c++ - CMake 在使用 android-cmake 工具链文件时找不到 Boost 库

Question

我正在尝试为使用 Boost 库的代码创建一个 CMake 项目。我想为 Android 构建它，我正在使用这个项目作为引用:https://code.google.com/p/android-cmake/ .

我想使用我之前为 android 构建的 Boost 静态库，而不是将它们作为要编译的项目的一部分。

这是我使用 Boost 的项目部分的 CMakeLists.txt

#BOOST

set(BOOST_ROOT /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost)

set(Boost_INCLUDE_DIR /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53)
set(BOOST_INCLUDEDIR /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53)
set(Boost_LIBRARY_DIR /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib)
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib)

set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(USE_STATIC_BOOST ON)
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME ON)
set(BOOST_COMPILER gcc)

find_package(Boost COMPONENTS "thread-gcc-mt-1_53" "date_time-gcc-mt-1_53" REQUIRED)

include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})
link_directories(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIR})
#BOOSTEND

add_executable(main main.cpp)
target_link_libraries( main ${Boost_LIBRARIES} )

当我运行常规 cmake 命令时(cmake .. 来自 android 项目中 jni 文件夹的子目录)没有问题，cmake 找到了库。当我让 cmake 使用上面提到的项目提供的 android.toolchain.cmake 时，我得到了这个(我正在使用 -DBoost_DEBUG 选项)。

-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:566 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54;1.53.0;1.53;1.52.0;1.52;1.51.0;1.51;1.50.0;1.50;1.49.0;1.49;1.48.0;1.48;1.47.0;1.47;1.46.1;1.46.0;1.46;1.45.0;1.45;1.44.0;1.44;1.43.0;1.43;1.42.0;1.42;1.41.0;1.41;1.40.0;1.40;1.39.0;1.39;1.38.0;1.38;1.37.0;1.37;1.36.1;1.36.0;1.36;1.35.1;1.35.0;1.35;1.34.1;1.34.0;1.34;1.33.1;1.33.0;1.33
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:568 ] Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED = TRUE
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:570 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS = ON
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:572 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME = ON
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:574 ] Boost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS = 
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:576 ] Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS = 
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:644 ] Declared as CMake or Environmental Variables:
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:646 ]   BOOST_ROOT = /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:648 ]   BOOST_INCLUDEDIR = /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:650 ]   BOOST_LIBRARYDIR = /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:652 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54;1.53.0;1.53;1.52.0;1.52;1.51.0;1.51;1.50.0;1.50;1.49.0;1.49;1.48.0;1.48;1.47.0;1.47;1.46.1;1.46.0;1.46;1.45.0;1.45;1.44.0;1.44;1.43.0;1.43;1.42.0;1.42;1.41.0;1.41;1.40.0;1.40;1.39.0;1.39;1.38.0;1.38;1.37.0;1.37;1.36.1;1.36.0;1.36;1.35.1;1.35.0;1.35;1.34.1;1.34.0;1.34;1.33.1;1.33.0;1.33
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:734 ] location of version.hpp: /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53/boost/version.hpp
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:754 ] version.hpp reveals boost 1.53.0
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:786 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -gcc46
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:796 ] _boost_MULTITHREADED = -mt
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:839 ] _boost_RELEASE_ABI_TAG = -s
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:841 ] _boost_DEBUG_ABI_TAG = -sd
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:884 ] _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS = /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib;/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib;/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/stage/lib;/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53/lib;/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53/../lib;/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53/stage/lib;C:/boost/lib;C:/boost;/boost/boost_1_53_0/lib;/boost/boost_1_53/lib;/boost/lib;/boost;/sw/local/lib
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:962 ] Searching for THREAD-GCC-MT-1_53_LIBRARY_RELEASE: boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-s-1_53;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-s;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-s-1_53;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-s;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:994 ] Searching for THREAD-GCC-MT-1_53_LIBRARY_DEBUG: boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-sd-1_53;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-sd;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-sd-1_53;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-sd;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53-mt;boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:962 ] Searching for DATE_TIME-GCC-MT-1_53_LIBRARY_RELEASE: boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-s-1_53;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-s;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-s-1_53;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-s;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:994 ] Searching for DATE_TIME-GCC-MT-1_53_LIBRARY_DEBUG: boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-sd-1_53;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-gcc46-mt-sd;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-sd-1_53;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-mt-sd;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53-mt;boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53
-- [ /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1108 ] Boost_FOUND = FALSE
CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1195 (message):
  Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.

  Boost version: 1.53.0

  Boost include path:
  /home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/include/boost-1_53

  The following Boost libraries could not be found:

          boost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53
          boost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53

  No Boost libraries were found.  You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
  directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of
  Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  src/CMakeLists.txt:15 (find_package)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

所以我看到 CMake 正在这个确切目录中搜索库:/home/neb/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib其中有编译好的静态库:

neb@neb-VirtualBox:~/workspace/SDLActivityCMAKE/jni/boost/lib$ ls -l
total 24440
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb   557190 sie 27 12:36 libboost_date_time-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb  1348474 sie 27 12:36 libboost_filesystem-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb   827216 sie 27 12:36 libboost_iostreams-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb  6813972 sie 27 12:36 libboost_program_options-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb 12927086 sie 27 12:37 libboost_regex-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb  1197696 sie 27 12:37 libboost_signals-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb   159462 sie 27 12:36 libboost_system-gcc-mt-1_53.a
-rwxrwxrwx 1 neb neb  1177994 sie 27 12:37 libboost_thread-gcc-mt-1_53.a`

我设置了所有指向我能找到的 BOOST 目录的变量，我设置了变量说 Boost 库应该是静态的，但它仍然找不到它们。我还能做什么？

Answer 1

使用 CMake 寻找 Boost

首先让我说让 CMake 找到 Boost 可能很困难，因为 FindBoost.cmake 中的自动魔法会咬你，而 CMake 的制造商 KitWare 拥有任何流行项目中最糟糕的文档我曾经遇到过。如果失败，您必须遍历 FindBoost.cmake 的源代码来调试它。

交叉编译的Boost

假设 1.62.0，你安装交叉编译的 boost 的目录是这样的

boost-arm-build/include
boost-arm-build/include/boost-1_62
boost-arm-build/lib

从 Project-Build 目录调用 CMake

cmake \
   -DBoost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS=TRUE \
   -DBoost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS="1.62" \
   -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../android.toolchain \
   -DBOOST_ROOT="../boost-arm-build" \
   ../Project/

-DBoost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS - CMake 使用硬编码的字符串列表查找 Boost，如果您的 CMake 比您正在构建的 Boost 版本旧，它将不知道在 include 目录中查找的位置，因此你需要传递它。虽然版本实际上是 1.62.0，但 boost 将 includes 放在 boost-1_62 中，所以我改用 1.62。在 FindBoost.cmake 中，您会发现每个版本都添加了两次，例如“1.62.0”和“1.62”正是出于这个原因。

您还应该检查您构建的库的文件名，对于我的示例，让我们看看系统:

libboost_system-gcc-mt-1_62.a
libboost_system-gcc-mt-1_62.so    # Symbolic link to libboost_system-gcc-mt-1_62.so.1.62.0
libboost_system-gcc-mt-1_62.so.1.62.0
libboost_system-gcc-mt-d-1_62.a
libboost_system-gcc-mt-d-1_62.so  # Symbolic link to libboost_system-gcc-mt-d-1_62.so.1.62.0
libboost_system-gcc-mt-d-1_62.so.1.62.0

• gcc - 使用的编译器
• mt - 多线程
• d - 调试
• 1_62 - 显然是 boost 的版本

如果您看到的是 libboost_system.a，则表示您未能使用 --with-layout=versioned 构建 boost，应该查看我的 SO Answer on building boost using the NDK .如果您看到 clang 而不是 gcc，那么您已经使用 clang 构建了 boost，但您可能需要使用 Boost_COMPILER 标志通知 CMake clang 存在。

-DBoost_COMPILER="-clang"

android.toolchain 文件

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Android)

set(CROSS_COMPILER_DIR /opt/ndk-R13-standalone)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILER_DIR}/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${CROSS_COMPILER_DIR}/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++)

set(ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL android-19)
set(ANDROID_ABI armeabi-v7a)
set(ANDROID_STL gnustl_static)

set(CMAKE_SYSROOT ${CROSS_COMPILER_DIR}/sysroot)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH ${CMAKE_SYSROOT})

# search for programs in the build host directories
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)