c# - 如何使用 Swashbuckle 在 Swagger API 文档/OpenAPI 规范中包含子类？

Question

我在 C# 中有一个 Asp.Net Web API 5.2 项目并使用 Swashbuckle 生成文档。

我有一个包含继承的模型，例如具有来自 Animal 抽象类的 Animal 属性以及从它派生的 Dog 和 Cat 类。

Swashbuckle 仅显示 Animal 类的模式，因此我尝试使用 ISchemaFilter(他们也建议这样做)但我无法使其工作，而且我找不到合适的示例。

有人可以帮忙吗？

Answer 1

似乎 Swashbuckle 没有正确实现多态性，我理解作者关于子类作为参数的观点(如果一个 Action 需要一个 Animal 类并且如果你用狗对象或猫对象调用它时表现不同，那么你应该有 2 个不同的操作...) 但作为返回类型，我认为返回 Animal 是正确的，对象可以是 Dog 或 Cat 类型。

因此，为了描述我的 API 并根据正确的指南生成适当的 JSON 模式(请注意我描述鉴别器的方式，如果您有自己的鉴别器，您可能需要特别更改该部分)，我使用文档和架构过滤器如下:

SwaggerDocsConfig configuration;
.....
configuration.DocumentFilter<PolymorphismDocumentFilter<YourBaseClass>>();
configuration.SchemaFilter<PolymorphismSchemaFilter<YourBaseClass>>();
.....

public class PolymorphismSchemaFilter<T> : ISchemaFilter
{
    private readonly Lazy<HashSet<Type>> derivedTypes = new Lazy<HashSet<Type>>(Init);

    private static HashSet<Type> Init()
    {
        var abstractType = typeof(T);
        var dTypes = abstractType.Assembly
                                 .GetTypes()
                                 .Where(x => abstractType != x && abstractType.IsAssignableFrom(x));

        var result = new HashSet<Type>();

        foreach (var item in dTypes)
            result.Add(item);

        return result;
    }

    public void Apply(Schema schema, SchemaRegistry schemaRegistry, Type type)
    {
        if (!derivedTypes.Value.Contains(type)) return;

        var clonedSchema = new Schema
                                {
                                    properties = schema.properties,
                                    type = schema.type,
                                    required = schema.required
                                };

        //schemaRegistry.Definitions[typeof(T).Name]; does not work correctly in SwashBuckle
        var parentSchema = new Schema { @ref = "#/definitions/" + typeof(T).Name };   

        schema.allOf = new List<Schema> { parentSchema, clonedSchema };

        //reset properties for they are included in allOf, should be null but code does not handle it
        schema.properties = new Dictionary<string, Schema>();
    }
}

public class PolymorphismDocumentFilter<T> : IDocumentFilter
{
    public void Apply(SwaggerDocument swaggerDoc, SchemaRegistry schemaRegistry, System.Web.Http.Description.IApiExplorer apiExplorer)
    {
        RegisterSubClasses(schemaRegistry, typeof(T));
    }

    private static void RegisterSubClasses(SchemaRegistry schemaRegistry, Type abstractType)
    {
        const string discriminatorName = "discriminator";

        var parentSchema = schemaRegistry.Definitions[SchemaIdProvider.GetSchemaId(abstractType)];

        //set up a discriminator property (it must be required)
        parentSchema.discriminator = discriminatorName;
        parentSchema.required = new List<string> { discriminatorName };

        if (!parentSchema.properties.ContainsKey(discriminatorName))
            parentSchema.properties.Add(discriminatorName, new Schema { type = "string" });

        //register all subclasses
        var derivedTypes = abstractType.Assembly
                                       .GetTypes()
                                       .Where(x => abstractType != x && abstractType.IsAssignableFrom(x));

        foreach (var item in derivedTypes)
            schemaRegistry.GetOrRegister(item);
    }
}

前面的代码实现的是指定here ，在“支持多态性的模型”部分。它基本上产生如下内容:

{
  "definitions": {
    "Pet": {
      "type": "object",
      "discriminator": "petType",
      "properties": {
        "name": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "petType": {
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "name",
        "petType"
      ]
    },
    "Cat": {
      "description": "A representation of a cat",
      "allOf": [
        {
          "$ref": "#/definitions/Pet"
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "huntingSkill": {
              "type": "string",
              "description": "The measured skill for hunting",
              "default": "lazy",
              "enum": [
                "clueless",
                "lazy",
                "adventurous",
                "aggressive"
              ]
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "huntingSkill"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "Dog": {
      "description": "A representation of a dog",
      "allOf": [
        {
          "$ref": "#/definitions/Pet"
        },
        {
          "type": "object",
          "properties": {
            "packSize": {
              "type": "integer",
              "format": "int32",
              "description": "the size of the pack the dog is from",
              "default": 0,
              "minimum": 0
            }
          },
          "required": [
            "packSize"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}