windows - 我可以确定我的单元的初始化顺序吗？

Question

我正在寻找一个可能与单元初始化顺序有关的错误。有没有办法查看什么时候执行了哪个initialization部分？我需要知道顺序。这是在调试期间，所以我拥有 Delphi IDE 的全部功能，在我的例子中是 Delphi 2009。

我可以设置断点，但是当有很多单元时这会很乏味。

你有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

这里是我刚在D2010测试过的一些代码，注意需要在System.InitUnits中设置断点，获取InitContext var(@InitContext)的地址。然后修改 CtxPtr 以在仍在运行时使用此地址。 (也许有人知道更聪明的方法)。

procedure TForm3.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  sl: TStringList;
  ps: PShortString;
  CtxPtr: PInitContext;
begin
  // Get the address by setting a BP in SysUtils.InitUnits (or map file?)
  CtxPtr := PInitContext($4C3AE8);

  sl := TStringList.Create;
  try
    ps := CtxPtr^.Module^.TypeInfo^.UnitNames;

    for i := 0 to CtxPtr^.Module^.TypeInfo^.UnitCount - 1 do
    begin
      sl.Add(ps^);
      // Move to next unit
      DWORD(ps) := DWORD(ps) + Length(ps^) + 1;
    end;

    Memo1.Lines.Assign(sl);
  finally
    sl.Free;
  end;
end;

/编辑:这是一个使用 JclDebug 和映射文件的版本:

type
  TForm3 = class(TForm)
  ...
  private
    { Private declarations }
    var
      Segments: array of DWORD;
    procedure PublicsByValue(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress; const Name: string);
    procedure MapSegment(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress; Len: Integer; const GroupName, UnitName: string);
    procedure MapClassTable(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress; Len: Integer; const SectionName, GroupName: string);
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Form3: TForm3;
  CtxPtr: PInitContext = nil; // Global var

procedure TForm3.MapClassTable(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress;
  Len: Integer; const SectionName, GroupName: string);
begin
  SetLength(Segments, Length(Segments) + 1);
  SegMents[Address.Segment-1] := Address.Offset;
end;

procedure TForm3.PublicsByValue(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress;
  const Name: string);
const
  InitContextStr = 'System.InitContext';
begin
  if RightStr(Name, Length(InitContextStr)) = InitContextStr then
  begin
    CtxPtr := PInitContext(Segments[Address.Segment-1] + Address.Offset);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm3.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  MapParser: TJclMapParser;
  MapFile: String;
  sl: TStringList;
  ps: PShortString;
  i: Integer;
begin
  MapFile := ChangeFileExt(Application.ExeName, '.map');

  MapParser := TJclMapParser.Create(MapFile);
  try
    MapParser.OnPublicsByValue := PublicsByValue;
    MapParser.OnClassTable := MapClassTable;
    MapParser.Parse;
  finally
    MapParser.Free;
  end;

  if CtxPtr = nil then
    Exit;

  sl := TStringList.Create;
  try
    ps := CtxPtr^.Module^.TypeInfo^.UnitNames;

    for i := 0 to CtxPtr^.Module^.TypeInfo^.UnitCount - 1 do
    begin
      sl.Add(ps^);
      // Move to next unit
      DWORD(ps) := DWORD(ps) + Length(ps^) + 1;
    end;

    Memo1.Lines.Assign(sl);
  finally
    sl.Free;
  end;
end;

我的输出:

Variants
VarUtils
Windows
Types
SysInit
System
SysConst
SysUtils
Character
RTLConsts
Math
StrUtils
ImageHlp
MainUnit
JwaWinNetWk
JwaWinType
JwaWinNT
JwaWinDLLNames
JwaWinError
StdCtrls
Dwmapi
UxTheme
SyncObjs
Classes
ActiveX
Messages
TypInfo
TimeSpan
CommCtrl
Themes
Controls
Forms
StdActns
ComCtrls
CommDlg
ShlObj
StructuredQueryCondition
PropSys
ObjectArray
UrlMon
WinInet
RegStr
ShellAPI
ComStrs
Consts
Printers
Graphics
Registry
IniFiles
IOUtils
Masks
DateUtils
Wincodec
WinSpool
ActnList
Menus
ImgList
Contnrs
GraphUtil
ZLib
ListActns
ExtCtrls
Dialogs
HelpIntfs
MultiMon
Dlgs
WideStrUtils
ToolWin
RichEdit
Clipbrd
FlatSB
Imm
TpcShrd

/EDIT2:这里是 D2009 的版本(需要 JclDebug):

unit MainUnit;

interface

uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, StrUtils, JclDebug, StdCtrls;

type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    Button1: TButton;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    var
      Segments: array of DWORD;
    procedure PublicsByValue(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress; const Name: string);
    procedure MapClassTable(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress; Len: Integer; const SectionName, GroupName: string);
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;
  CtxPtr: PInitContext = nil; // Global var
  Symbols: TStringList;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  MapParser: TJclMapParser;
  MapFile: String;
  sl: TStringList;
  ps: PShortString;
  i: Integer;
  s: String;
  Idx: Integer;
begin
  MapFile := ChangeFileExt(Application.ExeName, '.map');

  MapParser := TJclMapParser.Create(MapFile);
  try
    MapParser.OnPublicsByValue := PublicsByValue;
    MapParser.OnClassTable := MapClassTable;
    Memo1.Lines.BeginUpdate;
    MapParser.Parse;
    Memo1.Lines.EndUpdate;

  finally
    MapParser.Free;
  end;

  if CtxPtr = nil then
    Exit;

  sl := TStringList.Create;
  try

    for i := 0 to CtxPtr^.InitTable.UnitCount-1 do
    begin
      if Assigned(CtxPtr^.InitTable.UnitInfo^[i].Init) then
      begin
        s := Format('$%.8x', [DWORD(CtxPtr^.InitTable.UnitInfo^[i].Init)]);
        Idx := Symbols.IndexOfObject(TObject(CtxPtr^.InitTable.UnitInfo^[i].Init));
        if Idx > -1 then
        begin
          Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('%.4d: %s', [i, Symbols[Idx]]));
        end;
      end;
    end;

  finally
    sl.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.MapClassTable(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress;
  Len: Integer; const SectionName, GroupName: string);
begin
  SetLength(Segments, Length(Segments) + 1);
  SegMents[Address.Segment-1] := Address.Offset;
end;

procedure TForm1.PublicsByValue(Sender: TObject; const Address: TJclMapAddress;
  const Name: string);
const
  InitContextStr = 'System.InitContext';
begin
  if RightStr(Name, Length(InitContextStr)) = InitContextStr then
  begin
    CtxPtr := PInitContext(Segments[Address.Segment-1] + Address.Offset);
  end
  else begin
    Symbols.AddObject(Name, TObject(Segments[Address.Segment-1] + Address.Offset));
  end;
end;

initialization
  Symbols := TStringList.Create;
  Symbols.Sorted := True;
  Symbols.Duplicates := dupIgnore;

finalization
  FreeAndNil(Symbols);

end.

我系统上的输出(Unitname.Unitname 实际上是 Unitname.Initialization):

0001: System.System
0003: Windows.Windows
0011: SysUtils.SysUtils
0012: VarUtils.VarUtils
0013: Variants.Variants
0014: TypInfo.TypInfo
0016: Classes.Classes
0017: IniFiles.IniFiles
0018: Registry.Registry
0020: Graphics.Graphics
0023: SyncObjs.SyncObjs
0024: UxTheme.UxTheme
0025: MultiMon.MultiMon
0027: ActnList.ActnList
0028: DwmApi.DwmApi
0029: Controls.Controls
0030: Themes.Themes
0032: Menus.Menus
0033: HelpIntfs.HelpIntfs
0034: FlatSB.FlatSB
0036: Printers.Printers
0047: GraphUtil.GraphUtil
0048: ExtCtrls.ExtCtrls
0051: ComCtrls.ComCtrls
0054: Dialogs.Dialogs
0055: Clipbrd.Clipbrd
0057: Forms.Forms
0058: JclResources.JclResources
0059: JclBase.JclBase
0061: JclWin32.JclWin32
0063: ComObj.ComObj
0064: AnsiStrings.AnsiStrings
0065: JclLogic.JclLogic
0066: JclStringConversions.JclStringConversions
0067: JclCharsets.JclCharsets
0068: Jcl8087.Jcl8087
0073: JclIniFiles.JclIniFiles
0074: JclSysInfo.JclSysInfo
0075: JclUnicode.JclUnicode
0076: JclWideStrings.JclWideStrings
0077: JclRegistry.JclRegistry
0078: JclSynch.JclSynch
0079: JclMath.JclMath
0080: JclStreams.JclStreams
0081: JclAnsiStrings.JclAnsiStrings
0082: JclStrings.JclStrings
0083: JclShell.JclShell
0084: JclSecurity.JclSecurity
0085: JclDateTime.JclDateTime
0086: JclFileUtils.JclFileUtils
0087: JclConsole.JclConsole
0088: JclSysUtils.JclSysUtils
0089: JclUnitVersioning.JclUnitVersioning
0090: JclPeImage.JclPeImage
0091: JclTD32.JclTD32
0092: JclHookExcept.JclHookExcept
0093: JclDebug.JclDebug
0094: MainUnit.MainUnit