work is done in a separate thread called AsyncTask #1
10-20 06:45:19.145 13041-13041/? E/MyAsyncTask: The work is finished  <******************************************
10-20 06:45:23.576 13041-13075/? E/MyHandler: The work is done in a separate thread called MyJobServiceUsingHandlerThread
10-20 06:45:23.577 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceHandler: onDestroy called, Looper is dead  <******************************************
10-20 06:45:23.582 13041-13076/? E/MyRunnable: The work is done in a separate thread called MyJobServiceUsingExecutorService
10-20 06:45:23.584 13041-13041/? E/MyJobServiceExecutor: onDestroy called, executor service is dead  <******************************************
10-20 06:45:23.584 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: killMyExecutorServiceForJob called
10-20 06:45:23.584 13041-13041/? E/MyApplication: myExecutorServiceForJobs isShutDown
10-20 06:45:24.147 13041-13077/? E/MyAsyncTask: The work is done in a separate thread called AsyncTask #2
10-20 06:45:24.148 13041-13041/? E/MyAsyncTask: The work is finished  <******************************************

我在本教程中所做的是，我使用 HandlerThread 运行一个作业，使用 ExecutorService 运行另一个作业，最后一个使用 AsyncTask 来解释如何在后台线程中完成工作。我展示这种不同的技术是因为在某些用例中，您希望将作业排入同一线程 (HandlerThread) 或管理线程池 (ExecutorService) 或仅使用非托管线程 (AsyncTask)。

我定义了那些作业并在 MyApplication:onCreate 方法中安排它们。为了更深入地了解代码，我将其放在 GitHub 上:https://github.com/MathiasSeguy-Android2EE/JobSchedulerForGitHub

Answer 1

谢谢 - 我在 JobScheduler 上工作。基于您的应用程序(谢谢!)我设法很容易地重现了这个问题并找到了错误的原因。

tl;dr，这种情况在教程应用程序之外不会经常发生。要在教程中解决这个问题，请将作业的截止日期增加到大于每个后台线程运行的时间。

发生的事情是你连续安排你的工作，并且 JobScheduler 几乎在安排的时候立即运行它们。然而，一秒后(这一秒对于“真实”应用程序不会发生)覆盖截止日期警报触发，并且作业调度程序非常积极地决定任何截止日期已过期的作业需要再次运行(API契约(Contract)声明“截止日期到期”胜过所有其他考虑因素)，因此它将其放入待定队列。一旦正在执行的作业完成，就会检查挂起队列，并且那里有一个作业，因此它会运行。

因此，如果在作业运行时截止日期到期，作业将触发 2 次。确保截止日期在作业运行之前(导致作业运行)或之后(警报实际上不会触发，因为作业已经完成)到期，并且一切都按预期进行。

我已经在 Android N 中修复了这个问题(不幸的是 M 已经发布)，并添加了 CTS 测试以确保它保持修复。 感谢您引起我们的注意