c# - XML序列化、编码

Question

using System;

public class clsPerson
{
  public  string FirstName;
  public  string MI;
  public  string LastName;
}

class class1
{ 
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
      clsPerson p=new clsPerson();
      p.FirstName = "Jeff";
      p.MI = "A";
      p.LastName = "Price";
      System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(p.GetType());
      x.Serialize(Console.Out, p);
      Console.WriteLine();
      Console.ReadLine();
   }
} 

取自http://support.microsoft.com/kb/815813

1)

System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(p.GetType());

这条线是做什么的？什么是 GetType()？

2) 如何获取编码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
< clsPerson xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

代替

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="IBM437"?>
 <clsPerson xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3
 .org/2001/XMLSchema">

或者根本不包括编码类型？

Answer 1

如果您将 XmlWriter 传递给序列化程序，您可以控制一些参数，例如编码、是否省略声明(例如对于片段)等。

这并不是一个权威指南，而是一个替代方案，因此您可以了解正在发生的事情，以及一些不只是先控制台的内容。

另请注意，如果您使用 StringBuilder 而不是 MemoryStream 创建 XmlWriter，您的 xml 将忽略您的编码并以 utf-16 编码输出。请参阅博文 writing xml with utf8 encoding获取更多信息。

XmlWriterSettings xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings 
{ 
    Indent = true, 
    OmitXmlDeclaration = false, 
    Encoding = Encoding.UTF8 
};

using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream() )
using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(memoryStream, xmlWriterSettings))
{   
    var x = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(p.GetType());
    x.Serialize(xmlWriter, p);

    // we just output back to the console for this demo.
    memoryStream.Position = 0; // rewind the stream before reading back.
    using( StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(memoryStream))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd());
    } // note memory stream disposed by StreamReaders Dispose()
}