android - Android 中的 REDCap API 导入记录

Question

我正在尝试使用 REDCap API 通过 Android 应用程序导入记录。如何让 Activity 中的按钮在单击时运行下面的代码以便将数据上传到 REDCap？如果有另一种编码方法，那将同样有用。我基本上想使用已经提供给我的 API token 和 URL 将 JSON 对象中的数据发送到 REDCap。

package com.example.maciej.fuglmeyer;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;


public class MyClass
{
    private final HttpPost post;
    private final HttpClient client;
    private int respCode;
    private BufferedReader reader;
    private final StringBuffer result;
    private String line;

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public MyClass(final Config c)
    {
        JSONObject record = new JSONObject();
        record.put("record_id", "3");
        record.put("first_name", "First");
        record.put("last_name", "Last");
        record.put("address", "123 Cherry Lane\nNashville, TN 37015");
        record.put("telephone", "(615) 255-4000");
        record.put("email", "first.last@gmail.com");
        record.put("dob", "1972-08-10");
        record.put("age", "43");
        record.put("ethnicity", "1");
        record.put("race", "4");
        record.put("sex", "1");
        record.put("height", "180");
        record.put("weight", "105");
        record.put("bmi", "31.4");
        record.put("comments", "comments go here");
        record.put("demographics_complete", "2");

        JSONArray data = new JSONArray();
        data.add(record);

        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("token", "123423412342134"));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("content", "record"));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("format", "json"));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "flat"));
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("data", data.toJSONString()));

        post = new HttpPost("URLGOESHERE.com");
        post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

        try
        {
            post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
        }
        catch (final Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        result = new StringBuffer();
        client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        respCode = -1;
        reader = null;
        line = null;
    }

    public void doPost()
    {
        HttpResponse resp = null;

        try
        {
            resp = client.execute(post);
        }
        catch (final Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if(resp != null)
        {
            respCode = resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

            try
            {
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(resp.getEntity().getContent()));
            }
            catch (final Exception e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if(reader != null)
        {
            try
            {
                while((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
                {
                    result.append(line);
                }
            }
            catch (final Exception e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        System.out.println("respCode: " + respCode);
        System.out.println("result: " + result.toString());
    }
}

Answer 1

1) 创建一个带有 Button 和 EditText 的简单Layout 用于上传数据:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/parent_log"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="16dp"
    android:paddingEnd="16dp"
    android:paddingLeft="16dp"
    android:paddingRight="16dp"
    android:paddingStart="16dp"
    android:paddingTop="16dp">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/input_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:ems="10"
        android:hint="Exemplo: João da Silva"
        android:inputType="textPersonName" />

     <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="CADASTRAR"
        android:id="@+id/uploadData"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:onClick="onClick" />

 </LinearLayout>

2) 在 Activity 的 onClick 方法中，获取数据并调用类 Config 和 ImportData (REDCap API 上的 Java 示例中的内容)

public void onClick(View v) {
    String name = findViewById(R.id.input_name).getText().toString();

    Config config = new Config();

    //I have changed the constructor to send the only string that will be
    //uploaded, but you can send a context, array of strings, whatever...
    ImportRecords importRecords = new ImportRecords(config, name);
    importRecords.doPost();
}

3) 在 ImportRecords 上，您发布的类，更改构造函数(如果需要)，这是您可以执行的代码示例

public class ImportRecords {
private final List<NameValuePair> params;
private final HttpPost post;
private HttpResponse resp;
private final HttpClient client;
private int respCode;
private BufferedReader reader;
private final StringBuffer result;
private String line;
private final JSONObject record;
private final JSONArray data;
private String recordID;
//private final SecureRandom random;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public ImportRecords(final Config c, String name) {
    //Create an id. Id is the record identifier
    //For example if you want get the record in the future, you'll need that
    Random r = new Random();
    int id = r.nextInt();

    record = new JSONObject();
    record.put("record_id", id);
    record.put("first_name", name);

    data = new JSONArray();
    data.add(record);

    params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("token", c.API_TOKEN));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("content", "record"));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("format", "json"));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "flat"));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("data", data.toJSONString()));
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("forms", "pergunta"));

    //c.API_URL is the url found on your REDCap project - API
    post = new HttpPost(c.API_URL);
    post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

    try {
        post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params));
    } catch (final Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    result = new StringBuffer();
    client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
    respCode = -1;
    reader = null;
    line = null;
}

4) 在 Android 上，Post 方法需要在后台运行。我为此创建了一个AsyncTask

public void doPost() {
    new Task().execute();
}

public class Task extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Boolean> {

    @Override
    protected Boolean doInBackground(Void... params) {
        resp = null;

        try {
            resp = client.execute(post);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }

        if (resp != null) {
            respCode = resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();


            try {
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(resp.getEntity().getContent()));
            } catch (final Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }
        }

        if (reader != null) {
            try {
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    result.append(line);
                }
            } catch (final Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return false;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("respCode: " + respCode);
        System.out.println("result: " + result.toString());
        if (respCode!=200)
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) {
        super.onPostExecute(aBoolean);
        if (aBoolean)
            Log.e("RESULT","The record was sent");
        else
            Log.e("RESULT","The record was not sent");
    }
}