- android - RelativeLayout 背景可绘制重叠内容
- android - 如何链接 cpufeatures lib 以获取 native android 库?
- java - OnItemClickListener 不起作用,但 OnLongItemClickListener 在自定义 ListView 中起作用
- java - Android 文件转字符串
这是 another question here on SO 的后续.
我有这两个数据库表(省略了更多表):
acquisitions (acq)
id {PK}
id_cu {FK}
datetime
{ Unique Constraint: id_cu - datetime }
data
id {PK}
id_acq {FK acquisitions}
id_meas
id_elab
value
id
和
datetime
是
全部 索引。
data.value
对于选定的 acq.id_cu - data.id_meas - data.id_elab
组合。 (见帖子底部的注释)SELECT datetime, MAX(v1) AS v1, MAX(v2) AS v2, MAX(v3) AS v3 FROM (
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, data.value AS v1, NULL AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 3 AND data.id_meas = 2 AND data.id_elab = 1
UNION
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, data.value AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 5 AND data.id_meas = 4 AND data.id_elab = 6
UNION
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, NULL AS v2, data.value AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 7 AND data.id_meas = 9 AND data.id_elab = 8
) AS T
WHERE datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
GROUP BY datetime
EXPLAIN EXTENDED
对于上面的查询:
+----+--------------+--------------+------+------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+----------------------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+--------------+--------------+------+------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+----------------------------------------------+
| 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 82466 | 100.00 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort |
| 2 | DERIVED | acquisitions | ref | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 4 | | 18011 | 100.00 | |
| 2 | DERIVED | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 3 | UNION | acquisitions | ref | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | ix_acquisitions_id_cu | 4 | | 20864 | 100.00 | |
| 3 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 4 | UNION | acquisitions | ref | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 4 | | 31848 | 100.00 | |
| 4 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| NULL | UNION RESULT | <union2,3,4> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | |
+----+--------------+--------------+------+------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+----------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (8.24 sec)
SELECT datetime, MAX(v1) AS v1, MAX(v2) AS v2, MAX(v3) AS v3 FROM (
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, data.value AS v1, NULL AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 3 AND data.id_meas = 2 AND data.id_elab = 1
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
UNION ALL
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, data.value AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 5 AND data.id_meas = 4 AND data.id_elab = 6
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
UNION ALL
SELECT acq.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, NULL AS v2, data.value AS v3
FROM acq INNER JOIN data ON acq.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acq.id_cu = 7 AND data.id_meas = 9 AND data.id_elab = 8
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
) AS T GROUP BY datetime
EXPLAIN EXTENDED
:
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
| 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 51997 | 100.00 | Using temporary; Using filesort |
| 2 | DERIVED | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 14827 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 2 | DERIVED | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 3 | UNION | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 18663 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 3 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 4 | UNION | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 13260 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 4 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| NULL | UNION RESULT | <union2,3,4> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | |
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (3.01 sec)
3.
EXPLAIN EXTENDED SELECT datetime, MAX(v1) AS v1, MAX(v2) AS v2, MAX(v3) AS v3 FROM (
SELECT acquisitions.datetime AS datetime, MAX(data.value) AS v1, NULL AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acquisitions INNER JOIN data ON acquisitions.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acquisitions.id_cu = 1 AND data.id_meas = 1 AND data.id_elab = 2
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
GROUP BY datetime
UNION ALL
SELECT acquisitions.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, MAX(data.value) AS v2, NULL AS v3
FROM acquisitions INNER JOIN data ON acquisitions.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acquisitions.id_cu = 4 AND data.id_meas = 1 AND data.id_elab = 2
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
GROUP BY datetime
UNION ALL
SELECT acquisitions.datetime AS datetime, NULL AS v1, NULL AS v2, MAX(data.value) AS v3
FROM acquisitions INNER JOIN data ON acquisitions.id = data.id_acq
WHERE acquisitions.id_cu = 8 AND data.id_meas = 1 AND data.id_elab = 2
AND datetime >= "2011-03-01 00:00:00" AND datetime <= "2011-04-30 23:59:59"
GROUP BY datetime
) AS T GROUP BY datetime;
EXPLAIN EXTENDED
的结果
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
| 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 51997 | 100.00 | Using temporary; Using filesort |
| 2 | DERIVED | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 14827 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 2 | DERIVED | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 3 | UNION | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 18663 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 3 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 4 | UNION | acquisitions | range | PRIMARY,id_cu,ix_acquisitions_datetime,ix_acquisitions_id_cu | id_cu | 12 | NULL | 13260 | 100.00 | Using where |
| 4 | UNION | data | ref | ix_data_id_meas,ix_data_id_acq,ix_data_id_elab | ix_data_id_acq | 4 | sensor.acquisitions.id | 9 | 100.00 | Using where |
| NULL | UNION RESULT | <union2,3,4> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | |
+----+--------------+--------------+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+---------+------------------------+-------+----------+---------------------------------+
8 rows in set, 1 warning (3.06 sec)
MAX(data.value)... GROUP BY datetime
而且,在 60 列查询中,我得到了更好的结果
与 .结果因尝试而异,这是其中之一。
1.
和 2.
4m6.597s 1.
, 2.
和 3.
4m0.210s CASE
: 9.3s CASE
: 13.7s id_cu
一个)与许多
传感器 每个。
id_cu / id_meas
标识夫妇和发送不同
详细说明对于每个度量,例如 MIN (
id_elab=1
)、MAX (
id_elab=2
)、AVERAGE (
id_elab=3
)、INSTANT (
id_elab=...
) 等,每个
id_elab
一个.
id_cu=1 / id_meas=3 / id_elab=3
id_cu=1 / id_meas=5 / id_elab=3
id_cu=4 / id_meas=2 / id_elab=1
id_cu, id_meas, id_elab
组合)CREATE TABLE acquisitions (
id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
id_cu INTEGER NOT NULL,
datetime DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
UNIQUE (id_cu, datetime),
FOREIGN KEY(id_cu) REFERENCES ctrl_units (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
)
CREATE TABLE data (
id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
id_acq INTEGER NOT NULL,
id_meas INTEGER NOT NULL,
id_elab INTEGER NOT NULL,
value FLOAT,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
FOREIGN KEY(id_acq) REFERENCES acquisitions (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
)
CREATE TABLE ctrl_units (
id INTEGER NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
CREATE TABLE sensors (
id_cu INTEGER NOT NULL,
id_meas INTEGER NOT NULL,
id_elab INTEGER NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
`desc` VARCHAR(80),
PRIMARY KEY (id_cu, id_meas),
FOREIGN KEY(id_cu) REFERENCES ctrl_units (id) ON DELETE CASCADE
)
最佳答案
主要有以下三个问题:
select ...
from (
select ... from ... where ...
union all
select ... from ... where ...
union all
...
)
group by ...
select ..., max(foo) as foo
from (
select ..., max(foo) as foo from ... where ... group by ...
union all
select ..., max(foo) as foo from ... where ... group by ...
union all
...
)
group by ...
关于mysql - 优化从同一个表中提取的多列的查询,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5938181/
目前我正在构建相当大的网络系统,我需要强大的 SQL 数据库解决方案。我选择 Mysql 而不是 Postgres,因为一些任务需要只读(MyISAM 引擎)而其他任务需要大量写入(InnoDB)。
我在 mysql 中使用如下命令。当它显示表格数据时,它被格式化为一个非常干净的表格,间距均匀且 |作为列分隔符。 SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME; 当我从 CLI 运行命令时,如下
我知道这个问题之前已经被问过好几次了,我已经解决了很多问题,但到目前为止没有任何效果。 MySQL 试图将自身安装到的目录 (usr/local/mysql) 肯定有问题。关于我的错误的奇怪之处在于我
以下是我的 SQL 数据结构,我正在尝试如下两个查询: Select Wrk_ID, Wrk_LastName, Skill_Desc from Worker, Skill where
我们有一个本地 mysql 服务器(不在公共(public)域上),并希望将该服务器复制到我们拥有的 google 云 sql 实例。我的问题是:1.这可能吗?2.我们的本地服务器只能在本地网络上访问
我有一个表(test_table),其中一些字段值(例如字段 A、B 和 C)是从外部应用程序插入的,还有一个字段(字段 D),我想从现有表(store_table)插入其值,但在插入前者(A、B 和
我想创建一个 AWS RDS 实例,然后使用 terraform 管理数据库用户。因此,首先,我创建了一个 RDS 实例,然后使用创建的 RDS 实例初始化 mysql 提供程序,以进一步将其用于用户
当用户在我的网站上注册时,他们会在我的一个数据库中创建自己的表格。该表存储用户发布的所有帖子。我还想做的是也为他们生成自己的 MySql 用户——该用户仅有权从他们的表中读取、写入和删除。 创建它应该
我有一个关于 ColdFusion 和 Mysql 的问题。我有两个表:PRODUCT 和 PRODUCT_CAT。我想列出包含一些标记为:IS_EXTRANET=1 的特殊产品的类别。所以我写了这个
我想获取 recipes_id 列的值,以获取包含 ingredient_id 的 2,17 和 26 条目的值。 假设 ingredient_id 2 丢失则不获取记录。 我已经尝试过 IN 运算符
在 Ubuntu 中,我通常安装两者,但 MySQL 的客户端和服务器之间有什么区别。 作为奖励,当一个新语句提到它需要 MySQL 5.x 时,它是指客户端、服务器还是两者兼而有之。例如这个链接ht
我重新访问了我的数据库并注意到我有一些 INT 类型的主键。 这还不够独特,所以我想我会有一个指导。 我来自微软 sql 背景,在 ssms 中你可以 选择类型为“uniqeidentifier”并自
我的系统上有 MySQL,我正在尝试确定它是 Oracle MySQL 还是 MySQL。 Oracle MySQL 有区别吗: http://www.oracle.com/us/products/m
我是在生产 MySQL 中运行的应用程序的新维护者。之前的维护者已经离开,留下的文档很少,而且联系不上了。 我面临的问题是执行以下请求大约需要 10 秒: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `
我有两个位于不同机器上的 MySQL 数据库。我想自动将数据从一台服务器传输到另一台服务器。比方说,我希望每天早上 4:00 进行数据传输。 可以吗?是否有任何 MySQL 内置功能可以让我们做到这一
有什么方法可以使用 jdbc 查询位于 mysql 根目录之外的目录中的 mysql 表,还是必须将它们移动到 mysql 根目录内的数据库文件夹中?我在 Google 上搜索时没有找到任何东西。 最
我在 mysql 数据库中有两个表。成员和 ClassNumbers。两个表都有一个付费年份字段,都有一个代码字段。我想用代码数字表中的值更新成员表中的付费年份,其中成员中的代码与 ClassNumb
情况:我有 2 台服务器,其中一台当前托管一个实时 WordPress 站点,我希望能够将该站点转移到另一台服务器,以防第一台服务器出现故障。传输源文件很容易;传输数据库是我需要弄清楚如何做的。两台服
Phpmyadmin 有一个功能是“复制数据库到”..有没有mysql查询来写这个函数?类似于将 db A 复制到新的 db B。 最佳答案 首先创建复制数据库: CREATE DATABASE du
我有一个使用 mySQL 作为后端的库存软件。我已经在我的计算机上对其进行了测试,并且运行良好。 当我在计算机上安装我的软件时,我必须执行以下步骤: 安装 mySQL 服务器 将用户名指定为“root
我是一名优秀的程序员,十分优秀!