java - 谷歌云消息 : don't receive alerts when iOS App is in background

Question

我已遵循本教程 https://developers.google.com/cloud-messaging/ios/client在我的 iOS 应用程序上实现 GCM。我的应用服务器是用 Java 编写的谷歌应用引擎，我使用 gcm-server.jar https://github.com/google/gcm图书馆。我认为我的证书没问题，我可以注册、获取 token ，甚至可以接收我的应用服务器发送的消息内容。但是，当应用程序处于后台时，我不会收到任何通知提醒，只有当我单击应用程序图标以重新启动它时，我才会收到通知提醒。

我以为那是因为我只实现了 didReceiveRemoteNotification: 而不是 didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler: 所以我实现了它而不是第一个但是我没有收到通知而在后台，更糟糕的是，应用程序崩溃并显示类似“无法识别的选择器发送到实例 didReceiveRemoteNotification:”之类的内容，就像用户信息中出现问题一样。我确实在 xCode 中允许背景模式，就像它所需要的那样。这是我使用的代码:

AppDelegate ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSDictionary *registrationOptions;
@property (nonatomic, strong) GGLInstanceIDTokenHandler registrationHandler;

@end

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

//-- Set Notification
[[GCMService sharedInstance] startWithConfig:[GCMConfig defaultConfig]];
if ([application respondsToSelector:@selector(isRegisteredForRemoteNotifications)])
{
    NSLog(@"Case iOS8");
    // iOS 8 Notifications
    [application registerUserNotificationSettings:[UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge) categories:nil]];

    [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
}
else
{
    NSLog(@"Case iOS7");
    // iOS < 8 Notifications
    [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:
     (UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)];
}

self.registrationHandler = ^(NSString *registrationToken, NSError *error){
    if (registrationToken != nil) {

        NSUserDefaults *defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
        [defaults setObject:registrationToken forKey:TOKENGCM];
        NSLog(@"Registration Token: %@", registrationToken);
        //some code
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Registration to GCM failed with error: %@", error.localizedDescription);
    }
};
return YES;
}

- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application {
}

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
[[GCMService sharedInstance] disconnect];
}

- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application {
}

- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
// Connect to the GCM server to receive non-APNS notifications
[[GCMService sharedInstance] connectWithHandler:^(NSError *error) {
    if (error) {
        NSLog(@"Could not connect to GCM: %@", error.localizedDescription);
    } else {
        NSLog(@"Connected to GCM");
        // ...
    }
}];
}

- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application {
}


- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
// Start the GGLInstanceID shared instance with the default config and request a registration
// token to enable reception of notifications
[[GGLInstanceID sharedInstance] startWithConfig:[GGLInstanceIDConfig defaultConfig]];
self.registrationOptions = @{kGGLInstanceIDRegisterAPNSOption:deviceToken,
                         kGGLInstanceIDAPNSServerTypeSandboxOption:@NO};
[[GGLInstanceID sharedInstance] tokenWithAuthorizedEntity:SENDER_ID
                                                    scope:kGGLInstanceIDScopeGCM
                                                  options:self.registrationOptions
                                                  handler:self.registrationHandler];
}

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)err {
NSLog(@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err);
}

- (void)onTokenRefresh {
// A rotation of the registration tokens is happening, so the app needs to request a new token.
NSLog(@"The GCM registration token needs to be changed.");
[[GGLInstanceID sharedInstance] tokenWithAuthorizedEntity:SENDER_ID
                                                    scope:kGGLInstanceIDScopeGCM
                                                  options:self.registrationOptions
                                                  handler:self.registrationHandler];
}


- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo {
NSLog(@"Notification received: %@", userInfo);//This does print the content of my message in the console if the app is in foreground
UIApplicationState state = [application applicationState];
if (state == UIApplicationStateActive) {
    NSString *cancelTitle = @"Close";
    NSString *showTitle = @"Show";
    NSString *message = [[userInfo valueForKey:@"aps"] valueForKey:@"alert"];
    UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Some title"
                                                        message:message
                                                       delegate:self
                                              cancelButtonTitle:cancelTitle
                                              otherButtonTitles:showTitle, nil];
    [alertView show];
}
else{
    NSLog(@"Notification received while inactive");
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber: 99];
    UIAlertView *BOOM = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"BOOM"
                                                   message:@"app was INACTIVE"
                                                  delegate:self
                                         cancelButtonTitle:@"a-ha!"
                                         otherButtonTitles:nil];
    [BOOM show];
    NSLog(@"App was NOT ACTIVE");
   [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"Notification!"
                                                        object:nil
                                                      userInfo:userInfo];
}
// This works only if the app started the GCM service
[[GCMService sharedInstance] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
}

//Implement that causes unrecognized selector crash 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))handler {
NSLog(@"Notification received: %@", userInfo);
// This works only if the app started the GCM service
[[GCMService sharedInstance] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
// Handle the received message
// Invoke the completion handler passing the appropriate UIBackgroundFetchResult value
// [START_EXCLUDE]
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"notif"
                                                    object:nil
                                                  userInfo:userInfo];
handler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNoData);
// [END_EXCLUDE]
}

@end

有人能弄清楚我不在前台时收不到通知的原因吗？

编辑:服务器端用于发送 GCM 消息的 Java 代码:

public static MulticastResult sendViaGCM(String tag, String message, List<String> deviceIdsList) throws IOException {
    Sender sender = new Sender(Constantes.API_KEY);
    // This message object is a Google Cloud Messaging object
    Message msg = new Message.Builder().addData("tag",tag).addData("message", message).build();
    MulticastResult result = sender.send(msg, deviceIdsList, 5);
    return result;
}

EDIT2: POST 请求的屏幕截图 http://image.noelshack.com/fichiers/2015/34/1440193492-gcm1.png http://image.noelshack.com/fichiers/2015/34/1440193502-gcm2.png

EDIT3:我现在从我的应用服务器发送的请求:

public static void sendGCMMessage(String tag, String message, List<String> deviceIdsList) {
    String request = "https://gcm-http.googleapis.com/gcm/send";
    try{
        URL url = new URL(request);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        conn.setDoOutput(true);
        //conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
        //Les deux headers obligatoires:
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + API_KEY);
        //Construction du JSON:
        JSONObject fullJSON = new JSONObject();
        JSONObject data=new JSONObject();
        JSONObject notification=new JSONObject();
        data.put("tag", tag);
        data.put("message", message);
        notification.put("sound", "default");
        notification.put("badge", "1");
        notification.put("title", "default");
        notification.put("body", message);
        fullJSON.put("registration_ids", deviceIdsList);

        fullJSON.put("notification", notification);
        fullJSON.put("content_available", "true");
        fullJSON.put("data", data);

        //Phase finale:
        OutputStreamWriter wr= new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
        wr.write(fullJSON.toString());
        wr.flush();
        wr.close();//pas obligatoire
        //conn.setUseCaches(false);
    }
    catch(Exception e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

Answer 1

基于GCM documentation , 您可以设置 content_available至 true .

(在 iOS 上，使用此字段表示 APNS 负载中可用的内容。当发送通知或消息并将其设置为 true 时，不活动的客户端应用程序将被唤醒。在 Android 上，数据消息会唤醒默认情况下的应用程序。在 Chrome 上，目前不支持。)

content_available对应苹果的content-available ，您可以在 this Apple Push Notification Service documentation 中找到.

此外，您应该使用 Notification playload , 用于向您的 iOS 应用程序发送消息，以便它可以在您的应用程序处于后台时显示横幅。

这是一个示例 HTTP 请求:

https://gcm-http.googleapis.com/gcm/send
Content-Type:application/json
Authorization:key=API_KEY
{
   "to" : "REGISTRATION_TOKEN",
   "notification" : {
     "sound" : "default",
     "badge" : "1",
     "title" : "default",
     "body"  : "Test",
   },
   "content_available" : true,
}

The Java library只是一个示例，您可以向其中添加其他字段。例如，在 Message.java类，可以添加两个私有(private)变量，一个是private final Boolean contentAvailable , 另一个是 private final Map<String, String> notification .

您可以通过执行 curl -i -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Authorization:key=API_KEY" -X POST -d '{"to":"REGISTRATION_TOKEN", "notificaiton":{"sound":"default", "badge":"1", "title": "default", "body":"test",},"content_available":true}' https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send 在终端中尝试 HTTP 请求，或在 Postman 中尝试.

已编辑:

如果您的应用程序被终止，并且您希望推送通知显示在您的设备中，您可以设置 high priority在您的 HTTP 请求正文中(请注意，与普通优先级消息相比，将您的消息设置为高优先级会更耗电)。

示例 HTTP 请求:

{
   "to" : "REGISTRATION_TOKEN",
    "notification" : {
     "sound" : "default",
     "badge" : "1",
     "title" : "default",
     "body"  : "Test",
   },
   "content_available" : true,
   "priority" : "normal",
 }