c# - Entity Framework 错误 : The provider did not return a ProviderManifest instance

Question

我的项目使用 ASP.NET MVC4，C# 和 Visual Studio 2012 for Web Express。

编译我的项目时，出现以下错误:

The provider did not return a ProviderManifest instance. Could not determine storage version; a valid storage connection or a version hint is required.

经过数小时的搜索，我认为错误与 Entity Framework 有某种关联。我还在这里找到了解决此错误的方法: http://forums.devart.com/viewtopic.php?f=32&t=25748

解决方法建议我将 .edmx 文件中的字段 ProviderManifestToken="2012" 更改为 ProviderManifestToken="2008"。

之后错误消失了。但是当我运行项目时又遇到了另一个问题，运行时错误:

Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Data.Edm' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = Microsoft.Data.Edm
(Partial)
WRN: Partial binding information was supplied for an assembly:
WRN: Assembly Name: Microsoft.Data.Edm | Domain ID: 2
WRN: A partial bind occurs when only part of the assembly display name is provided.
WRN: This might result in the binder loading an incorrect assembly.
WRN: It is recommended to provide a fully specified textual identity for the assembly,
WRN: that consists of the simple name, version, culture, and public key token.
WRN: See whitepaper http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=109270 for more information and common solutions to this issue.
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Users/Pedro/Documents/Visual Studio 2012/Projects/Dockis/Development/Dockis/Dockis/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = C:\Users\Pedro\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\Dockis\Development\Dockis\Dockis\bin
Calling assembly : (Unknown).

LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Users\Pedro\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\Dockis\Development\Dockis\Dockis\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: C:\Users\Pedro\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.

LOG: Policy not being applied to reference at this time (private, custom, partial, or location-based assembly bind).
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/78aa89a1/af9f01eb/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/78aa89a1/af9f01eb/Microsoft.Data.Edm/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/Pedro/Documents/Visual Studio 2012/Projects/Dockis/Development/Dockis/Dockis/bin/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Users\Pedro\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\Dockis\Development\Dockis\Dockis\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: C:\Users\Pedro\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Redirect found in application configuration file: 5.6.0.0 redirected to 5.6.1.0.
LOG: Post-policy reference: Microsoft.Data.Edm, Version=5.6.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/78aa89a1/af9f01eb/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Windows/Microsoft.NET/Framework/v4.0.30319/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/78aa89a1/af9f01eb/Microsoft.Data.Edm/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/Pedro/Documents/Visual Studio 2012/Projects/Dockis/Development/Dockis/Dockis/bin/Microsoft.Data.Edm.DLL.
WRN: Comparing the assembly name resulted in the mismatch: Build Number
ERR: Failed to complete setup of assembly (hr = 0x80131040). Probing terminated.

堆栈跟踪:

[FileLoadException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Data.Edm' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)]

[FileLoadException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Data.Edm, Version=5.6.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)]
   System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +0
   System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +34
   System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(AssemblyName assemblyRef, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +152
   System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(String assemblyString, Evidence assemblySecurity, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean forIntrospection) +77
   System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(String assemblyString, Evidence assemblySecurity, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean forIntrospection) +16
   System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(String assemblyString) +28
   System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssemblyHelper(String assemblyName, Boolean starDirective) +38

[ConfigurationErrorsException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Data.Edm, Version=5.6.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)]
   System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssemblyHelper(String assemblyName, Boolean starDirective) +752
   System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAllAssembliesFromAppDomainBinDirectory() +218
   System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssembly(AssemblyInfo ai) +130
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies(CompilationSection compConfig) +170
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetPreStartInitMethodsFromReferencedAssemblies() +91
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CallPreStartInitMethods(String preStartInitListPath, Boolean& isRefAssemblyLoaded) +285
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.ExecutePreAppStart() +153
   System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(ApplicationManager appManager, IApplicationHost appHost, IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception appDomainCreationException) +521

[HttpException (0x80004005): Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Data.Edm, Version=5.6.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)]
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.FirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +9950728
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.EnsureFirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +101
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.ProcessRequestNotificationPrivate(IIS7WorkerRequest wr, HttpContext context) +254

Dockis 是项目的名称。看到这个错误后，我花了几个小时相信错误出在所使用的包版本中的某个地方。然而，情况似乎并非如此，因为大多数软件包都是最新的并且它们之间似乎没有任何冲突。

因此，我重新相信问题出在 EntityFramework 的版本上，但我不知道如何解决这个问题。

我洗耳恭听，如果您有任何建议，我将不胜感激。

Answer 1

下载http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40762并将 Nuget EF 更新到 6.1.3，一切都会正常工作。