c# - 从 VID/PID 中查找 USB 盘符(XP 及更高版本需要)

Question

所以我想我会在这里包含最终答案，这样您就不必理解这篇文章了。非常感谢 Simon Mourier 花时间解决这个问题。

我的工作代码

        try
        {
            //Get a list of available devices attached to the USB hub
            List<string> disks = new List<string>();
            var usbDevices = GetUSBDevices();

            //Enumerate the USB devices to see if any have specific VID/PID
            foreach (var usbDevice in usbDevices)
            {
                if (usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_PID) && usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_VID))
                {
                    foreach (string name in usbDevice.GetDiskNames())
                    {
                        //Open dialog to show file names
                        textbox1.Text = name.ToString();
                    }
                }                   
            }

因此，只需使用我最初问题中的 GetUSBDevices，然后包含 Simon Mourier 的回答中显示的两个类，就可以开始了!

---

原始问题

我知道之前有人问过这个问题(参见 here )，但没有一个得到确认的答案，我已经尝试了所有建议的答案。不幸的是，这些线程早就死了，我希望有人能在这里给出更好的答案。

到目前为止，我有两个“起点”，我将在下面分别展示。

---

选项 1:(获取 VID/PID 但不获取盘符)

我有一个通过应用程序连接到的嵌入式设备。我有成功扫描任何 USB 设备并检查 VID/PID 的代码。我成功检测到我的设备，但我不知道如何获取驱动器号。有人可以帮我吗？我觉得我可以在 class 中添加另一行，但是当我通过 Device Manager 时，我找不到任何描述驱动器号的属性。

谢谢!

到目前为止，我将在下面包含我的代码。

private void tsDownload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        var usbDevices = GetUSBDevices();

        foreach (var usbDevice in usbDevices)
        {
            if (usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_PID) && usbDevice.DeviceID.Contains(USB_VID))
            {                    
                //Find drive letter here
            }
        }
    }

这些函数在哪里:

 static List<USBDeviceInfo> GetUSBDevices()
    {
      List<USBDeviceInfo> devices = new List<USBDeviceInfo>();

      ManagementObjectCollection collection;
      using (var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"Select * From Win32_USBHub"))
        collection = searcher.Get();      

      foreach (var device in collection)
      {
        devices.Add(new USBDeviceInfo(
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("DeviceID"),
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("PNPDeviceID"),
        (string)device.GetPropertyValue("Description")            
        ));
      }

      collection.Dispose();
      return devices;
    }      

类是:

class USBDeviceInfo
{
    public USBDeviceInfo(string deviceID, string pnpDeviceID, string description)
    {
      this.DeviceID = deviceID;
      this.PnpDeviceID = pnpDeviceID;
      this.Description = description;
    }
    public string DeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string PnpDeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string Description { get; private set; }
}

---

选项 2:(获取盘符但不获取 VID/PID)

foreach (ManagementObject drive in new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from Win32_DiskDrive where InterfaceType='USB'").Get())
            {
                foreach(ManagementObject partition in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='" + drive["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition").Get())
                {
                    foreach (ManagementObject disk in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='" + partition["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition").Get())
                    {
                        textBox1.Text = disk["Name"].ToString();

                    }
                }
            }

我猜测 VID/PID 在 disk 对象属性之一中，但我就是找不到哪个。

Answer 1

我可能弄错了，但 WMI 似乎不知道 Windows 设备设置 API 中存在的父子关系。

因此，我创建了一个小型 Device 实用程序类，可以从 native Setup API 添加这个缺失的链接。以下是您将如何在原始 USBDeviceInfo 类中使用它:

class USBDeviceInfo
{
    public USBDeviceInfo(string deviceID, string pnpDeviceID, string description)
    {
        this.DeviceID = deviceID;
        this.PnpDeviceID = pnpDeviceID;
        this.Description = description;
    }

    public string DeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string PnpDeviceID { get; private set; }
    public string Description { get; private set; }

    public IEnumerable<string> GetDiskNames()
    {
        using (Device device = Device.Get(PnpDeviceID))
        {
            // get children devices
            foreach (string childDeviceId in device.ChildrenPnpDeviceIds)
            {
                // get the drive object that correspond to this id (escape the id)
                foreach (ManagementObject drive in new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT DeviceID FROM Win32_DiskDrive WHERE PNPDeviceID='" + childDeviceId.Replace(@"\", @"\\") + "'").Get())
                {
                    // associate physical disks with partitions
                    foreach (ManagementObject partition in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='" + drive["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass=Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition").Get())
                    {
                        // associate partitions with logical disks (drive letter volumes)
                        foreach (ManagementObject disk in new ManagementObjectSearcher("ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='" + partition["DeviceID"] + "'} WHERE AssocClass=Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition").Get())
                        {
                            yield return (string)disk["DeviceID"];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

这是新的设备类:

public sealed class Device : IDisposable
{
    private IntPtr _hDevInfo;
    private SP_DEVINFO_DATA _data;

    private Device(IntPtr hDevInfo, SP_DEVINFO_DATA data)
    {
        _hDevInfo = hDevInfo;
        _data = data;
    }

    public static Device Get(string pnpDeviceId)
    {
        if (pnpDeviceId == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("pnpDeviceId");

        IntPtr hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(IntPtr.Zero, pnpDeviceId, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF.DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | DIGCF.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
        if (hDevInfo == (IntPtr)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

        SP_DEVINFO_DATA data = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
        data.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(data);
        if (!SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, 0, ref data))
        {
            int err = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            if (err == ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS)
                return null;

            throw new Win32Exception(err);
        }

        return new Device(hDevInfo, data) {PnpDeviceId = pnpDeviceId};
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        if (_hDevInfo != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(_hDevInfo);
            _hDevInfo = IntPtr.Zero;
        }
    }

    public string PnpDeviceId { get; private set; }

    public string ParentPnpDeviceId
    {
        get
        {
            if (IsVistaOrHiger)
                return GetStringProperty(DEVPROPKEY.DEVPKEY_Device_Parent);

            uint parent;
            int cr = CM_Get_Parent(out parent, _data.DevInst, 0);
            if (cr != 0)
                throw new Exception("CM Error:" + cr);

            return GetDeviceId(parent);
        }
    }

    private static string GetDeviceId(uint inst)
    {
        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN + 1);
        int cr = CM_Get_Device_ID(inst, buffer, MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN + 1, 0);
        if (cr != 0)
            throw new Exception("CM Error:" + cr);

        try
        {
            return Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(buffer);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }

    public string[] ChildrenPnpDeviceIds
    {
        get
        {
            if (IsVistaOrHiger)
                return GetStringListProperty(DEVPROPKEY.DEVPKEY_Device_Children);

            uint child;
            int cr = CM_Get_Child(out child, _data.DevInst, 0);
            if (cr != 0)
                return new string[0];

            List<string> ids = new List<string>();
            ids.Add(GetDeviceId(child));
            do
            {
                cr = CM_Get_Sibling(out child, child, 0);
                if (cr != 0)
                    return ids.ToArray();

                ids.Add(GetDeviceId(child));
            }
            while (true);
        }
    }

    private static bool IsVistaOrHiger
    {
        get
        {
            return (Environment.OSVersion.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT && Environment.OSVersion.Version.CompareTo(new Version(6, 0)) >= 0);
        }
    }

    private const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
    private const int ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS = 259;
    private const int MAX_DEVICE_ID_LEN = 200;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct SP_DEVINFO_DATA
    {
        public int cbSize;
        public Guid ClassGuid;
        public uint DevInst;
        public IntPtr Reserved;
    }

    [Flags]
    private enum DIGCF : uint
    {
        DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x00000001,
        DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x00000002,
        DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x00000004,
        DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x00000008,
        DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x00000010,
    }

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern bool SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, uint MemberIndex, ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(IntPtr ClassGuid, string Enumerator, IntPtr hwndParent, DIGCF Flags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Parent(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Device_ID(uint dnDevInst, IntPtr Buffer, int BufferLen, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Child(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern int CM_Get_Sibling(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll")]
    private static extern bool SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet);

    // vista and higher
    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true, EntryPoint = "SetupDiGetDevicePropertyW")]
    private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData, ref DEVPROPKEY propertyKey, out int propertyType, IntPtr propertyBuffer, int propertyBufferSize, out int requiredSize, int flags);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct DEVPROPKEY
    {
        public Guid fmtid;
        public uint pid;

        // from devpkey.h
        public static readonly DEVPROPKEY DEVPKEY_Device_Parent = new DEVPROPKEY { fmtid = new Guid("{4340A6C5-93FA-4706-972C-7B648008A5A7}"), pid = 8 };
        public static readonly DEVPROPKEY DEVPKEY_Device_Children = new DEVPROPKEY { fmtid = new Guid("{4340A6C5-93FA-4706-972C-7B648008A5A7}"), pid = 9 };
    }

    private string[] GetStringListProperty(DEVPROPKEY key)
    {
        int type;
        int size;
        SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out size, 0);
        if (size == 0)
            return new string[0];

        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
        try
        {
            if (!SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, buffer, size, out size, 0))
                throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

            List<string> strings = new List<string>();
            IntPtr current = buffer;
            do
            {
                string s = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(current);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s))
                    break;

                strings.Add(s);
                current += (1 + s.Length) * 2;
            }
            while (true);
            return strings.ToArray();
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }

    private string GetStringProperty(DEVPROPKEY key)
    {
        int type;
        int size;
        SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out size, 0);
        if (size == 0)
            return null;

        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);
        try
        {
            if (!SetupDiGetDeviceProperty(_hDevInfo, ref _data, ref key, out type, buffer, size, out size, 0))
                throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());

            return Marshal.PtrToStringUni(buffer);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(buffer);
        }
    }
}