c# - 如何获得实际的监视器名称？如分辨率对话框中所示

Question

我正在尝试为我的系统上的监视器获取友好名称。我正在使用 C#。

我试过 Screen，它只给我 //./DisplayXX。我还尝试了 Win32_DesktopMonitor 和 EnumDisplayDevices，它们都给我了 //./DisplayXX 或 Generic Monitor，而我知道我的显示名称是 SyncMaster 和 SM2333T。

现在 Windows 知道这些监视器是什么，并在设备和打印机窗口中以正确的名称显示它们，并在设置位置和分辨率的对话框中显示它们。

我可以从哪里获取这些名称？我查看了注册表但似乎找不到它们，所以任何帮助都会很棒。

解决方案:我遇到的问题是在第二次调用 EnumDisplayDevices 时，我再次将 iDevNum 设置为 id，这意味着我试图从错误的位置获取数据，然后我替换了这个使用 0，并且它完美地工作，请参见下面的代码。

    var device = new DISPLAY_DEVICE();
    device.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(device);
    try
    {
        for (uint id = 0; EnumDisplayDevices(null, id, ref device, 0); id++)
        { 
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {4}, {5}", id, device.DeviceName, device.DeviceString, device.StateFlags, device.DeviceID, device.DeviceKey));
                Console.WriteLine();
                device.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(device);

                EnumDisplayDevices(device.DeviceName, 0, ref device, 0);

                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {4}, {5}", id, device.DeviceName, device.DeviceString, device.StateFlags, device.DeviceID, device.DeviceKey));
                device.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(device);

                device.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(device);
                return;
            }

        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}", ex.ToString()));
    }

Answer 1

仔细检查!这就是你要找的，您现在可以编写 Screen.PrimaryScreen.DeviceFriendlyName() 并获取监视器设备的真实名称。
(是的，它与解析对话框中看到的名称相同)

虽然我确实添加了一些个人风格来包装这段代码，但我并没有创建它的硬核部分，因此，我要感谢 2 位开发人员，提供 C++ 基础知识的 MS 开发人员和将这些基础知识翻译成 C# 代码的匿名开发人员。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Tools;

namespace ConsoleApplication35
{
    internal class Program
    {

        private static void Main()
        {

            Console.WriteLine(Screen.PrimaryScreen.DeviceFriendlyName());

            //output: ASUS MK241

            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

namespace Tools
{
    public static class ScreenInterrogatory
    {
        public const int ERROR_SUCCESS = 0;

        #region enums

        public enum QUERY_DEVICE_CONFIG_FLAGS : uint
        {
            QDC_ALL_PATHS = 0x00000001,
            QDC_ONLY_ACTIVE_PATHS = 0x00000002,
            QDC_DATABASE_CURRENT = 0x00000004
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_OTHER = 0xFFFFFFFF,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_HD15 = 0,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_SVIDEO = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_COMPOSITE_VIDEO = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_COMPONENT_VIDEO = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_DVI = 4,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_HDMI = 5,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_LVDS = 6,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_D_JPN = 8,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_SDI = 9,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_DISPLAYPORT_EXTERNAL = 10,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_DISPLAYPORT_EMBEDDED = 11,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_UDI_EXTERNAL = 12,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_UDI_EMBEDDED = 13,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_SDTVDONGLE = 14,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_MIRACAST = 15,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_INTERNAL = 0x80000000,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_UNSPECIFIED = 0,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_PROGRESSIVE = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_INTERLACED = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_INTERLACED_UPPERFIELDFIRST = DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_INTERLACED,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_INTERLACED_LOWERFIELDFIRST = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION_IDENTITY = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION_ROTATE90 = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION_ROTATE180 = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION_ROTATE270 = 4,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_IDENTITY = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_CENTERED = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_STRETCHED = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_ASPECTRATIOCENTEREDMAX = 4,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_CUSTOM = 5,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_PREFERRED = 128,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_8BPP = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_16BPP = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_24BPP = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_32BPP = 4,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_NONGDI = 5,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xffffffff
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE_SOURCE = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE_TARGET = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        public enum DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE : uint
        {
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_SOURCE_NAME = 1,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_TARGET_NAME = 2,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_TARGET_PREFERRED_MODE = 3,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_ADAPTER_NAME = 4,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_SET_TARGET_PERSISTENCE = 5,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_TARGET_BASE_TYPE = 6,
            DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_FORCE_UINT32 = 0xFFFFFFFF
        }

        #endregion

        #region structs

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct LUID
        {
            public uint LowPart;
            public int HighPart;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_SOURCE_INFO
        {
            public LUID adapterId;
            public uint id;
            public uint modeInfoIdx;
            public uint statusFlags;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_TARGET_INFO
        {
            public LUID adapterId;
            public uint id;
            public uint modeInfoIdx;
            private DISPLAYCONFIG_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY outputTechnology;
            private DISPLAYCONFIG_ROTATION rotation;
            private DISPLAYCONFIG_SCALING scaling;
            private DISPLAYCONFIG_RATIONAL refreshRate;
            private DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING scanLineOrdering;
            public bool targetAvailable;
            public uint statusFlags;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_RATIONAL
        {
            public uint Numerator;
            public uint Denominator;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_INFO
        {
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_SOURCE_INFO sourceInfo;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_TARGET_INFO targetInfo;
            public uint flags;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_2DREGION
        {
            public uint cx;
            public uint cy;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_VIDEO_SIGNAL_INFO
        {
            public ulong pixelRate;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_RATIONAL hSyncFreq;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_RATIONAL vSyncFreq;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_2DREGION activeSize;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_2DREGION totalSize;
            public uint videoStandard;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_SCANLINE_ORDERING scanLineOrdering;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_MODE
        {
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_VIDEO_SIGNAL_INFO targetVideoSignalInfo;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct POINTL
        {
            private int x;
            private int y;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_SOURCE_MODE
        {
            public uint width;
            public uint height;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_PIXELFORMAT pixelFormat;
            public POINTL position;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_UNION
        {
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_MODE targetMode;

            [FieldOffset(0)]
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_SOURCE_MODE sourceMode;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO
        {
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE infoType;
            public uint id;
            public LUID adapterId;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_UNION modeInfo;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME_FLAGS
        {
            public uint value;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_HEADER
        {
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE type;
            public uint size;
            public LUID adapterId;
            public uint id;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        public struct DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME
        {
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_HEADER header;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME_FLAGS flags;
            public DISPLAYCONFIG_VIDEO_OUTPUT_TECHNOLOGY outputTechnology;
            public ushort edidManufactureId;
            public ushort edidProductCodeId;
            public uint connectorInstance;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 64)]
            public string monitorFriendlyDeviceName;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
            public string monitorDevicePath;
        }

        #endregion

        #region DLL-Imports

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int GetDisplayConfigBufferSizes(
            QUERY_DEVICE_CONFIG_FLAGS flags, out uint numPathArrayElements, out uint numModeInfoArrayElements);

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int QueryDisplayConfig(
            QUERY_DEVICE_CONFIG_FLAGS flags,
            ref uint numPathArrayElements, [Out] DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_INFO[] PathInfoArray,
            ref uint numModeInfoArrayElements, [Out] DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO[] ModeInfoArray,
            IntPtr currentTopologyId
            );

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int DisplayConfigGetDeviceInfo(ref DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME deviceName);

        #endregion

        private static string MonitorFriendlyName(LUID adapterId, uint targetId)
        {
            var deviceName = new DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME
            {
                header =
                {
                    size = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof (DISPLAYCONFIG_TARGET_DEVICE_NAME)),
                    adapterId = adapterId,
                    id = targetId,
                    type = DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_TYPE.DISPLAYCONFIG_DEVICE_INFO_GET_TARGET_NAME
                }
            };
            var error = DisplayConfigGetDeviceInfo(ref deviceName);
            if (error != ERROR_SUCCESS)
                throw new Win32Exception(error);
            return deviceName.monitorFriendlyDeviceName;
        }

        private static IEnumerable<string> GetAllMonitorsFriendlyNames()
        {
            uint pathCount, modeCount;
            var error = GetDisplayConfigBufferSizes(QUERY_DEVICE_CONFIG_FLAGS.QDC_ONLY_ACTIVE_PATHS, out pathCount, out modeCount);
            if (error != ERROR_SUCCESS)
                throw new Win32Exception(error);

            var displayPaths = new DISPLAYCONFIG_PATH_INFO[pathCount];
            var displayModes = new DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO[modeCount];
            error = QueryDisplayConfig(QUERY_DEVICE_CONFIG_FLAGS.QDC_ONLY_ACTIVE_PATHS,
                ref pathCount, displayPaths, ref modeCount, displayModes, IntPtr.Zero);
            if (error != ERROR_SUCCESS)
                throw new Win32Exception(error);

            for (var i = 0; i < modeCount; i++)
                if (displayModes[i].infoType == DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE.DISPLAYCONFIG_MODE_INFO_TYPE_TARGET)
                    yield return MonitorFriendlyName(displayModes[i].adapterId, displayModes[i].id);
        }

        public static string DeviceFriendlyName(this Screen screen)
        {
            var allFriendlyNames = GetAllMonitorsFriendlyNames();
            for (var index = 0; index < Screen.AllScreens.Length; index++)
                if (Equals(screen, Screen.AllScreens[index]))
                    return allFriendlyNames.ToArray()[index];
            return null;
        }

    }

}