c# - 在 WinForms RichTextBox 中重置 RTF 格式而不丢弃其文本？

Question

我正在尝试“重置”我的 RichTextBox(WinForms，而不是 WPF)中的格式。我以前用过

richTextBox.Text = richTextBox.Text;

然而，这似乎突然让我失望了。现在无论我将 richTextBox.Text 设置成什么，它都会保留一些 rtf 格式。

我试过了

richTextBox.Rtf = richTextBox.Text;

但是，这会提示格式不正确。一定有更好的方法来做到这一点。 (当然，选择整个东西，然后重置背景颜色、前景颜色和字体是可行的，但是当整个东西被选中然后取消选择时，这会导致闪烁，而且速度较慢并且需要更多代码。)任何人都有有什么想法吗？

编辑:我已经开始工作了:

string tempTxt = richTextBox.Text;
richTextBox.Clear();
richTextBox.Text = tempTxt;

但一定有更好的方法，对吧？

编辑 2:明确地说，我希望在保留文本的同时删除所有格式。看起来第一次编辑中的代码将会发布，除非其他人有更高效/更好的编码方式。

编辑 3:

richTextBox.Text = richTextBox.Text.ToString();

似乎不起作用，因为它仍然没有清除所有格式。我不喜欢上面第一个编辑中的方法的原因是它在清除文本框然后重新输入文本时使文本框“闪烁”。似乎应该只存在一个 richTextBox.ResetFormatting() 方法，或者某种访问相同功能的方法，因为 Clear() 方法清楚地(没有双关语)除了简单地清除所有文本之外还进行某种格式重置.

总结:

有没有一种方法(如果有，它是什么)来重置 RichTextBox 中文本的格式而不清除上面示例中的文本(因为这会产生不希望的闪烁)？

Answer 1

遗憾的是，我已尽最大努力将其精简为仅包含必需的代码。它仍然很大，但它会起作用。 .Net 中的 RichTextBox api 非常有限，要执行任何操作，您几乎必须将其放入 Win32 库中。我围绕这个东西构建了一个完整的库，这样我就可以切换粗体并确定是否实际上在整个选择中设置了粗体。

用法:

RichTextBox te = ...;
te.ClearAllFormatting(new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25f));

大量代码:

static class RichTextExtensions
{
    public static void ClearAllFormatting(this RichTextBox te, Font font)
    {
        CHARFORMAT2 fmt = new CHARFORMAT2();

        fmt.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(fmt);
        fmt.dwMask = CFM_ALL2;
        fmt.dwEffects = CFE_AUTOCOLOR | CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR;
        fmt.szFaceName = font.FontFamily.Name;

        double size = font.Size;
        size /= 72;//logical dpi (pixels per inch)
        size *= 1440.0;//twips per inch

        fmt.yHeight = (int)size;//165
        fmt.yOffset = 0;
        fmt.crTextColor = 0;
        fmt.bCharSet = 1;// DEFAULT_CHARSET;
        fmt.bPitchAndFamily = 0;// DEFAULT_PITCH;
        fmt.wWeight = 400;// FW_NORMAL;
        fmt.sSpacing = 0;
        fmt.crBackColor = 0;
        //fmt.lcid = ???
        fmt.dwMask &= ~CFM_LCID;//don't know how to get this...
        fmt.dwReserved = 0;
        fmt.sStyle = 0;
        fmt.wKerning = 0;
        fmt.bUnderlineType = 0;
        fmt.bAnimation = 0;
        fmt.bRevAuthor = 0;
        fmt.bReserved1 = 0;

        SendMessage(te.Handle, EM_SETCHARFORMAT, SCF_ALL, ref fmt);
    }

    private const UInt32 WM_USER = 0x0400;
    private const UInt32 EM_GETCHARFORMAT = (WM_USER + 58);
    private const UInt32 EM_SETCHARFORMAT = (WM_USER + 68);
    private const UInt32 SCF_ALL = 0x0004;
    private const UInt32 SCF_SELECTION = 0x0001;

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)]
    static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 Msg, UInt32 wParam, ref CHARFORMAT2 lParam);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    struct CHARFORMAT2
    {
        public int cbSize;
        public uint dwMask;
        public uint dwEffects;
        public int yHeight;
        public int yOffset;
        public int crTextColor;
        public byte bCharSet;
        public byte bPitchAndFamily;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]
        public string szFaceName;
        public short wWeight;
        public short sSpacing;
        public int crBackColor;
        public int lcid;
        public int dwReserved;
        public short sStyle;
        public short wKerning;
        public byte bUnderlineType;
        public byte bAnimation;
        public byte bRevAuthor;
        public byte bReserved1;
    }

    #region CFE_
    // CHARFORMAT effects 
    const UInt32 CFE_BOLD = 0x0001;
    const UInt32 CFE_ITALIC = 0x0002;
    const UInt32 CFE_UNDERLINE = 0x0004;
    const UInt32 CFE_STRIKEOUT = 0x0008;
    const UInt32 CFE_PROTECTED = 0x0010;
    const UInt32 CFE_LINK = 0x0020;
    const UInt32 CFE_AUTOCOLOR = 0x40000000;            // NOTE: this corresponds to 
    // CFM_COLOR, which controls it 
    // Masks and effects defined for CHARFORMAT2 -- an (*) indicates
    // that the data is stored by RichEdit 2.0/3.0, but not displayed
    const UInt32 CFE_SMALLCAPS = CFM_SMALLCAPS;
    const UInt32 CFE_ALLCAPS = CFM_ALLCAPS;
    const UInt32 CFE_HIDDEN = CFM_HIDDEN;
    const UInt32 CFE_OUTLINE = CFM_OUTLINE;
    const UInt32 CFE_SHADOW = CFM_SHADOW;
    const UInt32 CFE_EMBOSS = CFM_EMBOSS;
    const UInt32 CFE_IMPRINT = CFM_IMPRINT;
    const UInt32 CFE_DISABLED = CFM_DISABLED;
    const UInt32 CFE_REVISED = CFM_REVISED;

    // CFE_AUTOCOLOR and CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR correspond to CFM_COLOR and
    // CFM_BACKCOLOR, respectively, which control them
    const UInt32 CFE_AUTOBACKCOLOR = CFM_BACKCOLOR;
    #endregion
    #region CFM_
    // CHARFORMAT masks 
    const UInt32 CFM_BOLD = 0x00000001;
    const UInt32 CFM_ITALIC = 0x00000002;
    const UInt32 CFM_UNDERLINE = 0x00000004;
    const UInt32 CFM_STRIKEOUT = 0x00000008;
    const UInt32 CFM_PROTECTED = 0x00000010;
    const UInt32 CFM_LINK = 0x00000020;         // Exchange hyperlink extension 
    const UInt32 CFM_SIZE = 0x80000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_COLOR = 0x40000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_FACE = 0x20000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_OFFSET = 0x10000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_CHARSET = 0x08000000;

    const UInt32 CFM_SMALLCAPS = 0x0040;            // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_ALLCAPS = 0x0080;          // Displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_HIDDEN = 0x0100;           // Hidden by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_OUTLINE = 0x0200;          // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_SHADOW = 0x0400;           // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_EMBOSS = 0x0800;           // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_IMPRINT = 0x1000;          // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_DISABLED = 0x2000;
    const UInt32 CFM_REVISED = 0x4000;

    const UInt32 CFM_BACKCOLOR = 0x04000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_LCID = 0x02000000;
    const UInt32 CFM_UNDERLINETYPE = 0x00800000;        // Many displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_WEIGHT = 0x00400000;
    const UInt32 CFM_SPACING = 0x00200000;      // Displayed by 3.0 
    const UInt32 CFM_KERNING = 0x00100000;      // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_STYLE = 0x00080000;        // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_ANIMATION = 0x00040000;        // (*)  
    const UInt32 CFM_REVAUTHOR = 0x00008000;

    const UInt32 CFE_SUBSCRIPT = 0x00010000;        // Superscript and subscript are 
    const UInt32 CFE_SUPERSCRIPT = 0x00020000;      //  mutually exclusive           

    const UInt32 CFM_SUBSCRIPT = (CFE_SUBSCRIPT | CFE_SUPERSCRIPT);
    const UInt32 CFM_SUPERSCRIPT = CFM_SUBSCRIPT;

    // CHARFORMAT "ALL" masks
    const UInt32 CFM_EFFECTS = (CFM_BOLD | CFM_ITALIC | CFM_UNDERLINE | CFM_COLOR |
                         CFM_STRIKEOUT | CFE_PROTECTED | CFM_LINK);
    const UInt32 CFM_ALL = (CFM_EFFECTS | CFM_SIZE | CFM_FACE | CFM_OFFSET | CFM_CHARSET);

    const UInt32 CFM_EFFECTS2 = (CFM_EFFECTS | CFM_DISABLED | CFM_SMALLCAPS | CFM_ALLCAPS
                        | CFM_HIDDEN | CFM_OUTLINE | CFM_SHADOW | CFM_EMBOSS
                        | CFM_IMPRINT | CFM_DISABLED | CFM_REVISED
                        | CFM_SUBSCRIPT | CFM_SUPERSCRIPT | CFM_BACKCOLOR);

    const UInt32 CFM_ALL2 = (CFM_ALL | CFM_EFFECTS2 | CFM_BACKCOLOR | CFM_LCID
                        | CFM_UNDERLINETYPE | CFM_WEIGHT | CFM_REVAUTHOR
                        | CFM_SPACING | CFM_KERNING | CFM_STYLE | CFM_ANIMATION);
    #endregion
}

你问的更多？

我通过一个小的实用程序类来使用其中的大部分内容，该类将所有样式和字体更改包装起来。这样你可以改变字体大小而不改变字体名称等。

class RichTextStyle
{   
    private readonly Control _textEdit;
    private readonly CHARFORMAT2 _charFormat;

    public RichTextStyle(RichTextBox te)
    {
        _textEdit = te;
        _charFormat = new CHARFORMAT2();
        _charFormat.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(_charFormat);
        SendMessage(te.Handle, EM_GETCHARFORMAT, SCF_SELECTION, ref _charFormat);
    }

    private void SetEffect(UInt32 mask, UInt32 effect, bool valid)
    {
        CHARFORMAT2 fmt = new CHARFORMAT2();
        fmt.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(fmt);
        fmt.dwMask = mask;
        fmt.dwEffects = valid ? effect : 0;
        SendMessage(_textEdit.Handle, EM_SETCHARFORMAT, SCF_SELECTION, ref fmt);
    }

    private bool GetEffect(UInt32 mask, UInt32 effect)
    {
        return (0 != (_charFormat.dwMask & mask)) && (0 != (_charFormat.dwEffects & effect));
    }

    public bool Bold { get { return GetEffect(CFM_BOLD, CFE_BOLD); } set { SetEffect(CFM_BOLD, CFE_BOLD, value); } }
    public bool Italic { get { return GetEffect(CFM_ITALIC, CFE_ITALIC); } set { SetEffect(CFM_ITALIC, CFE_ITALIC, value); } }

    // ... etc ... etc ... you get the idea.