Windows:如何将文件规范化到特殊文件夹？

Question

我想为用户保留一些文件名(例如最近的文件)。

让我们使用六个示例文件:

• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\Budget.xls
• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\Application Data\uTorrent
• c:\Documents & Settings\All Users\Application Data\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
• c:\Develop\readme.txt
• c:\Program Files\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

我现在正在对特殊文件夹的路径进行硬编码。如果用户重定向他们的文件夹、漫游到另一台计算机或升级他们的操作系统，路径将被破坏:

我想成为一名优秀的开发人员，并将这些硬编码的绝对路径从适当的特殊文件夹转换为相对路径:

• %CSIDL_Personal%\Budget.xls
• %CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_AppData%\uTorrent
• %CSIDL_Common_AppData%\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
• c:\Develop\readme.txt
• %CSIDL_Program_Files%\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

困难在于同一个文件可以有多种表示形式，例如:

• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_Personal%\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg

另请注意，在 Windows XP 中，My Pictures 存储在 My Documents 中:

%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures

但在 Vista/7 上它们是分开的:

%CSIDL_Profile%\Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\Pictures

Note: i realize the syntax%CSIDL_xxx%\filename.ext is not valid; thatWindows will not expand those keywordslike they are environment strings. i'm onlyusing it as a way to ask thisquestion. Internally i would obviouslystore the items some other way, perhaps as a CSIDL parentand the tail of the path, e.g.:

 CSIDL_Personal         \Budget.xls
 CSIDL_MyPictures       \Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
 CSIDL_AppData          \uTorrent
 CSIDL_Common_AppData   \Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
 -1                     c:\Develop\readme.txt   (-1, since 0 is a valid csidl)
 CSIDL_Program_Files    \Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

问题变成了，如何尽可能多地使用与规范特殊文件夹相关的路径？

---

我在想:

void CanonicalizeSpecialPath(String path, ref CSLID cslid, ref String relativePath)
{
   return "todo";
}

另见

• MSDN:CSIDL Enumeration
• 新旧事物:Beware of roaming user profiles
• 新旧事物:Beware of redirected folders, too
• MSDN:PathCanonicalize Function

Answer 1

我想您可以找出 CSIDL 如何映射到路径(使用类似于 SHGetKnownFolderPath 的东西)，构建它们的反向字典，然后检查您要存储的路径的开头是否与字典，然后删除开头并存储匹配的 CSIDL。

不是太优雅，但应该可以完成工作。