Hadoop : NoSuchMethodException

Question

这是连接两个关系的作业，

import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.contrib.utils.join.*;
import java.io.*;

public class TwoByTwo extends Configured implements Tool
{
    public static class MapClass extends DataJoinMapperBase
    {
        protected Text generateInputTag( String inputFile)
        {
            String datasource = inputFile.split( "\\.")[ 0];
            return new Text( datasource);
        }//end generateInputTag

        protected Text generateGroupKey( TaggedMapOutput aRecord)
        {
            String line =  ( ( Text) aRecord.getData()).toString();
            //between two relations there may be more than one common attributes
            //so group key has to include all these common attributes. Common
            //attributes begin with an '_'( underscore).
            String[] tokens = line.split(",");
            String groupKey = "";
            for( String s : tokens)
            {
                if( s.charAt( 0) == '_')
                {
                    groupKey = groupKey + s;
                }
            }
            return new Text( groupKey);
        }//end generateGroupKey

        protected TaggedMapOutput generateTaggedMapOutput( Object value)
        {
            TaggedWritable retv = new TaggedWritable( ( Text) value);
            retv.setTag( this.inputTag);
            return retv;
        }//end TaggedMapOutput
    }//end MapClass

    public static class Reduce extends DataJoinReducerBase
    {
        protected TaggedMapOutput combine( Object[] tags, Object[] values)
        {
            if( tags.length < 2)
            {
                return null;
            }
            String joinedStr = "";
            for( int i = 0; i < values.length; i++)
            {
                if( i > 0)
                {
                    joinedStr += ",";
                }
                TaggedWritable tw = ( TaggedWritable) values[ i];
                String line = ( ( Text) tw.getData()).toString();
                String[] tokens = line.split( ",", 2);
                joinedStr += tokens[ 1];
            }
            TaggedWritable retv = new TaggedWritable( new Text( joinedStr));
            retv.setTag( ( Text) tags[ 0]);
            return retv;
        }//end TaggedMapOutput
    }//end Reduce

    public static class TaggedWritable extends TaggedMapOutput
    {
        private Writable data;

        public TaggedWritable( Writable data)
        {
            this.tag = new Text( "");
            this.data = data;
        }//end TaggedWritable

        public Writable getData()
        {
            return data;
        }//end getData

        public void write( DataOutput out) throws IOException
        {
            this.tag.write( out);
            this.data.write( out);
        }//end write

        public void readFields( DataInput in) throws IOException
        {
            this.tag.readFields( in);
            this.data.readFields( in);      
        }//end readFields
    }//end TaggedWritable

    public int run( String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        Configuration conf = getConf();

        JobConf job = new JobConf( conf, TwoByTwo.class);

        Path in  = new Path( "relations/");
        Path out = new Path( "relout/");
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths( job, in);
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath( job, out);

        job.setJobName( "TwoByTwo");
        job.setMapperClass( MapClass.class);
        job.setReducerClass( Reduce.class);

        job.setInputFormat( TextInputFormat.class);
        job.setOutputFormat( TextOutputFormat.class);
        job.setOutputKeyClass( Text.class);
        job.setOutputValueClass( TaggedWritable.class);
        job.set("mapred.textoutputformat.separator", ",");

        JobClient.runJob( job);
        return 0;
    }//end run

    public static void main( String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        int res = ToolRunner.run( new Configuration(), new TwoByTwo(), args);

        System.exit( res);
    }//end main
}

当我运行这个作业时，

bin/hadoop jar /home/hduser/TwoByTwo.jar TwoByTwo -libjars /usr/local/hadoop/contrib/datajoin/hadoop-datajoin-1.0.3.jar

MapClass 正常运行。当 Reduce 在运行一段时间后运行时，我得到这个 NoSuchMethodException

12/10/18 16:38:17 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 27%
12/10/18 16:38:19 INFO mapred.JobClient: Task Id : attempt_201210181416_0013_r_000000_0, Status : FAILED
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: TwoByTwo$TaggedWritable.<init>()
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:115)
    at org.apache.hadoop.io.serializer.WritableSerialization$WritableDeserializer.deserialize(WritableSerialization.java:62)
    at org.apache.hadoop.io.serializer.WritableSerialization$WritableDeserializer.deserialize(WritableSerialization.java:40)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Task$ValuesIterator.readNextValue(Task.java:1271)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Task$ValuesIterator.next(Task.java:1211)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask$ReduceValuesIterator.moveToNext(ReduceTask.java:249)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask$ReduceValuesIterator.next(ReduceTask.java:245)
    at org.apache.hadoop.contrib.utils.join.DataJoinReducerBase.regroup(DataJoinReducerBase.java:106)
    at org.apache.hadoop.contrib.utils.join.DataJoinReducerBase.reduce(DataJoinReducerBase.java:129)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask.runOldReducer(ReduceTask.java:519)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ReduceTask.run(ReduceTask.java:420)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child$4.run(Child.java:255)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
    at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1121)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Child.main(Child.java:249)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: TwoByTwo$TaggedWritable.<init>()
    at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:2721)
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.java:2002)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils.newInstance(ReflectionUtils.java:109)
    ... 15 more

我对嵌套类 TaggedWritable 有疑问。为什么我在 reduce 端而不是 map 端遇到此类问题？我该如何解决这个错误？两个关系的约束对错误有什么影响？感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

类 TaggedWritable 没有空构造函数，因此在应该读取序列化数据的 reduce 阶段应用程序失败，因为无法创建 TaggedWritable 类型的键通过反射。您应该添加一个空的构造函数。

您的映射阶段成功完成，因为在映射阶段您的映射器创建了 TaggedWritable 类型的键本身。