java - 如何使用Spring Kafka的Acknowledgement.acknowledge()方法进行手动提交

Question

我是第一次使用 Spring Kafka，我无法在我的消费者代码中使用 Acknowledgement.acknowledge() 方法进行手动提交，如此处所述 https://docs.spring.io/spring-kafka/reference/html/_reference.html#committing-offsets .我的是 spring-boot 应用程序。如果我没有使用手动提交过程，那么我的代码就可以正常工作。但是当我使用Acknowledgement.acknowledge() 对于手动提交，它显示与 bean 相关的错误。另外，如果我没有正确使用手动提交，请建议我正确的方法。

错误信息:

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Field ack in Receiver required a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment' that could not be found.


Action:

Consider defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment' in your configuration.

我用谷歌搜索了这个错误，我发现我需要添加 @Component 但它已经存在于我的消费者代码中。

我的消费者代码如下所示:Receiver.java

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Receiver {

    @Autowired
    public Acknowledgment ack;

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic.TestTopic}")
    public void receive(ConsumerRecord<?, ?> consumerRecord){
            System.out.println(consumerRecord.value());
            latch.countDown();
            ack.acknowledge();
    }
}

我的生产者代码如下所示:Sender.java

import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Sender {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String, Map<String, Object>> kafkaTemplate;

    public void send(Map<String, Object> map){
            kafkaTemplate.send("TestTopic", map);

    }

}

编辑 1:

我的新消费者代码如下所示:Receiver.java

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Receiver {

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic.TestTopic}", containerFactory = "kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory")
    public void receive(ConsumerRecord<?, ?> consumerRecord, Acknowledgment ack){
            System.out.println(consumerRecord.value());
            latch.countDown();
            ack.acknowledge();
    }
}

我也改变了我的配置类:

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class ReceiverConfig {

    @Value("${kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
    private String bootstrapServers;

    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    private String consumerGroupId;

    @Bean
    public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() throws SendGridException {
            Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, consumerGroupId);
            return props;

    }

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory(){
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
    }

    /*@Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory(){
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());

        return factory;
    }*/

    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory(){
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public Receiver receiver() {
        return new Receiver();
    }
}

将 containerFactory = "kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory"添加到我的 receive() 方法后，出现以下错误。

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Parameter 1 of method kafkaListenerContainerFactory in org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAnnotationDrivenConfiguration required a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' that could not be found.
    - Bean method 'kafkaConsumerFactory' in 'KafkaAutoConfiguration' not loaded because @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found bean 'consumerFactory'


Action:

Consider revisiting the conditions above or defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' in your configuration.

Answer 1

对于那些仍在寻找与手动确认有关的这些错误的解决方案的人，您无需指定 containerFactory = "kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory"，而是只需添加:

factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);

在您返回工厂对象之前添加到您的接收器配置。

那么你还需要:

props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, false);

在消费者配置 Prop 中。

所以最后你的监听器方法可以简单地看起来像:

@KafkaListener(topics = "${spring.kafka.topic}")
    private void listen(@Payload String payload, Acknowledgment acknowledgment) {
        //Whatever code you want to do with the payload
        acknowledgement.acknowledge(); //or even pass the acknowledgment to a different method and acknowledge even later
    }