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mysql - 奇怪的MySQL查询计划: why is this query using temporary & filesort?如何优化?

转载 作者:可可西里 更新时间:2023-11-01 07:08:30 26 4
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我有一个问题:

SELECT *
FROM amp_ads,amp_c,amp_c_countries
WHERE
(amp_c.zone = '24' OR amp_c.zone = '25') AND
amp_ads.ad_complete = '1' AND
amp_ads.ad_type = '17' AND
amp_ads.accept = '1' AND
amp_ads.en_w = '1' AND
amp_c.en_u = '1' AND
amp_c.en_w = '1' AND
(amp_c.i_nu>'0' OR amp_c.c_nu>'0' OR amp_c.d_valid_by>'1299341823' OR amp_c.unlimit='1') AND
(amp_c.i_d_max='0' OR amp_c.i_d_nu>'0') AND
(amp_c.c_d_max='0' OR amp_c.c_d_nu>'0') AND
amp_c.t1<'1299341823' AND
amp_c.t2>'1299341823' AND
amp_c.d7 = '1' AND
(amp_c.some_countr = '0' OR (amp_c_countries.country = 'ES' AND amp_c.n = amp_c_countries.ad AND amp_c.camp = amp_c_countries.c)) AND
amp_c.n = amp_ads.n AND
amp_ads.def = 0
ORDER BY amp_c.price_c desc LIMIT 1

(其实不是SELECT *,不过我简化了SELECT子句,让它不那么乱。)

上述查询的 EXPLAIN 的输出是:

*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: amp_c
type: ref
possible_keys: work,n_index,zone_price
key: zone_price
key_len: 4
ref: const
rows: 79
Extra: Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: amp_ads
type: eq_ref
possible_keys: n,work
key: n
key_len: 4
ref: advertis_admpro.amp_c.n
rows: 1
Extra: Using where
*************************** 3. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: amp_c_countries
type: index
possible_keys: work
key: work
key_len: 12
ref: NULL
rows: 4083
Extra: Using where; Using index; Using join buffer

1) 为什么第一个表 Using temporaryUsing filesortEXPLAIN 表明它正在使用索引 zone_price,它由 2 列组成:(zone, price_c)。所以使用索引根据zone值选择行后,得到的所有行都是price_c的顺序。由于查询是 ORDER BY price_c,因此根本不需要 Using temporaryUsing filesort。我错过了什么?

2) 对于第 3 个表,它应该使用索引 work。但是 ref 是 NULL。这意味着什么? work(ad,c,country) 列组成。因此,当使用 WHERE 子句从 amp_c_countries 中选择行时 (amp_c_countries.country = 'ES' AND amp_c.n = amp_c_countries.ad AND amp_c.camp = amp_c_countries .c),不应该只是简单的索引查找吗? EXPLAIN 中的rows 值为 4083,根据 SHOW TABLE STATUSamp_c_countries 有 4113 行。这是否意味着 MySQL 正在执行完整索引扫描而不是查找?

3) 关于如何解决上述 2 个问题的任何想法? amp_ads 包含 TEXT 列,因此正在创建大量磁盘临时表:

| Created_tmp_disk_tables               | 906952      |
| Created_tmp_files | 11 |
| Created_tmp_tables | 912227 |

show processlist 也显示很多进程处于Copying to tmp table状态。

谢谢。感谢您的帮助。

编辑:

SHOW CREATE TABLE 的输出:

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE `advertis_admpro`.`amp_c`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: amp_c
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `amp_c` (
`n` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`camp` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`zone` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`javascript` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`banner_target` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`accept` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`en_u` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`en_w` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`i_got` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c_got` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`r` double(4,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00',
`price_i` double(10,6) unsigned NOT NULL,
`price_c` double(10,3) unsigned NOT NULL,
`i_nu` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c_nu` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`unlimit` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d_total` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d_valid_by` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`t1` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`t2` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d1` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d2` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d3` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d4` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d5` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d6` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`d7` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`tz1` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`tz2` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`tz3` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`tz4` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`tz5` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`some_countr` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`i_d_max` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c_d_max` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`i_d_nu` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c_d_nu` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`last` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`user` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`username` varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`emailed` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
KEY `work` (`en_u`,`en_w`,`i_nu`,`c_nu`,`d_valid_by`,`unlimit`,`i_d_max`,`c_d_max`,`i_d_nu`,`c_d_nu`,`t1`,`t2`,`n`),
KEY `n_index` (`n`,`camp`),
KEY `zone_price` (`zone`,`price_c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE `advertis_admpro`.`amp_ads`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: amp_ads
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `amp_ads` (
`n` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`title` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`ad_type` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`accept` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`en_w` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`weight` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`w` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`h` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`norepeat` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`campaigns` tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`zones` text NOT NULL,
`keywords` text NOT NULL,
`banner` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`url` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`alt` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`raw` text NOT NULL,
`kind` varchar(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`javascript` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`ad_complete` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`url1` text NOT NULL,
`url2` text NOT NULL,
`url3` text NOT NULL,
`text1` text NOT NULL,
`text2` text NOT NULL,
`text3` text NOT NULL,
`text4` text NOT NULL,
`text5` text NOT NULL,
`text6` text NOT NULL,
`text7` text NOT NULL,
`text8` text NOT NULL,
`text9` text NOT NULL,
`text10` text NOT NULL,
`picture1` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`picture2` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`picture3` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`picture4` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`picture5` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`created` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`user` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`username` varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`preview` text NOT NULL,
`def` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
UNIQUE KEY `n` (`n`),
KEY `work` (`ad_type`,`accept`,`en_w`,`norepeat`,`ad_complete`,`def`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1532 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE `advertis_admpro`.`amp_c_countries`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: amp_c_countries
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `amp_c_countries` (
`ad` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`country` varchar(5) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
KEY `work` (`ad`,`c`,`country`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

最佳答案

为了避免需要排序,按照索引的第二部分排序时,第一部分必须保持不变。

在您的情况下,第一部分的条件是 amp_c.zone = '24' OR amp_c.zone = '25',这可能不够好。

尝试将条件更改为仅 amp_c.zone = '24',看看是否会改变解释(显然您不会获得所需的所有结果,但这样做是为了验证我的猜测) ...

如果它有效并且解释没有再次显示 using filesort,您有 2 个选择:

  1. 按索引的所有部分排序:ORDER BY amp_c.zone, amp_c.price_c
  2. 在区域列上只有一个条件,并与第二个条件的另一个类似查询合并,例如:

(SELECT  ...  WHERE zone = 24 ... ORDER BY price_c)
UNION
(SELECT ... WHERE zone = 25 ... ORDER BY price_c)
ORDER BY price_c

关于mysql - 奇怪的MySQL查询计划: why is this query using temporary & filesort?如何优化?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5206110/

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